Purveyor to the court

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Bavarian purveyor's sign at the Dallmayr headquarters in Munich
Gingerbread tin from a purveyor to the court from Pulsnitz
Advertisement for a chamber supplier from 1911
Hotel advertisement for a purveyor to the court from 1912
Advertisement from Leipzig from 1913
A purveyor to the court Sr. Majesty of the Emperor and King of Prussia
Advertisement from the purveyor to the court Joh.Heinrich Hantzsch from Dresden from 1910
Advertisement from a purveyor to the court from Dresden
Court supplier diploma to the master shoemaker Eduard Meier from March 7, 1895

A purveyor to the court is a company that enjoys special privileges for delivering goods and providing services to a court . This system still exists in monarchies , such as Great Britain , Thailand , Belgium , Sweden and Denmark . In individual countries, such as B. in the Netherlands , the title "Court Supplier" is an award that can be given to long-established companies across the country, regardless of the supply to the court, which meet certain other requirements, such as a traditional age, integrity or proposal of the local mayor.

The award of the purveyor to the court was not only beneficial for the supplier. In return, the monarchy secured (or secured) the support of the leading bourgeois commercial and industrial companies through this system of awards.

In German history, honoring the purveyor to the court was preceded by different conditions. They could therefore vary from state to state. Within the individual German states and later in the German Empire, the title purveyor to the court was always linked to various requirements, which were individually regulated by the respective kingdoms, grand duchies, duchies and principalities. In the following section, for example, more specific information is given for the former Kingdom of Saxony (see list of Saxon purveyors to the court ).

Usually only physical persons were honored with the title purveyor to the court. In this case, the title only applied to the person and not necessarily to a company at the same time. There were exceptions here, too, which were specified in more detail in the diploma awarded. There were also titles that only named a product and in no way related to the manufacturing company. A special case was always the closure of a business or even the death of a purveyor to the court. If the business or production was continued by a successor, the title did not automatically pass to the successor, but a new decision had to be made. However, if the title only concerned one of the company's products, the title could be continued upon request. The purveyors to the court were mostly classified according to their diploma. The diplomas were given the title "Court Supplier", unless another title (e.g. court goldsmith, court mouth baker, court organ builder, etc.) was noted. Not only the sovereign was able to award the title, but also some members of the “royal family” themselves. What is less well known is that the title of purveyor to the court was also available for sale. There are therefore many major differences that must always be considered individually.

Purveyors to the court in German states and territories

Stop

Hanover

see list of Hanoverian purveyors to the court

Hohenzollern (-Sigmaringen, -Hechingen)

see list of Hohenzollern court suppliers

Lippe Detmold

  • Hugo Julius , court photographer
  • Farina opposite - 1843 purveyor to the court of His Highness Paul Alexander Leopold Fürst zur Lippe

Nassau

  • Farina towards the court purveyor to His Highness Adolph Duke of Nassau in 1846

Kingdom of Bavaria

see list of Bavarian purveyors to the court

Kingdom of Prussia and the German Empire

see list of Prussian purveyors to the court

Kingdom of Saxony

see list of Saxon purveyors to the court

Kingdom of Württemberg

Since the early 20th century, the King of Württemberg has given the purveyors to the court a special coat of arms on which the black coat of arms holder on the left turns his gaze towards the viewer.

  • Paul Bertler, court jeweler since 1912
  • Jakob Braun and Albrecht Braun, stone work, Lonsee, February 25, 1914
  • Farina opposite , purveyor to the court of the King of Württemberg, Eau de Cologne - 1868 SM King Karl I.
  • Griesshaber, chocolate, Stuttgart
  • Hartwig & Vogel, chocolate and cocoa factory
  • Hof pharmacy , Stuttgart
  • Josef Hofer, trout farm (today Hofer Forellen GmbH ), purveyor to the court since 1908, Oberndorf am Neckar
  • L. Kauffmann, court photographer, Hinter dem Kurhaus, Bad Creuznach
  • GC Kessler & Co., Sektkellerei (today Kessler Sekt GmbH & Co. KG ) in Esslingen am Neckar , since 1881
  • Pfeiffer, grand piano and piano factory, Stuttgart
  • In 1881 Conrad Ruf was awarded the title of “court photographer” by the Grand Duke of Baden .
  • Eduard Schultze, company: Max Kögel was awarded the title of “court photographer” in 1895 by the Grand Duke of Baden .
  • "Samson", Budweis civil brewery
  • Paul Teufel, Royal Purveyor to the court (lithographer), Stuttgart
  • Theodor Krumm ( Tekrum ) since 1912
  • Theodor Zwicker (the elder), men's outfitter, Constance

Grand Duchy of Baden

see list of Baden court suppliers

Grand Duchy of Hesse

  • Carl Ofen , photographer, Schönbergerstrasse 10, Bensheim an der Bergstrasse
  • CH Busch, Potsdam
  • Johann Baptist Ciolina, Hugo Thiele Nachf., Appointed court photographer in 1892 by the Crown Princess of Greece, Princess Sophie of Prussia , in 1896 by the Queen of the Netherlands and in 1898 by the Landgravine of Hesse, Princess Anna of Prussia .
  • Otto Dahlem (fruit grower) , fine fruit supplier from Ibersheim
  • Max Erler , owner Johanne Marie, b. Quedenfeld, Franz Curt Quedenfeld, Hugo Erler, fur shop, Leipzig , Brühl 34–40, at other courts the title of purveyor to the court,
  • Farina opposite, 1866 court purveyor to HRH Grand Duke Ludwig III. of Hessen
  • August Füller, photographer, Hardtgasse 1, Worms
  • Ernst Hennigs, court photographer Sr. Highness of Count Ernst von Hessen, Friedrichstrasse 9, Kassel
  • Wilh. Risse, Hofphotographer, Bahnhof-Strasse No. 808 or No. 5, Marburg A / Lahn
  • Spalke Hof-Photographer, Wetzlar Goethebrunnen
  • Franz Tellgmann, court photographer Eschwege Hersfeld Bad Sooden
  • Heinrich Schneider (court jeweler), court jeweler of the Grand Duchy of Hesse, the jewelery shop still exists today in Leipzig, Altes Rathaus, Markt 1.
  • Hugo Thiele, Dresden, Frankfurt, court photographer Königl. Saxon. Hof-Photographer u. Court photographer I. d. Queen d. Netherlands, Ik Highness d. Duchess v. Albany, S. k. Highness d. Landgrave v. Hessen, S. Highness d. Duke v. Passau, S. Pass. D. Prince v. Waldeck-Pyrmont., Kaiserstrasse 29, Frankfurt a. M.
  • Heinrich Thomas, court photographer in Darmstadt
  • Heinsius + Sander , textile trader

Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (-Güstrow)

see list of purveyors to the court in Mecklenburg

Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

  • Deertz & Ziller, fashion store, Dresden , Prager Strasse 42,
  • Farina opposite the court supplier for Eau de Cologne to His Royal Highness Georg Friedrich Karl Grand Duke of Mecklenburg Strelitz in 1859
  • Hermann Jung, owner Alois Michael Pattis, tailor and tailoring shop for men, Dresden, König-Johann-Straße 19, (see advertisement).
  • Max Adolph Gustav Ritter, furniture manufacturer, Dresden, Canalettostraße 10
  • Willy Rudolph, owner of the company H. Mittenberger, Hofschneider, Dresden, Albrechtstrasse 1, was also Hofschneider at other farms

Grand Duchy of Oldenburg

  • Johannes Wilhelm Carl Eckhardt, textile cleaning, Oldenburg
  • Ernst Gätze, porcelain shop, Dresden , Wilsdruffer Strasse 16 and Feldgasse 15.
  • Hermann Haugk, owner Georg Alexander Paulinus Andorf, hats, Dresden , Prager Strasse 37.
  • Publisher Ad. Littmann, Oldenburg
  • Schlosscafé Rastede
  • Stedinger dairy cooperative
  • Ullmann, Heimtextilien, Oldenburg, (1881)
  • "AH Wächter" grocery store, later a textile trade
  • Adalbert Heinrich Zimmer, steel goods, Oldenburg

Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach, from 1877 also Grand Duchy of Saxony

  • Richard Albani, laundry, linen and trousseau shop, Wurzen , Barbaragasse 2, was also Kgl. Saxon purveyor to the court and purveyor to the court in the Duchy of Saxony-Altenburg
  • Farina opposite - Grand Ducal Saxon court supplier for Eau de Cologne 1855 to His Royal Highness Karl Alexander Grand Duke of Saxony Weimar
  • Hahn's successor, court photographer, Ferdinandstrasse 11, Dresden
  • Otto Hertel and his successor Hugo Müller, Großh. Saxon. Court photographer, Erbischestrasse 11, Freiberg
  • Hoh & Hahne, Inh. Richard Hoh and William Hahne, Photographische Apparate, Leipzig, Reichsstrasse 12, were also Kgl. Saxon. Purveyors to the court.
  • Louis Held , court photographer in Weimar
  • Sektkellerei GC Kessler & Co. (today Kessler Sekt GmbH & Co. KG ) in Esslingen am Neckar
  • Friedr. Kolby Herzogl. Saxon court photographer Plauen i / V. Rädel-Strasse 1.
  • FW Krause, Delicatessen and Wine Shop, Katharinen-Strasse 6, Leipzig , had the diploma purveyor to the court of the Grand Duke v. Sachsen-Weimar, was a purveyor to other courts.
  • Karl Theodor Müller, court jeweler, Weimar, Schillerstr. 5, gold and silver goods store
  • Lochow & Zimmermann, Pianofortefabrik, Strausberg
  • August Platzdasch, Sophienstraße 33, Eisenach (master shoemaker)
  • HR Pfretzschner - Purveyor to the Grand Ducal Saxon Court
  • Franz Vältl , court photographer in Weimar
  • Louis Werner, court jeweler of the Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, Berlin, Friedrichstrasse 190
  • Josef Worda - uniform and civil tailor

Duchy of Anhalt

  • Otto Buhlmann, glass shop, Leipzig , Eutritzscher Straße 16, was also a purveyor to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony,
  • Max Erler , owner Johanne Marie, b. Quedenfeld, Franz Curt Quedenfeld, Hugo Erler, fur store, Leipzig , Brühl 34-40, purveyor to Her Highness the Hereditary Princess Leopold von Anhalt, this company also had the title of purveyor to the court at other courts,
  • Ad. Hartmann, court photographer, Franz-Str. 25, Dessau
  • Hirsch & Co., Konfektion und Furze, Dresden , Prager Straße 6/8, also had court ratings at other courts
  • Pieperhoff farm studio, Alte Ulrichstr. 14, Magdeburg , has received several awards
  • Franz Kohn, court photographer, Sr. Highness of the Duke of Anhalt, Zerbst
  • Franz Körner, court photographer, Herzog Wilhelmstr. 51, Zerbst Roslau a. Elbe
  • FW Krause, Delicatessen- und Weingroßhandlung, Leipzig, Katharinen-Straße 6, was also a purveyor to other courts.
  • Hermann Mühlberg, Hosiery Factory, Dresden, Webergasse 32 and Scheffelstrasse 27, was also purveyor to the court at other farms.
  • Julius Nary, court photographer, Carlsplatz 29, Bernburg
  • Georg Schnaufer, jeweler, gold and silver goods, court jeweler, Dresden, Prager Strasse 5.
  • Ed. v. Spoenla, court photographer, Leopoldstr. 9, Coeten
  • Oskar Trinks, butcher and sausage factory, Dresden, König-Johann-Straße 12.

Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

  • Chr. Beitz Hof-Photographer Arnstadt Poststrasse
  • Moritz Elimeyer, court jeweler, Dresden , Jüdenhof 1, was also Kgl. Saxon. Court jeweler and court jeweler to the Queen of England.
  • Max Erler , owner Johanne Marie, b. Quedenfeld, Franz Curt Quedenfeld, Hugo Erler, fur shop, Leipzig , Brühl 34–40, purveyor to the court of your emperors. and Kgl. Hey d. Duchess Marie von Sachsen-Coburg and Gotha, this company also had the title of purveyor to the court at other courts
  • Wilhelm Feyler - purveyor to the court in 1907 (Bavarian gingerbread and pastry manufactory) to Her Imperial and Royal Highness Mrs. Duchess Marie of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Grand Duchess of Russia
  • Carl Grasser - supplier to His Royal Highness Philipp Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha
  • B. Münchs F. Grundmann's Nachf. Court photographer Sr. Hoheit d. Duke v. Sachs Cob. Gotha Gotha , Löwenstrasse 9 opposite the barracks
  • Rudolf Sommerhuber - since 1910 supplier to His Royal Highness Prince Ludwig of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha
  • Willy Rudolph, owner of the company H. Mittenberger, Hofschneider, Dresden , Albrechtstrasse 1, was also Hofschneider at other farms
  • Thuringian flag factory Chr. Heinr. Arnold, Coburg
  • Eduard Uhlenhuth (1853–?) Was an imperial-royal, grand-ducal-Russian and ducal-Saxon court photographer in Coburg
  • Ferd. Zinck, Herzogl. Hof-Photographer, Knappengasse u. Obere Allee, Hildburghausen

Duchy of Saxony-Meiningen

  • Company O & G Bartsch, owners: Otto Bartsch and Gertrud married Bartsch, flower and plant shop, Dresden , Prager Straße 6, purveyors to the court of your royal family. Hey the wife of the Grand Duchess of Saxony-Meiningen, were also royal. Saxon. Purveyors to the court,
  • Farina towards 1848 purveyor to the court of His Highness Bernhard Erich friend, Duke of Saxony Meiningen
  • Franz Köbcke, court photographer, Dresden, Reissigerstrasse 76, was also court photographer in the Kingdom of Saxony
  • A. and F. Naumann, court photographer, Leipzig, Dorotheenstrasse 6, was also court photographer at other courts.
  • Josef Pichler & Sons - Ducal Saxon Meiningen court hat manufacturer, Graz
  • L. Otto Weber, court photographer, Schlossplatz, Meinigen

Duchy of Saxony-Altenburg

  • Richard Albani, laundry, linen and trousseau shop, Wurzen , Barbaragasse 2, was also Kgl. Saxon purveyor to the court and purveyor to the court in the Grand Duchy of Saxony
  • Robert Börner, owner of the hotel "Hotel der Kaiserhof", was also a caterer , Leipzig, Georgiring 7, had the diploma purveyor to the court.
  • Gustav Böttger, pastry shop, Josephsplatz 9, had the diploma ducal court confectioner, Altenburg
  • LJC Caspar was also co-owner of the company FA Schütz, Teppiche, Leipzig, Grimmaische Strasse 10, had the diploma purveyor to the court.
  • Dresden school desk factory A. Lickroth & Co., owner Heinrich Leonhardt, Dresden , Strehlener Strasse 37, factory in Dresden-Niedersedlitz, was also Königl Sächs. Purveyor to the court,
  • Ernst Eberhardt, jeweler and goldsmith, Burgstrasse, had the diploma of the ducal court goldsmith, Altenburg
  • FW Krause, Delicatessen- und Weingroßhandlung, Leipzig, Katharinen-Straße 6, was also a purveyor to other courts.
  • PJFC Emmrich, Schneider, Dresden, Waisenhausstrasse 25, had the Hofschneider diploma.
  • Ernst Anton Gey was the owner of the company Carl Reinsch, Windkraftanlagen und Windkraftmotore, Dresden, Freiberger Straße 25/27, had the diploma purveyor to the court.
  • CHG Gregor was the owner of the company FW Krause, Weinhandlung, Leipzig, Katharinen-Strasse 6, and had the diploma as purveyor to the court.
  • Carl Haustein, hairdresser, Leipzig, Nicolai-Straße 1, had the diploma court hairdresser.
  • P. Guido Heinrich, Leipzig, Münzgasse 8, had the diploma purveyor to the court.
  • Johann Adam Herwig was also a co-owner of the company FA Schütz, Teppiche, Leipzig, Grimmaische Strasse 10, had the diploma purveyor to the court.
  • Julius Hirsch, Traiteur , Leipzig, Bayrischer Platz 2, had the diploma of farm trainee.
  • Arno Kersten, photographer, Albrechtstrasse 9, was a ducal court photographer from Altenburg
  • Franz Kunze, gardening, flower and plant shop, ducal court supplier, Altenburg
  • R. Lanzendorf, photographer, Bernhardstrasse 5, was a ducal court photographer from Altenburg
  • Heinrich Mau and Carl Mau, owner Johannes H. Mau, gold and silver goods, court jeweler, Dresden, Friedrichs-Allee 2, later Rungestraße 18, were also Königl. Saxon. Court jeweler, Prince Prussian court jeweler and KK Austrian chamber jeweler
  • A. and F. Naumann, court photographer, Leipzig, Dorotheenstrasse 6, was also court photographer at other courts.
  • Otto Stünzner, wine shop, had the diploma of ducal court supplier, Altenburg
  • Jacob Ludwig Weymuth, court hairdresser Sr. Hoh. d. Prince Albert v. Sachsen-Altenburg, was also court hairdresser Sr. Maj. D. King of Saxony and Sr. Kgl. Hey d. Prince Johann Georg, Dresden, Rähnitzgasse 22

Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein

  • Emil August Kletzsch, owner d. FW Gottlöber, successor to EW Niedenführ, Fleischer, Dresden , Prager Strasse 18, was also a purveyor to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony.
  • Jacques Pilartz ; Appointment as court photographer and purveyor to the court Sr. Königigl. Highness Prince and Princess Christian of Schleswig-Holstein by decree of April 5, 1898

Principality of Lippe-Detmold

Principality of Reuss older line

  • Max Erler , owner Johanne Marie, b. Quedenfeld, Franz Curt Quedenfeld, Hugo Erler, fur shop, Leipzig , Brühl 34–40, had the title of purveyor to the court at other courts,
  • August Michels, Seidenwaren-Wollstoffe, Berlin, Leipziger Strasse 96, had the diploma as purveyor to the court SD of Prince Reuss a. L.

Principality of Reuss younger line

  • Kühnrich & Co., housekeeping machines and refrigerator factory, Leipzig, had the diploma purveyor to the court of Princess Heinrich VII.
  • PA Zschau, Wagen and Vehicles, Leipzig, had the diploma as a court car manufacturer.

Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe

Advertisement from a purveyor to the court from Glauchau
Patent of the purveyor to the court in Schaumburg-Lippe, Carl Frerich (1894)
  • Fiedler & Vieweger, owner Otto Haußels, farm cocoa, chocolate, sugar confectionery and honey cake factory, Glauchau , Lindenstrasse 30 (see advertisement), was also purveyor to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony.
  • Chocolate factory Carl Meinecke, Steinhude
  • Feinkost Carl Frerichs, Minden - purveyor to the court of His Highness the Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe since 1894
  • JF Karthaus printer, Bonn
  • Tea shop FJ Seeger , Hanover
  • Meyer Frankfurter Hof photographer of your royal. Highness of the wife Princess Karl of Prussia. Wesel Viehthorstrasse 372.
  • Conrad Neu, Inh. Conrad Neu and E. Conrad Neu, Tailoring, Dresden, Breite Strasse 14.
  • Vollendorf Ophoven Hof-Photographer, Düren Oberstrasse 35

Principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt

The title of purveyor to the court was awarded to by the Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt

  • Richard Köhler, Pfefferküchler, Pulsnitzer Pfefferkuchen , Wettinstraße 6/8.
  • A. and F. Naumann, court photographer, Leipzig, Dorotheenstrasse 6, was also court photographer at other courts.
  • FJ Seeger, Hanover

Principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen

  • Richard Köhler, Pfefferküchler, Pulsnitzer Pfefferkuchen , Wettinstraße 6/8.
  • Gg. Chr. Em. Al. Krutzsch, underwear of all kinds, Leipzig, Grimmaische Strasse 32, had a purveyor's diploma.
  • Eduard Kühne, Erfurt, had a purveyor's diploma.
  • CBJ Mühlberg, Dresden, had a purveyor's diploma.
  • Hermann Mühlberg, Hosiery Factory, Dresden, Webergasse 32 and Scheffelstrasse 27, was also purveyor to the court at other farms.
  • JM Oberdörffer, Leipzig, Querstraße 13, was a court music dealer.
  • Fritz Schuhmann, photographer, Amalienstraße 1, Dresden, was a court photographer.
  • E. Ludwig Unolzen, bookstore, court bookseller, Dresden, Wallstrasse 6.

Purveyors to the court in other countries

Belgium

see list of Belgian purveyors to the court

Bulgaria

  • Emil Conrad Georg Sauer, Prince. Bulgarian court pianist and royal Saxon. Chamber virtuoso, Dresden, Hähnelstrasse 8
  • Zeiß & Co., Aug., Shannon Registrator Compagnie, office furniture and writing utensils dealership, Berlin; Branch: Dresden, Waisenhausstrasse 10, had received the diploma of a purveyor to the court.

Denmark

see list of Danish purveyors to the court

Greece

  • Julius Blüthner , Privy Councilor of Commerce, pianoforte manufacturer, resident in Leipzig, had received the diploma of purveyor to the court.
  • Carl Hausstein , master hairdresser, living in Leipzig, had received the diploma court hairdresser of the Crown Prince Constantin.
  • Roettig brothers , opticians, living in Dresden, Prager Strasse 5, had received the diploma of a purveyor to the court.
  • Otto Töpfer and his successor Carl Loose, military uniforms, civilian clothing and military effects shop, Leipzig, Schulstrasse 2, had received the diploma of a purveyor to the Crown Prince Constantin.

Great Britain

see list of British purveyors to the court

Italy

  • Paul Hauswald, baker, Dresden, Pirnaische Strasse 36, had received the diploma of a purveyor to the court of the Duchess of Genoa.
  • Lars Magnus Hofberg, Harmoniumbau, Leipzig, Klingen-Strasse 22, had received the diploma of a purveyor to the court of Queen Margherita.
  • Richard Korschatz, hats, Dresden, Altmarkt 6, had received the diploma of a purveyor to the court of the Duchess of Genoa.
  • Zeiss & Co., Aug., Shannon Registrator Compagnie, office furniture and writing utensils dealership, Berlin, had received a purveyor's diploma.

Netherlands

see list of Dutch purveyors to the court

Norway

  • Zeiß & Co., Aug., Shannon Registrator Compagnie, office furniture and writing utensils dealership, Berlin; Branch: Dresden, Waisenhausstrasse 10, had received the diploma of a purveyor to the court.
  • Carl Rönisch, Pianofortefabrik, Dresden, Wallgässchen 1 and Prager Straße 9, had received the diploma of Hofpianofortefabrikant.

Ottoman Empire

Austria-Hungary

see kuk court purveyor

Advertisement back of a photo from the studio of Josef Reitmayer, Tegernsee, Herzoglich Bayerischer and Herzoglich Anhaltischer Hofotograf

Portugal

  • P. Th. Franke , pianoforte manufacturer, residing in Leipzig, had received the diploma of a court pianoforte manufacturer.

Romania

Russia

Sweden

see list of Swedish purveyors to the court

Siam

  • Fritz Schumann, court photographer, residing in Dresden, was court photographer of the King of Siam.

Spain

  • Naumann's Pelzhaus, owner Ernst Naumann, Berlin, Passauer Straße 1
  • Willy Rudolph, owner of the company H. Mittenberger, Hofschneider, Dresden , Albrechtstrasse 1, was also Hofschneider at other farms

Turkey

  • Ernst Eugen Kaps , court piano manufacturer, Dresden.
  • Woldemar Türk, paper shop and office furniture, Dresden, Altmarkt 1.

Vatican state

  • Wilhelm Rauscher, Fulda, purveyor to the papal court and cathedral goldsmith
  • Rübsam, wax goods factory, Fulda, papal purveyor to the court
  • J. Heindl, art institute for church utensils paraments and flags as well as book and art shop, Austria , Vienna , Stephansplatz 5 (canon court), under the pontificate of Sr. Holiness Pope Pius XI. (1922–1939) J. Heindl was purveyor to the court of Sr. Holiness.
  • Schreibmayr company , embroidery, flags, vestments and church supplies, Munich , under the pontificate of Sr. Holiness Pope Pius XI. (1922–1939) the company Schreibmayr (owner was then Josef Püttmann) was purveyor to the court of Sr. Heiligkeit.

See also

swell

The information on the lapel regarding the prizes, medals and awards shown (court photographer) do not constitute evidence. The information may have been adopted by partners and / or predecessors without being indicated. The information on the lapel was used for advertising purposes only and is therefore unsuitable as evidence. The same applies to advertisements in address books etc. a.

  1. ^ Conditions for obtaining the title "Hovleverancier" in the Netherlands
  2. Österreichische Photographen-Zeitung , No. 6, 1908, SS 92 (court photographer title please).
  3. Advertisement from own collection in the article
  4. completed invoice form from 1918
  5. http://www.braun-steine.de/unternehmen/firmengeschichte/
  6. http://archiv-altshausen.de.tl/W.ue.rttembergische-Hofnahmanten-1850_1918.htm accessed on March 28, 2016
  7. https://hofer-forellen.de/index.php/geschichte.html accessed on March 28, 2016
  8. http://www.photospuren.de/ph_kauffmann.htm Photo and reverse a photo of L. Kauffmann from the private collection of the submitter
  9. Association and Personal News , in: Photographische Correspondenz , 18th Jg., 1881, p. 144.
  10. Association and Personal News , in: Photographische Correspondenz , 32nd year, 1895, p. 569.
  11. http://www.photospuren.de/ph_bscher.htm Photo and reverse a photo by Michael Bscher Kgl. Bayer. Court photographer Kempten from the submitter's private collection
  12. Tekrum
  13. Awarded 1881 ( Memento from September 30, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
  14. ^ Correspondence card from the company CH Busch, Potsdam, purveyor to the court Sr. Kgl. Highness of Prince Friedrich Leopold of Prussia and Sr. Kgl Highness of the Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine. CH Busch, 1900, accessed on September 16, 2011 (the date is approximate).
  15. Kleine Mittheilungen , in Photographische Correspondenz , 32nd vol., 1895, p. 99.
  16. Photographische Correspondenz , Volume 33, 1896, p. 605
  17. ^ Personal details , in: Photographische Chronik , 5th vol., 1898, p. 369.
  18. ^ Address book Leipzig from 1913
  19. http://www.fotorevers.eu/de/catalog2.php?details=1141
  20. http://www.photospuren.de/ph_hennings.htm Photo and lapel
  21. http://www.photospuren.de/ph_koerner.htm Photo and lapel
  22. http://www.photospuren.de/ph_spalke.htm Photo and lapel (private collection of the sender)
  23. http://www.photospuren.de/ph_ftellgmann.htm Photo and lapel (private collection of the sender)
  24. http://www.juwelier-heinrich-schneider.de/page/geschichte.html
  25. Thiele worked in Dresden until 1877, then in Frankfurt. The information on Hugo Thiele in the Deutsche Fotothek ( online ) does not give exact dates when the titles were awarded.
  26. http://www.photospuren.de/ph_thiele.htm Photo and lapel (private collection of the sender)
  27. Thomas, Heinrich. Hessian biography. (As of May 1, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  28. ^ Address book Dresden from 1917
  29. ^ Address book Dresden from 1917
  30. ^ Dresden address book from 1905
  31. Dresden address book from 1915
  32. http://www.textilreinigung-eckhardt.de/images/Firmengeschichte/firmengeschichte.html Awarded on May 30, 1903
  33. ^ Address book Dresden from 1917
  34. ^ Address book Dresden from 1917
  35. Wolfgang Gehrmann: Now it's over , in: DIE ZEIT , on June 5, 2008
  36. ^ Wurzen address book from 1911
  37. http://www.photospuren.de/ph_hahns.htm CDV and reverse of a photo (private collection of the submitter).
  38. ^ Address book of the city of Freiberg i. Sat from 1913
  39. ^ Address book Leipzig from 1917
  40. http://www.photospuren.de/ph_kolbyf.htm Photo and lapel (private collection of the sender)
  41. ^ Advertisement in the Leipzig address book from 1913.
  42. ^ Volker Wahl: Henry van de Velde in Weimar: Documents and reports on the promotion of arts and crafts and industry (1902 to 1915) . Böhlau Verlag Köln Weimar, 2007. Last accessed November 24, 2018.
  43. Märkischer Bote, special edition, 775 years of Strausberg, June 14, 2015
  44. ^ City book for Eisenach: 1929 . Kahle, 1917 ( google.de [accessed April 19, 2019]).
  45. Berlin address book from 1914
  46. ^ Address book Leipzig from 1913
  47. ^ Address book Leipzig from 1913
  48. http://www.photospuren.de/ph_hartmann.htm CDV and reverse of a photo (private collection of the submitter).
  49. Dresden address book from 1915
  50. http://www.photospuren.de/ph_pieperhoff.htm
  51. http://www.photospuren.de/ph_kohn.htm Photo and lapel
  52. http://www.photospuren.de/ph_koerner.htm Photo and lapel
  53. ^ Address book Leipzig from 1917
  54. ^ Address book Dresden from 1917
  55. http://www.photospuren.de/ph_nary.htm Photo and reverse a photos of Julius Nary from the private collection of the submitter
  56. ^ Address book Dresden from 1917
  57. http://www.photospuren.de/ph_spoenla.htm Photo and revers private collection of the submitter
  58. ^ Address book Dresden from 1917
  59. Photo and lapel (private collection of the sender)
  60. ^ Dresden address book from 1869
  61. ^ Address book Leipzig from 1913
  62. Photo and lapel (private collection of the sender)
  63. Dresden address book from 1915
  64. Eduard Uhlenhuth (photographer)
  65. Photo and reverse a photo of Ferd. Zinck from the submitter's private collection
  66. ^ Address book Dresden from 1917
  67. ^ Dresden address book from 1887
  68. ^ Address book Leipzig from 1917
  69. http://www.photospuren.de/ph_weber.htm Photo from 1903, with a dedication by Franz Hanika
  70. ^ Wurzen address book from 1911
  71. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  72. Guide through the capital and residence city of Altenburg from 1898
  73. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  74. ^ Address book Dresden from 1917
  75. Guide through the capital and residence city of Altenburg from 1898
  76. ^ Address book Leipzig from 1917
  77. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  78. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  79. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  80. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  81. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  82. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  83. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  84. Guide through the capital and residence city of Altenburg from 1898
  85. Guide through the capital and residence city of Altenburg from 1898
  86. Guide through the capital and residence city of Altenburg from 1898
  87. ^ Dresden address book from 1910
  88. ^ Address book Leipzig from 1917
  89. Guide through the capital and residence city of Altenburg from 1898
  90. ^ Dresden address book from 1910
  91. ^ Address book Dresden from 1912
  92. Photographische Correspondenz , Volume 35, 1898, p. 325
  93. ^ Address book Dresden from 1912
  94. ^ Address book Leipzig from 1913
  95. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  96. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  97. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  98. Glauchau address book from 1911
  99. http://www.photospuren.de/ph_meyerfrank.htm Photo and lapel (private collection of the sender)
  100. ^ Address book Dresden from 1917
  101. http://www.photospuren.de/ph_vollendorf.htm Photo and lapel (private collection of the sender)
  102. Gingerbread Museum Pulsnitz
  103. ^ Address book Leipzig from 1917
  104. Gingerbread Museum Pulsnitz
  105. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  106. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  107. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  108. ^ Address book Dresden from 1917
  109. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  110. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  111. ^ Address book Dresden from 1917
  112. Dresden address book from 1900
  113. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  114. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  115. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  116. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  117. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  118. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1905
  119. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  120. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1905
  121. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  122. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  123. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  124. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  125. ^ Address book Leipzig from 1917
  126. ^ Address book Dresden from 1917
  127. ^ Address book Dresden from 1917
  128. ^ Address book Dresden from 1917
  129. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  130. ^ Business card Naumann's Pelzhaus, owner Ernst Naumann, Berlin .
  131. Dresden address book from 1915
  132. ^ Advertisement in the address book of the purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony, Dresden from 1904
  133. ^ Address book Dresden from 1917
  134. ^ Advertisement from 1933
  135. ^ Advertisement from 1931

literature

  • Christoph Dörrenbächer: From purveyor to the court to global player. Corporate reorganization and national politics in the world telecommunications industry. edition sigma, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-89404-194-3 .
  • Ingeborg KIttel: The Lippe Court Suppliers. In: Stadt Detmold (Hrsg.): Detmold um 1900. (= special publications of the Natural Science and Historical Association for the Land Lippe , Volume 72.) Aisthesis, Bielefeld 2004, ISBN 3-89528-435-1 , pp. 157-183. (with references to the different procurement practices in different German countries)
  • Marita Krauss: The royal Bavarian purveyors to the court. Volk Verlag , Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-937200-27-9 .
  • Saxony under King Albert. Sächsischer Volksschriften Verlag Leipzig, Leipzig 1898.
  • Address book of purveyors to the court in the Kingdom of Saxony. Publishers of the address book to the court purveyors Dresden, Dresden 1905.
  • From the award medals of the former trade exhibitions and fairs to the court mouth baker or even court purveyors. In: Coins & Collecting , October 2014 edition.

Web links

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