Sergei Ivanovich Malzow
Sergei Ivanovich Malzow ( Russian Сергей Иванович Мальцов ; * 1810 in the Orjol governorate ; † December 21, 1893 July / January 2, 1894 greg. In St. Petersburg ) was a Russian landowner and entrepreneur .
Life
Malzow was the younger son of the noble landowner and factory owner Ivan Akimowitsch Malzow (1774-1853). His mother Kapitolina Mikhailovna, born Wyscheslavzewa (1778–1861), was the divorced wife of the poet Vasily Pushkin (uncle Alexander Pushkin ). At school, in addition to humanistic subjects, Malzow eagerly studied mechanics , chemistry , physics and foreign languages. He spoke French , English and German . Appropriately he entered the Chevalier Guard , became a cornet in 1830 and Porutschik in 1932 . In 1833 he was dismissed from service for health reasons and traveled abroad to get to know the modern mechanical engineering industry.
In 1834 Malzow entered the military again and became adjutant to Prince Peter von Oldenburg . When the prince founded the Imperial College of Law in 1835 , Malzow drew up the statutes and became director of the college. In 1849 Malzow left military service as major general to devote himself to family businesses.
After the death of his father in 1853 from cholera , Malzow took over the family inheritance, as his older brother had died in 1832. In 1854 Malzow joined the 1st merchant class. The family businesses included the Dyatkovo crystal glass factory, glassworks, beet sugar factories and underperforming ironworks . He acquired new factories and organized the production of new products for the Russian and foreign markets. For further development he founded the Malzow industrial and trading company based in Djatkowo. In Malzows plants in the provinces Kaluga , Oryol and Smolensk 100,000 people and produced machines worked all kinds, building materials, furniture and agricultural products. It had its own money , its own police , its own railroad with 202 versts length of the route and its own shipping . The treatment of workers exceeded Russian and Western standards. The main working day was eight hours. The workers received apartments with 3-4 rooms in permanent wooden or stone houses. Fuel and medical supplies were free. Singing and drawing were also taught in schools for boys and girls. Afterwards the five-year technical college could be visited, the Malzow University , whose graduates became directors and managing directors of the Malzow companies.
1874–1875, Malzow, on behalf of the railway department, signed a contract for the production of 150 steam locomotives and 3,000 railroad cars from local materials over the course of 6 years. Malzow invested more than 2 million rubles , built workshops, imported machines from Western Europe, built Siemens-Martin furnaces for melting spring steel not yet produced in Russia and hired masters under the direction of two French engineers . However, the railway department awarded contracts abroad without justification, so that in 1880 Malzow had products worth 1.5 million rubles in stock and he had to pledge his possessions in the Crimea .
Malzows wife Anastasia Nikolajewna (1820-1894) was the daughter of Prince Nikolai Jurjewitsch Urussows and friends with Turgenev , Natalja Puschkina-Lanskaja and Empress Marija Alexandrovna . She had stayed in St. Petersburg with the children and never missed a court ball. She spread the rumor that her husband was going crazy by singing with the farmers and wasting the money. In 1882 Malzow was declared insane. At the beginning of 1883 Malzow suffered an accident with serious head injuries on the way from Lyudinowo to Djatkowo, so that his recovery took half a year. During this time, the family obtained a judicial declaration of his incapacity, so that he lost his right to his property.
Malzow retired to his country estate in Simejis in the Crimea in 1884 and occupied himself with gardening. He published a second edition of Justus von Liebig's letters, published his 40-year projects to care for the people in famine and wrote essays on them during the famine in 1891. He died on a trip to St. Petersburg and was buried in the family crypt in Djatkowo .
Malzow's older sister Marija (1808-1897) married the general and politician Pawel Nikolajewitsch Ignatjew .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ А-н К .: С. И. Мальцов (некролог) . In: Всемирная иллюстрация . tape 51 , no. 1303 , 1894, pp. 43, 46 .
- ↑ a b c d РОСЛЯКОВ АЛЕКСАНДР: РЕКВИЕМ ПО МАЛЬЦОВУ (accessed June 28, 2017).
- ↑ Gus-Chrustalny : Мальцовы (accessed June 28, 2017).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Malzow, Sergei Ivanovich |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Мальцов, Сергей Иванович (Russian) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian landowner and entrepreneur |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1810 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Oryol Governorate |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 2, 1894 |
| Place of death | St. Petersburg |