Snapper

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Snapper
Humpback snapper (Lutjanus gibbus)

Humpback snapper ( Lutjanus gibbus )

Systematics
Sub-cohort : Neoteleostei
Acanthomorphata
Spinefish (Acanthopterygii)
Perch relatives (Percomorphaceae)
Order : Lutjaniformes
Family : Snapper
Scientific name
Lutjanidae
Bloch , 1790

The snapper (Lutjanidae) are a family of marine fish from the group of perch relatives (Percomorphaceae). They live close to the coast in tropical and subtropical regions of the Atlantic and Indo-Pacific and rarely swim in brackish water and estuaries . Many are important edible fish but can be poisoned by ciguatera . In Germany, only the Malabar snapper may be marketed under the name "Roter Schnapper" or "Red Snapper", while in America "Red Snapper" means the Northern snapper .

features

They are mostly medium-sized to large fish with large heads and a large, terminal mouth. Most species have large fangs at the front of the mouth. The palatine bone and sometimes the ploughshare also have small teeth. Their dorsal fin has grown together, there is an indentation between the hard-rayed and soft-rayed part. The caudal fin is slightly to deeply indented. The attachment of the pelvic fins is directly behind the attachment of the pectoral fins .

Fin formula : Dorsal IX – XII / 9–18, Anale III / 7–11

Depending on the species, snapper grow to a length of 15 centimeters to 1.60 meters.

Reproduction

Reproduction was only observed in a few species. Snapper gather in large swarms in front of reefs to spawn at full or new moon . The eggs are very small (usually less than a millimeter in diameter), a female can give up up to half a million. The fry hatch after 18 hours to a few days and initially live hidden in shallow water, in estuaries or mangroves , even in brackish water . In some species the juvenile fish have a completely different color than the adult ones.

Systematics

There are more than 130 species in 21 genera and five subfamilies:

Apsilus dentatus
Paracaesio xanthura
The cladogram shows the relationships between the Schnapper subfamilies:
  Lutjanidae  


 Etelinae


   

 Paradichthyinae



   

 Lutjaninae


   

 Fusiliers  (Caesioninae)


   

 Lutjaninae





Etelis oculatus
Pristipomoides aquilonaris
Blue stripe snapper ( Lutjanus kasmira )
Symphorichthys spirulus

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Miller, TL & TH Cribb. 2007. Phylogenetic relationships of some common Indo-Pacific snappers (Perciformes: Lutjanidae) based on mitochondrial DNA sequences, with comments on the taxonomic position of the Caesioninae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Volume 44, Issue 1, July 2007, DOI: 10.1016 / j.ympev.2006.10.029

Web links

Commons : Schnapper  - collection of images, videos and audio files