Sieberdstern

Sieberdstern
Sieberdstern ( Myriostoma coliforme )
Systematics
Class : Agaricomycetes Subclass : Phallomycetidae Order : Earth star-like (Geastrales) Family : Earth star relatives (Geastraceae) Genre : Myriostoma Type : Sieberdstern
Scientific name of the  genus
Myriostoma
Desv.
Scientific name of the  species
Myriostoma coliforms
Corda

The myriostoma ( Myriostoma coliform ) or screening star is a fungal art from the family of Erdsternverwandten (Geastraceae). It is the only species in its genus and is closely related to the earth stars .

features

The spore powder escapes through the numerous openings in the inner, spherical container.

Color plate from James Sowerby's "Colored Figures of English Fungi or Mushrooms" (1797)

Macroscopic features

The Sieberdstern has an outer and an inner shell (exo- or endoperidia). The outer, coarse leathery shell tears open like a star in 5–11 pointed lobes, exposes the inner part and lifts it out of the ground. When spread out, the outer shell reaches a diameter of 6–11 cm. The inner shell has a spherical to depressed shape and measures 2.3–4.5 cm in width. It is interspersed with several, approximately 1 mm large holes. The spore powder inside is brown.

Microscopic features

The spores measure (3.5) 4-5 micrometers and their surface is covered with cylindrical warts up to more than 1 mm high. The light brown hyphae of the scalp are 3–4 µm wide and thick-walled.

Species delimitation

The earth stars ( geastrum ) have fruit bodies with a very similar structure, but have only one opening in the inner shell at the apex, from which the spores can get into the open.

ecology

The fungus can be found in anthropogenic habitats in deciduous trees such as robinia , lilac or sloe and hawthorn . There it grows on sandy and loess soils with different lime content .

distribution

The Sieberdstern is widespread in Europe and in the Middle East and Central Asia to the Himalaya . In Africa it can be found in the north, east and south. It also grows in North and South America as well as Hawaii .

In Europe, the mushroom spreads from the Iberian Peninsula , central Italy, Bulgaria and the Ukraine to southern England, Belgium, the Netherlands and central Sweden. In Germany it is seldom to be found in the central Oder region, the Mittelmark and in the Magdeburg Börde . More recently it was also discovered in the Upper Rhine Plain near Käfertal and St. Ilgen . In the 19th century it was also found in Darmstadt .

literature

• German Josef Krieglsteiner (Eds.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 (Aphyllophorales, Heterobasidiomycetes, Gastromycetes; 626 pages, 175 illustrations on 15 plates).

Web links

Commons : Myriostoma coliforme  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ For example at Fungiworld , at Pilzseite.de or at the Reinhardtsgrimma mushroom museum, see the eleventh photo in the picture gallery in this picture report  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. of the Dresden Latest News. Retrieved on August 29, 2013  
2. ↑ Sabine Hebbelmann: A rare mushroom is back in St. Ilgen . Rhein-Neckar-Zeitung, August 27, 2013, accessed on September 25, 2018