Shabla
| Shabla (Шабла) | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
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| State : |
 Bulgaria
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| Oblast : | Dobrich | ||||
| Residents : | 3079 (December 31, 2018) | ||||
| Coordinates : | 43 ° 32 ' N , 28 ° 32' E | ||||
| Height : | 47 m | ||||
| Postal code : | 9680 | ||||
| Telephone code : | (+359) 05743 | ||||
| License plate : | TX | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Krastimir Krastew | ||||
Shabla ( Bulgarian Шабла ) is a city and a tourist resort in northeastern Bulgaria on the Black Sea . It is located in the Dobruja , on the E87 in the Dobrich Oblast and is the administrative center of the community of the same name Shabla.
geography
Shabla is located 8 km from the Black Sea, 8 km west of Cape Shabla ( 43 ° 32 ′ 23 ″ N , 28 ° 36 ′ 25 ″ E ), 30 km north of Cape Kaliakra , 72 km east of Dobrich and 20 km northeast of the City of Kawarna . To Varna , the largest Bulgarian city on the Black Sea, it is 68 km to the south.
history
Shabla was a Thracian settlement in antiquity , established in the 6th or 5th century BC. BC and was known by the Greek name Karon Limen (Karon Bay; Canon Limen or Karija). During the Roman times it grew and became a Black Sea port. The city flourished in the early phase of the Byzantine Empire , and a fortress has survived from this period (AD 400). The fortress was on the road from Kawarna (20 km south) to Mangalia (now Romania, 30 km north).
The place name Schabla was first mentioned in official written sources in 1573. Shabla was a village until 1964 and an urban-type settlement until 1969.
As in the whole of Dobruja, cereal crops thrive very well in the region around Shabla, thanks to the fertile soil and the mild climate. Shabla is now an agricultural center.
The city has given its name to Shabla Knoll , a mountain on Livingston Island in Antarctica , since 2002 .
Facilities
In Shabla there is a school, the Chitalishte "Sora", a "center for social rehabilitation and integration", as well as the church "Sw. Charalampos" ( Bulgar . "Св. Харалампий" ) - the saint's name day is celebrated with a liturgy on Committed February 10.
Every year in the first week of August the "Week of the Sea" is celebrated. The annual meeting of all villagers, family members and former villagers (Bulgarian Събор / Sabor, German: meeting) takes place annually on June 2nd.
Beach
Shabla Beach, Cape Shabla, is the easternmost point of Bulgaria.
Shabla lighthouse
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The Shabla lighthouse ( 43 ° 32 ′ 27 ″ N , 28 ° 36 ′ 21 ″ E ) is the tallest, oldest and most easterly located on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast. The white and red striped, octagonal lighthouse is 28.23 m high (according to other information: 23 m).
It is located in the middle of the ruins of a Byzantine fortress from the 4th century. The first lighthouse was built on this site between 1756 and 1786. The old lighthouse was rebuilt during the Crimean War (1853-1856) so that it got its current appearance. The lighthouse was only built from mortar bonded with stones, without any other supporting structures. The walls are in places 1.20 m thick. The "new" lighthouse was put into operation on July 15, 1856.
The Shabla lighthouse is 8 km east of Shabla, on Cape Shabla, where it warns of shallows between Cape Shabla and the village of Tjulenowo further south. It can be seen from 30 km (17 nautical miles ) away. The distance from the lighthouse to the Black Sea coast was 29 m in 1948, but shrank to 13 m by 1996 due to coastal erosion.
In the past, the lighthouse indicated to seafarers that they had reached roughly half the distance between the Bosporus and the Danube Delta. There are currently four people working 8-hour shifts in the Shabla lighthouse.
Central beach
Shabla has extensive white sandy beaches that were a popular holiday destination during the communist rule (until 1989). Now, however, due to the lack of tourist infrastructure and the increased demands of tourists, they are mainly only visited by individual tourists. The beach around the lighthouse is called Shabla Central Beach. This beach, to which there is a commuter service, is 8 km east of the actual city of Shabla. The connecting road between Shabla and the beach was built with EU funds.
On the main beach there is a large parking lot and many old bungalows, as well as a large restaurant. Nearby is the "Druschaba" campsite, which is more than 20 years old. After the disappearance of tourists from the Eastern Bloc countries , it is mainly visited by Bulgarians.
In the wider area around Shabla Beach, over 50 ships and submarines sank during the Second World War, some of the remains of which can still be seen.
South of the central beach there is a small memorial in memory of the "Fallen Soviet aviators in the Great Patriotic War" ( "Eternal fame and memory of those who fell in the war and a deep bow to the veterans ..." ) on May 7, 1944.
In the vicinity of Shabla, oil was drilled decades ago, and remains of it can still be found today in the form of small pipelines.
North beach
From the connecting road between Shabla and the central beach, a road branches off to the northeast to the north beach, which is also 8 km away from Shabla and has an extensive sandy beach. Lake Schablasee is located directly inland from the north beach . At the north end of the north beach are the remains of a small bunker. The square bunker has an area of around 15 m² inside, four loopholes and one meter thick concrete walls. The back is covered with sand.
Government residence
There is a residence of the Bulgarian government on Lake Schabla - the rest home of the Council of Ministers at Schabla. The government residence was built in 1970 on behalf of the Central Committee of the BKP in the style of a typical Dobruja farm. The architect was Datscho Georgiev, who was inspired by the motif of the "Dobruja farm " in the novel Das Gut an der Grenz (1939; bulg. Чифликът край граница / Tschiflikat kraj granizata; Felix Meiner Verlag, Leipzig 1939) by the well-known Bulgarian writer Jordan Jowkow appears.
During the hot summer months, the residence in Shabla was the preferred holiday residence of Todor Zhivkov during his long tenure (1951 to 1989). The much larger summer residence Evksinograd was in Varna and the drive to Shabla, for lunch, for example, was not very far. Another vacation residence of Todor Zhivkov was built around 1980 south of Cape Maslenos , an old small castle of the Bulgarian king in Borowez was also converted into a vacation residence of Todor Zhivkov, and he also had a government residence in Arbanassi, a village 4 km north of Veliko Tarnowo - also an old summer residence of the Bulgarian king.
Until the beginning of the 1990s, the coast around Lake Schabla was cordoned off with barbed wire and surrounded by observation towers because of the government residence Schabla.
This government residence for ministers and members of the Narodno Sabranie is located 4 km northeast of Shabla, directly on the eastern bank of the southern Shabla lake. The main building ( 43 ° 34 ′ 26 ″ N , 28 ° 34 ′ 5 ″ E ) has six apartments. There are two more government residence buildings on the beach. These luxurious VIP bungalows ( map ) are only open in the summer months, as additional staff are only employed at this time. Therefore, the residence can only accommodate 12 guests in the winter months.
The area of the residence covers 5 ha, a large part of the two lakes (Schablasee and Eserezsee) borders on the government residence Schabla. Even after the reunification in Bulgaria (1989), the residence was used by the Bulgarian government for recreational purposes. For example, Simeon Sakskoburggotski spent two vacations here during his time as Prime Minister. The resident is guarded by the Bulgarian National Guard Service (bulg. Национална служба за охрана; НСО; NSO) - the state personal protection for Bulgarian politicians.
Today, normal tourists can also find accommodation in the government residence, but only upon prior request with an exact date request, while requests for free dates are not answered.
Neighboring villages
A coastal road runs south from the lighthouse and the central Shabla beach. About 5 km further south you can reach the village of Tjulenowo , which lies directly on the sea, and another 5 km south of the village of Kamen Brjag . Between the lighthouse, the village of Tjulenowo and the village of Kamen Brjag, the Black Sea coast is predominantly rocky, sometimes with up to 10 m high field cliffs ( demolition coast ) made of limestone and rocky bays. After another 2 km to the south (12 km south of Schabla), directly on the coast, lies the nature and history reserve ( archaeological excavation site) Jailata (Bulgarian Яйлата ) with 4000 year old Thracian graves, an altar on which animals were sacrificed and stone houses. A Thracian sun altar was discovered at the entrance to the excavation site . Further north are the remains of a fortress from the early Byzantine period (5th century).
However, the coastal road turns a little inland at Kamen Brjag and continues via the village of Balgarewo to Kawarna . South of this coastal road is Rusalka , Bolata and Cape Kaliakra .
The village of Krapez (Dobrich Oblast) is located 10 km north of Schabla . 14 km north of Shabla is Durankulak with the Durankulak lake.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population by towns and sex. In: nsi.bg. Republic of Bulgaria - National Statistical Institute (NSI), April 12, 2019, accessed May 5, 2019 .