Lutjanus

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Lutjanus
Blue stripe snapper (Lutjanus kasmira)

Blue stripe snapper ( Lutjanus kasmira )

Systematics
Acanthomorphata
Spinefish (Acanthopterygii)
Perch relatives (Percomorphaceae)
Order : Lutjaniformes
Family : Snapper (Lutjanidae)
Genre : Lutjanus
Scientific name
Lutjanus
Bloch , 1790

Lutjanus is a genus of fish fromthe snapper family (Lutjanidae)consisting of around 75 species. Lutjanus species occur in tropical and subtropical zones of the Atlantic , Pacific and Indian Oceans .

features

Lutjanus species become 15.5 to 160 cm long. They have a characteristic shape with a high back profile and a large head with a long snout and triangular to conical profile. The eyes and mouth are large, the gap in the mouth usually extends below the eyes. The mouth is pointed and protractile (can be pushed forward). The area between the eyes is convex . The jaws are set with several rows of single-pointed teeth, the first ones are usually enlarged. In the first row of the upper jaw there are two to four large fangs in front. The ploughshare and palatine bone are also covered with brush-shaped teeth. The tooth plate of the ploughshare leg is V-shaped, crescent-shaped or triangular. Adult animals also have one or more fields of fine teeth on the tongue.

The preopercular is finely serrated and has a more or less distinct, but always present indentation on the lower edge, whereby the adjacent part of the interopercular can have a bony cusp. In species with a particularly pronounced indentation in the preopercular, this hump is usually very strongly developed. The tear bone is very wide. The gill trap rays are short, the lower branch of the first gill arch carries seven to nine of them. Apart from a sloping scaly band in the neck, the head is bare.

Lutjanus species are very variable in color. They are often reddish, yellow, gray, or brown and show a pattern of darker stripes or bands, sometimes a large black spot on the upper half of the body below the soft-radiating section of the dorsal fin.

The base of the soft rayed area of ​​the dorsal fin and that of the anal fin are encased in scales. The dorsal fin is continuous, often with a slight indentation between the hard and soft-rayed section, the caudal fin is crescent-shaped or slightly indented, less often forked.

Way of life

Lutjanus species live near the coast mainly in shallow water above 30 to 40 meters, some larger species also at depths of up to 200 meters. Smaller species form schools during the day and split up at night to hunt smaller fish and crustaceans .

Reproduction

Spawning in groups has been observed in the blue-stripe snapper . A male initiates spawning activity by bumping into a female's body and rubbing his body against hers. More snappers ready to spawn are added and the fish swim together in a spiraling swarm to the surface of the water and shortly below release egg cells and sperm. The eggs are small with a diameter of 8 mm, and the fish larvae that hatch after 18 hours are about 18 mm long. A female of Lutjanus griseus can lay more than 5 million eggs.

Lutjanus apodus
Lutjanus bohar
Lutjanus ehrenbergii
Lutjanus gibbus
Lutjanus lutjanus
Lutjanus quinquelineatus
Lutjanus sebae
Lutjanus viridis

species

use

Like many other snapper, the Lutjanus species are sought-after food fish. The genus also includes the snapper, which is sold under the trade name " Red Snapper ", in Germany Lutjanus malabaricus and in the USA Lutjanus campechanus under the English name "Red Snapper" in trade.

literature

  • Melanie Stiassny / Guy Teugels / Carl D. Hopkins: The Fresh and Brackish Water Fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa. Volume 2. ISBN 9789074752213
  • Gerald Allen : Snappers of the World. An Annotated and Illustrated Catalog of Lutjanid Species Known to Date. FAO Species Catalog, Vol. 6, pp. 102-103, Rome, 1985, ISBN 92-5-102321-2 , online version
  • Hans A. Baensch / Robert A. Patzner: Mergus Sea Water Atlas Volume 7 Perciformes (perch-like) , Mergus-Verlag, Melle, 1998, ISBN 3-88244-107-0

supporting documents

  1. ↑ a b Veneza, I., Silva, R., Silva, D., Gomes, G., Sampaio, I. & Schneider, H. (2019): Multiloci analyzes suggest synonymy among Rhomboplites , Ocyurus and Lutjanus and reveal the phylogenetic position of Lutjanus alexandrei (Lutjanidae: Perciformes). Neotropical Ichthyology, 17 (1): Epub April 29, 2019. doi: 10.1590 / 1982-0224-20180109

Web links

Commons : Lutjanus  - collection of images, videos and audio files