Rheydt Castle
The Rheydt Castle is a Renaissance - water palace complex on the Lower Rhine and a significant monument Mönchengladbach in the same district . Otto von Bylandt had the castle built between 1558 and 1591 by the master builder Maximilian von Pasqualini . The castle is owned by the city of Mönchengladbach and houses a museum.
history
origin
Excavation finds indicate a wooden original building from the time before the turn of the first millennium, probably a moth . The castle was first mentioned in a document in 1180, when the Archbishop of Cologne , Philipp von Heinsberg, acquired the feudal rights from the unspecified lords of Rheydt . The castle was probably intended for the military protection of the Gladbach Abbey .
Renaissance
The current appearance of the three-part complex ( gate castle, outer bailey, main house) is essentially based on construction work from the years 1558 to 1570. The then lord of the castle Otto von Bylandt had entrusted Maximilian Pasqualini (1534–1572), son of the Italian builder Alessandro Pasqualini , with it. Similar to the citadel Jülich designed by his father, he built a rampart with a gate castle, bastions and casemates , which was surrounded by an outer moat fed by the Niers . A second, inner moat follows inside, which surrounded the outer bailey and the main house. Pasqualini designed this mansion as a representative residential building in the style of the Italian Renaissance with Dutch influences, as can still be seen today in the figural decoration of the facade and the interior with chimneys, tiles, wall and ceiling paintings. Destruction and alterations have been kept within limits since then, so that the facility is well preserved.
In 1940, on behalf of Joseph Goebbels, conversion work into a guest house was carried out according to plans by Emil Fahrenkamp .
In 1978 it received the European Museum of the Year award from the European Museum Forum . A postage stamp and a postcard with Rheydt Castle as a motif was published on November 14, 1979 for the areas of Deutsche Bundespost and Deutsche Bundespost Berlin, from the definitive series of castles and palaces with a value of 60 Pfennig. Rheydt Castle is the only completely preserved Renaissance castle on the Lower Rhine.
Todays use
After extensive restoration from 1988 to 1993, made possible by the Otto von Bylandt Society , Rheydt Castle is now largely open to visitors, including the ramparts and parts of the casemates.
museum
After the city of Rheydt acquired the castle in 1917, it has housed the Rheydt Castle Museum since 1922 and shows its extensive collection of art and cultural objects from the Renaissance and Baroque periods as well as Mönchengladbach's textile history. The painting by Johann Heinrich Fischer : Otto Friedrich von Quadt with his master builder Matthieu Soiron and Wickrath Castle in the background from 1773 has been part of the inventory since 2001. In the outer bailey, exhibitions with a thematic reference to local history take place every several months, for example Hugo Junkers - Life and Work in Summer 2004.
Summer music
The inner courtyard of the palace is used for the open-air series Sommermusik Schloss Rheydt . Artists or groups such as BAP , UB40 or Roger Cicero have been performing in the multi-day concert series for years .
Jousting
Knight games take place annually at Rheydt Castle. In addition to demonstrations, there is a medieval market .
Monument description
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A two-story, two-wing brick building under a steep slate roof. The southwest and part of the northwest wing have been preserved. The north-east wing and the south-east boundary, which originally only consisted of a strong wall, are missing.
An angular, two-storey brick building under a slate (outside) or tiled (inside) roof. The main building has a centrally located through portal and is flanked by two tower stumps built on a rectangular floor plan.
A two-storey brick building under a slate hipped roof with a central, stone-framed, round-arched main portal. Access is via a brick arched bridge built on ashlar pillars. The arch on the door side has a reinforced concrete construction instead of the no longer existing drawbridge.
The building is registered under no. Sch 006 ac on September 24, 1985 in the monuments list of the city of Mönchengladbach .
literature
- Otto von Bylandt Society (ed.): Rheydter yearbook for history, art and local history . Volume 21. Mönchengladbach 1994, ISBN 3-925256-40-7 .
- Christiane Zangs, Carsten Sternberg, Ruth Kaiser : Rheydt Castle and other places . Städtisches Museum Schloß Rheydt, Mönchengladbach 1996, ISBN 3-925256-46-6 .
- Ludger Fischer : The most beautiful palaces and castles on the Lower Rhine . Gudensberg-Gleichen 2004, ISBN 3-8313-1326-1 , pp. 68-69.
- City of Mönchengladbach (ed.): Big plans. Rheydt Castle - Renaissance on the Lower Rhine . Municipal Museum Schloss Rheydt, Mönchengladbach 2017. ISBN 978-3-925256-78-3
Web links
- Rheydt Castle Municipal Museum
- Entry by Hans-Jürgen Greggersen about Rheydt Castle in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute
Individual evidence
- ^ Wolfgang Löhr: Rheydt in the Middle Ages . In: Wolfgang Löhr (Ed.): Loca Desiderata (= Mönchengladbacher Stadtgeschichte ). tape 1 . Rheinland Verlag, Cologne 1994, ISBN 3-7927-1375-6 , p. 387-418 .
- ^ Portal Rhenish History , accessed on February 7, 2013.
- ^ Birgit Wilms: Gardens and parks on the Rhine and Maas . Published by the association “Street of garden art between Rhine and Maas e. V. “, 2013, ISBN 978-3-87463-526-4 , p. 166.
- ↑ Otto Friedrich von Quadt with his master builder Matthieu Soiron and Wickrath Castle in the background
- ^ Christian Lingen: The Cologne Dylan at Rheydt Castle. In: rp-online.de. September 1, 2014, accessed September 28, 2014 .
- ^ Knight's Festival at Rheydt Castle. Retrieved October 4, 2014 .
- ↑ Christian Lingen: Noble knights fight for the Holy Grail. In: rp-online.de. August 4, 2014, accessed October 4, 2014 .
- ↑ Monuments list of the city of Mönchengladbach ( Memento of the original from October 7, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Coordinates: 51 ° 10 ′ 55.6 " N , 6 ° 28 ′ 53.7" E