Nový Hrad Castle
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The Nový Hrad Castle (German New Castle ) is located in the Jimlín municipality in Okres Louny in the Czech Republic . The current Renaissance building was one of the last Gothic castles in Bohemia .
geography
The castle is located six kilometers southwest of Louny between the villages of Jimlín and Zeměchy in the Nový Hrad settlement on a hill opposite a bend in the Hasina brook.
history
In the 14th century the knight Záviš of Jimlín built a new stone fortress on the hill. After the Jimlín family died out in 1453, their heir fell to Albrecht Bezdružický von Kolowrat . At that time the fortress was no longer inhabited and very dilapidated. Albrecht von Kolowrat united the Jimlín rule with his Opočno rule . The seat of the rule remained the Opočno Fortress. Albrecht von Kolowrat intended to build a magnificent Gothic castle as his seat in place of the old Jimlín Fortress. On May 2, 1465, King George of Podebrady gave him permission. In 1474 the construction was completed and Albrecht von Kolowrat moved the seat to Nowyhrad Castle. He and his descendants carried the title Nowohradsky-Kolowrat (Czech Novohradský z Kolovrat ). The lords of Kolowrat had numerous fish ponds built in the vicinity of Jimlín. The line of Nowohradsky-Kolowrat expired in 1802, the Nowyhrad rule belonged to their possessions for 120 years. In 1572 the Hřivice manor was incorporated into the rule. In 1573 Wolf Nowohradsky-Kolowrat sold Nowyhrad Castle to Johann the Elder. Ä. Booger from Lobkowitz . He continued the conversion into a renaissance castle that his predecessor had begun.
In 1580 he sold the rule to Václav Franěk von Liběchov . Sebastian Vřesovec von Vresovice bought it from him in 1588. In 1602 the Netluk estate was attached to the rule. After the Battle of White Mountain , the rebel Wolf d. Ä. from Vřesovice property belonging to it was confiscated and in 1623 sold by the court chamber to the Electoral Saxon general sergeant Wolf Ilburg von Wresowitz. From him in 1630 Johann von Aldringen acquired the castle with all accessories. According to Johann von Aldringen's testamentary decree, Nowyhrad fell to the Strahov Premonstratensian Monastery after the death of the military leader near Landshut in 1634 . During the Thirty Years' War the castle was plundered by various troops in 1623 and 1647 and by rebel subjects in 1639. The rulers were deserted in the chaos of war and the castle was devastated. The Premonstratensians did not see themselves in a position to finance the restoration and in 1651 the abbot Caspar von Questenberg sold what was first called the Neuschloß to Christian Wilhelm von Brandenburg . He had the castle restored and the castle chapel built. His heir Friedrich Wilhelm continued the work from 1665. In 1670 Gustav Adolph von Varrensbach and his wife Marie Sidonie, née Schlick , bought the castle and had baroque renovations carried out. In 1715 Anna Barbara von Löwenegg bought the estate, which consisted of five farms and nine villages. During the Seven Years' War the rule was ravaged by Prussian troops in 1757.
In 1767 Joseph I. zu Schwarzenberg acquired Neuschloß. He had the castle, which from then on no longer served as the mansion, but was used as an economic and administrative center, reconstructed. During the Napoleonic Wars from 1813 to 1816, a military hospital was set up in the castle, and the structure was damaged. The pheasant garden near Neuschloß was closed in the 1820s.
In 1844 the allodial rule of Neuschloß comprised a usable area of 5444 yoke 1242 square fathoms. 2609 people lived on their territory, including three Jewish families. The main source of income was hops and grain cultivation as well as fruit growing. The rule included the villages Neuschloß ( Nový Hrad ), Imling , Opotschna , Semich ( Zeměchy ), Lippenz ( Lipenec ), Netluk and Tauchowitz ( Touchovice ) as well as 34 houses from Hřiwitz including Babylon ( Babylón ), twelve houses from Lischan , nine houses from Horschan ( Hořany ) and eight houses from Horka ( Dolejší Hůrky ). The village of Netluk was separated from the rest of the dominion by the village of Konotop ( Konětopy ) belonging to the Zitolib dominion . The rulership owned five farms with sheep farms, of which only the Neuschloß farm, including an orchard with 1,800 trees, was cultivated. The Netluk farms. Lippenz, Tauchowitz and Hřiwitz were leased. The forest ownership consisted of the two forests Kuchinka (203 yoke 121 square fathoms ) above Hřiwitz and Klutzen behind Netluk (680 yoke), which were managed as a district. A sandstone quarry was operated near Semich. The language border ran across the dominion. Imling, Semisch, Opotschna, Tauchowitz and Netluk were in Czech, Lischan, Horka and Horschan were German and Lippenz were mixed languages. The rule of Neuschloß also exercised the political and economic administration as well as the administration of justice for the Landtäfliche Gut Hřiwitz belonging to the Domdechantei Leitmeritz .
Between 1851 and 1870 a garrison of the Imperial and Royal Cavalry was stationed in the castle. After their departure, the castle was so damaged that the lordly administration also vacated the building and moved to Postelberg . Neuschloss was only used as a farm yard. The castle was owned by the Schwarzenberg family until it was expropriated in 1947 as part of Lex Schwarzenberg .
In 1949 the castle was transferred to an agricultural production cooperative. Subsequently, all remaining furnishings disappeared and the palace chapel and the representative rooms were devastated. The cooperative failed to undertake urgently needed construction work, instead, unprofessional mending work was carried out again and again until 1986, which led to further damage to the building fabric. In 1994 the castle passed to the Louny district administration . After its dissolution, it has been in the legal ownership of the Ústecký kraj since 2001 and a general reconstruction began under the direction of the Louny Regional Museum to bring the castle to tourist use and to create a place for cultural and social events. The renovation and restoration of the east wing took place between 2006 and 2007. In August 2008, parts of the castle became accessible to the public for the first time. An exhibition of economic utensils was set up in the castle. At the beginning of 2012, the chateau was outsourced from the administration of the regional museum and managed as an institution of the Ústecký kraj.
Building
The palace complex comprises a building complex with three inner courtyards. The oldest parts form the north and east sides of the fortification. The late Gothic tower at the entrance to the third courtyard forms the dominant feature of the palace. On the right side of the tower remains of the palace of the old fortress are preserved. On the east side is the late-Gothic palace of the castle. To the south of this, the palace chapel was added between 1681 and 1682 with a polygonal closure. The Schwarzenberg coat of arms has been located at the entrance gate since 1767.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer The Kingdom of Bohemia, Vol. 14 Saatzer Kreis, 1846, pp. 33-38
Web links
Coordinates: 50 ° 19 ′ 10 ″ N , 13 ° 44 ′ 56 ″ E