Scipione Breislak
Scipione Breislak (born August 16, 1750 in Rome , † February 15, 1826 in Milan ) was an Italian geologist of Swedish origin and since 1767 a member of the Piarist Order .
Life
Scipione Breislak studied philosophy and theology and taught mathematics and philosophy in Ragusa , in Rome physics at the Collegio Nazareno , at the seminar for philosophy in Nola and at the military academy in Naples .
In particular, he dealt with mineralogy and geology , such as the volcanic soils of Campania . In 1798 he published his important work “Topografia fisica della Campania” .
On a trip to Naples and France he met Georges Cuvier , Antoine François de Fourcroy and Jean-Antoine Chaptal . After his return he was for a long time director of an alum factory near Naples, in the vicinity of which, especially near Pozzuoli and Solfatara , he carried out geological surveys. He later lived in Rome and Paris until Napoléon Bonaparte appointed him inspector of saltpetre and powder manufacturing in the Kingdom of Italy .
In 1823 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh .
As namesake
The first dinosaur found in Italy, Scipionyx , was named after him in 1998, as Breislak had published the first scientific description of the limestone deposits in which the excellently preserved fossils of this genus were later found. A moon crater ( Breislak ) and a mineral ( Breislakite alias Ilvait ) are also named after him.
Works (selection)
- Topografia fisica della Campania , Florence, 1798.
- Introduzione alla geologia , Milan, 1811 (French 1819, German by Friedrich Karl von Strombeck 1819).
- Institutions géologiques , Milan 1818 = Traité sur la structure extérieure du globe , Paris 1822.
- Descrizione geologica della provincia di Milano , 1822.
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Breislak also Breislac, Scipio . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 2nd part. Publishing house of the typographic-literary-artistic establishment (L. C. Zamarski, C. Dittmarsch & Comp.), Vienna 1857, pp. 129-131 ( digitized version ).
- Luigi Gennari: Breislak, Scipione. In: Alberto M. Ghisalberti (Ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 14: Branchi-Buffetti. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 1972.
Web links
- Biography Scipione Breislak ( Istituto e Museo di Storia della Scienza ); (Italian)
- Publications by Scipione Breislak in the Opac des Servizio bibliotecario nazionale
Individual evidence
- ^ Biographical Index: Former RSE Fellows 1783–2002. Royal Society of Edinburgh, accessed October 12, 2019 .
- ↑ [Skippy the dinosaur]. Jeff Poling, 1998. Dinosauria On-Line (Dinosauria.com) ( December 19, 2011 memento on the Internet Archive )
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Breislak, Scipione |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Italian geologist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 16, 1750 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Rome |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 15, 1826 |
| Place of death | Milan |