Schuppose

In the Middle Ages, the Schuppose referred to a small farm and its agricultural land.

Meanings

Small farm

In the Middle Ages, Schuppose is a name for a small farm (small agricultural place) that can support a family. This includes arable and meadow land in the Won hallway and rights of use (wood rights, Allmend rights ) in wine-growing regions and vineyards. The mostly subservient Schupposer (small farmer) pays his landlord fixed taxes ( gradient , feudal pension) in kind or money and is also obliged to labor (see Villication ). The Schuppose is documented in the sources both as an inheritance and as a temporary loan.

Area measure

The Schuppose as agricultural area ("area measure") usually measures a quarter, sometimes even half a dome ; the absolute area of ​​a Schuppose is mostly around 12  Jucharten (often 9 Jucharten arable and 3 Jucharten meadow).

Linguistic

Linguistic origin

The word Schuppose appears in the medieval sources in a multitude of different spellings, which Jacob Grimm has already collected and arranged chronologically. The linguistic derivation of the word (probably composed of two parts) is controversial and will probably not be finally clarified; were proposed u. a. following derivations

• from the Middle Latin schoppa ( forehead , scales)
• from the Middle High German schuoch (shoe), the Schuppose then interpreted as a shoe stain or shoe cloth
• scoub (grain of wheat ) + pôzan, possen (to beat); So, for example, thresh untied grain hogs
• Interpretation as dandruff = Schupflehen
• The second part of the word (-pose) for the Romance word pose or pusa , which is also used in western Switzerland for a certain area; elsewhere derived from bose , French botte (straw or flax bundle)

The word is certainly of Alemannic origin, and the Latin form ( scoposa and similar) is likely to be borrowed from Middle High German , although it is documented in the documents before the vernacular form .

Synonyms

The Latin expressions diurnale (in the Acta Murensia ), lunadium and tresiusiurnale are roughly synonymous with Schuppose .

Local distribution

The designation Schuppose is documented from the 12th century in Latin and Middle High German documents from the Alemannic region, for example in the Swiss Central Plateau , in southwest Germany and in Alsace . Often the word z. B. in the Habsburg land register (around 1306).

Survival of the word

Today the Schuppose lives on in family names (e.g. Schuppisser , who originally referred to the inhabitant of a Schuppose) and in numerous place names .

literature

• Paul Münger: About the Schuppose. Study on the content and change of a legal word from the time of the decline of the medieval agrarian constitution . Juris, Zurich 1967 (dissertation).
• Markus Stromer: Economic and social conditions in rural areas 1100–1350. In: History of the Canton of Zurich, Vol. 1: Early to late Middle Ages. Werd, Zurich 1995, ISBN 3-85932-158-7 , pp. 269-297.
• Swiss Idioticon . Dictionary of the Swiss German language . Vol. 8 (Huber, Frauenfeld 1920), Col. 1031-1042, s. v. Schu (e) poss ( digitized version ).
• Schuppose . In: Heidelberg Academy of Sciences (Hrsg.): German legal dictionary . tape 12 , issue 9/10 (edited by Andreas Deutsch et al.). Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 2013, ISBN 978-3-7400-1263-2 , Sp. 1449–1450 ( adw.uni-heidelberg.de ).
• Schuppose. In: Jacob Grimm , Wilhelm Grimm (Hrsg.): German dictionary . tape 15 : Schiefeln – Soul - (IX). S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1899, Sp. 2027–2030 ( woerterbuchnetz.de ).
• Lexicon of the Middle Ages . Vol. 7 (Lexma, Munich 1995), Sp. 1592-1593, s. v. Schuppose .
• Swabian dictionary , edited by Hermann Fischer. Vol. 5 (Laupp, Tübingen 1920), Col. 1195-1197, s. v. Schup (p) ose .
• Baden dictionary , edited by Rudolf Post. Vol. 4 (Oldenburg, Munich 2009), ISBN 978-3-486-59196-5 , pp. 750-751, s. v. Bobby .
• Dictionary of Alsatian dialects , p. v. Schuppose .
• Gregor Egloff: Schuppose. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Schuppose. In: Jacob Grimm , Wilhelm Grimm (Hrsg.): German dictionary . tape 15 : Schiefeln – Soul - (IX). S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1899, Sp. 2028 ( woerterbuchnetz.de ).
2. ↑ Paul Münger: About the Schuppose. Study on the content and change of a legal word from the time of the decline of the medieval agrarian constitution . Juris Vlg., Zurich 1967, here: pp. 10–21 (Interpretation of the Schuppose in the light of linguistic deductions)
3. ↑ Swiss Idioticon . Dictionary of the Swiss German language. Vol. 8 (Huber, Frauenfeld 1920), Col. 1031-1042, s. v. Schu (e) poss (with a lot of documents [digitized] )
4. ^ Swabian dictionary , edited by Hermann Fischer. Vol. 5 (Laupp, Tübingen 1920), Col. 1195-1197, s. v. Schup (p) ose
5. ↑ Baden dictionary , edited by Rudolf Post. Vol. 4 (Oldenbourg, Munich 2009), pp. 750-751, s. v. Bobby
6. ^ Dictionary of Alsatian dialects , edited by Ernst Martin and Hans Lienhart. Vol. 2 (Trübner, Strasbourg 1907), p. 424, s. v. Schuppose ⁿ ( online )
7. ↑ See the current distribution of the Schuppisser surname in Switzerland.
8. ↑ Josef Kaizl : The struggle for industrial reform and freedom of trade in Bavaria from 1799–1868: Along with an introductory overview of the development of the guild system and freedom of trade in Germany. Duncker & Humblot, 1880, p. 87 books.google.de
9. ↑ The Swiss place names that still survive today and those attested in older sources that go back to the Schuppose are dealt with in more detail in the Schweizerisches Idiotikon . Dictionary of the Swiss German language . Vol. 8 (Huber, Frauenfeld 1920), Col. 1040-1041, s. v. Schu (e) poss ( digitized version ), with details of the localities broken down by canton. For example, Schuppose, Schuppos, Schuppis, Schueppis, Tschuepis, Tschuoppis can then be searched in the online database in the portal of Swiss place name research and in the Swiss federal geoportal .