Sofiko
|
Sofiko District Δημοτική Κοινότητα Σοφικού (Σοφικό) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|||
| Basic data | |||
| Country |
 Greece
|
||
| region | Peloponnese | ||
| Regional district | Corinthia | ||
| local community | Corinth | ||
| Parish | Solygia | ||
| Geographic coordinates | 37 ° 48 ' N , 23 ° 3' E | ||
| Height above d. M. |
410 m (average) |
||
| surface | 102.913 km² | ||
| Residents | 2009 (2011) | ||
| Population density | 19.52 inhabitants / km² | ||
| LAU-1 code no. | 42010401 | ||
| Local division | 6th | ||
| Post Code | 20004 | ||
_8.JPG) |
|||
_5.JPG)
Sofiko ( Greek Σοφικό ( n. Sg. )) Is a village and a municipality in the municipality of Corinth in Greece . Sofiko is located in a valley in the southeastern part of the Korinthia . The municipality of Sofiko includes Agios Vlassis, about 2 km to the east, the Agia Marina monastery, the two coastal towns of Pefkali and Frangolimano located 8 km to the northeast, and the coastal town of Kiourkati located about 10 km to the east.
description
Many traditional style houses have been preserved in Sofiko. The cross- domed church of Agios Georgios from 1700 is in Sofiko. In 2016 the church and the frescoes were restored. In the south, the single-nave Agios Charalambos basilica was added in the 19th century. About 400 m to the east is the church from 1780, which is consecrated to Saints Agios Nikolaos and Demetrios. The frescoes from the 18th century were influenced by the everyday life of the sofites.
In the western district of Kokkinia is the single-nave church Efangelismos tis Theotokou from 1842, renovated in 2001, with an iconostasis from 1847. Inside there is an important fresco showing Agios Eleftherios and by the hand of the Cretan hagiographer Nikolaos Vasilikis. About 200 m north on the outskirts of Kokkinia is the Taxiarches church from the 15th century, which is dedicated to the archangels Michael and Gabriel .
In the Larisi valley, about 3 km southwest, there are numerous other churches. The most important is the Taxiarches Church from the 12th century, a cross-domed church in the Byzantine style. The inner walls are adorned with frescoes from the 16th century, which come from the Cretan School . The Agia Triada Church from the 13th century is also located about 1 km south in the Larisi Valley. It is a single-nave church with a higher transept with large, old frescoes.
The monastery Kimiseos Theotokou Odigitria is about 900 m north of the village of Agios Vlassis. The catholicon of the monastery is a cross-domed church from the 12th century. According to archaeologist Anastasios Orlandos , the church was built on the foundations of an early Christian church. Parts of an ancient Aphrodite temple were used for the construction. Other architectural fragments of the temple can be found in the courtyard of the monastery. The frescoes were created between the 12th century and 1558. The iconostasis dates back to 1801. The important icon of Yperagia Theotokou Odigitria is kept in the church. 170 m south of the monastery, on the site of the former cemetery of the monastery, stands the single-nave church of Agia Paraskevi from 1617. The wall paintings date from 1737. The depiction of the so-called "dance of the boys" is significant.
About 1.5 km northeast of Sofiko on the mountain Tzalika or Tsaikas is the castle Tzalikas and 1 km west of it in a high valley is the theme park and youth camp The Ranch K. Skouras .
history
Already in classical times there was a settlement and a temple of Aphrodite near Sofiko around the monastery Koimisis Theotokou . This settlement was abandoned around the 10th century. In 1385, Arvanites , who had been driven from their homeland in southern Epirus by the Ottomans , settled here and founded the hill settlements Amygdalia and Velanidi. In the winter months they moved into quarters in the valley. Over time, permanent houses were built there and the Sofiko settlement gradually emerged. Around this time, the small castle was built on the 780 m high Tzalika.
When plans were made in December 1821 to hold the First Greek National Assembly in Sofiko, the residents prevented this as they feared reprisals from the Turkish authorities. On July 14, 1823, Sofiko became the headquarters of the revolutionary government until it was transferred to the island of Salamis on August 16, 1823 . During the Greek Civil War there were disputes between Panoutsos Notaras and Ioannis Notaras as to who should get Sofia Rendi as his wife. In the summer of 1826, Sotirakis Notaras, Ioannis' father, was imprisoned in Sofiko. Therefore Ioannis Notaras gathered 2,000 soldiers and besieged the place for eight days. When he finally conquered it, he destroyed the houses and burned the pine trees from which the residents extracted resin. On November 28, 1826, an embassy went to Hydra and asked for assistance in rebuilding the place.
In 1835 Sofiko was the seat of the municipality of Solygeia, which roughly corresponded to the present-day district of Sofiko. Sofiko was also officially called Solygeia at that time, as it was assumed that the ancient city of Solygeia was located here. Today the ancient city is located about 9 km northwest near the place Galataki . During the Second World War , the Italian military occupied the village in June 1941, which withdrew in October 1943 after the Italian surrender.
Development of the population
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1835 | 1529 |
| 1991 | 1774 |
| 2001 | 926 |
| 2011 | 2009 |
Structure of the city district
- Sofiko district (Δημοτική Κοινότητα Σοφικού) 2009
- Agios Vlassis (Άγιος Βλάσσης) 38
- Kiourkati (Κιουρκάτι) 48
- Moni Agias Marinas (Μονή Αγίας Μαρίνης) 31
- Pefkali (Πευκάλι) 204
- Sofiko (Σοφικό) 1,679
- Frangolimano (Φραγκολίμανο) 9
Worth knowing
A Sofiko station of the same name is located on the İstanbul Sirkeci – Swilengrad railway in Thrace .
