Solanum anomalostemon
| Solanum anomalostemon | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Solanum anomalostemon | ||||||||||||
| Dunal |
Solanum anomalostemon is a species of the genus nightshade ( Solanum ).
description
Solanum anomalostemon is a dwarf subshrub or herbaceous plant with a height of 30 to 50 cm. Thanks to a woody taproot , from the base of which the plant branches out, it survives as a perennial plant . The branches are robust and more or less upright and hairy with dense glands. The sympodial units usually have two, rarely three or four leaves , which are not in pairs. They are 1.5 to 3.5 (rarely only 1) cm long and 1.5 to 2.5 (rarely only 1) cm wide. They are divided into three parts to pinnate, the outline is more or less triangular to ovoid. The leaves are thick and succulent and hairy on both sides with glandular and non-glandular trichomes. The three (rarely five) leaflets are often not clearly defined, but are connected to a wing made of leaf tissue. The lateral leaflets are 1 to 2 cm long and 0.5 to 0.8 cm wide. If there are five partial leaflets, the lower ones are significantly smaller and only 0.2 to 0.5 cm long and about 0.2 cm wide. The leaf base runs down the leaf axis and is usually crooked. The edges are jagged all over to irregularly, the tip is cut off. The upper leaflet is 1.2 to 2 cm long and 0.7 to 1.1 cm wide and is always larger than the lateral leaflets. The base tapers towards the leaf axis, the edges are jagged irregularly, the tip is cut off. The leaf axis is furrowed and hairy densely glandular.
The inflorescences are between the nodes . They consist of two flowers and are densely hairy with glandular and non-glandular trichomes. The inflorescence stalks are 1 to 2 cm long, the flower stalks 0.5 to 0.7 cm. They are strong and measure about 1 mm in diameter and, like the rest of the inflorescence, are densely hairy. The buds are spherical to slightly depressed spherical. The flowers are always complete. The calyx has a calyx tube less than 0.5 mm long, which is open cup-shaped. The calyx lobes are 2 to 3 mm long and 1 to 1.5 cm wide at the base. They are elliptical to slightly spatulate and densely hairy on both sides with non-glandular trichomes. The crown is colored white and measures 1.5 to 1.7 cm in diameter. It is lobed 1/3 to 1/2 of the length, the corolla lobes are 0.3 to 0.5 cm long and 0.3 to 0.4 cm wide at the base. They are triangular in shape and somewhat bell-shaped when they bloom. In the middle of each corolla lobe three distinct veins can be seen, which darken as they dry.
The five stamens are identical and fused to about 0.5 mm to form a tube. The free-standing area of the stamens measures about 1 to 1.1 mm. The anthers are 2.5 to 3 mm long and 2 to 2.1 mm wide, heart-shaped and thickened on the back and densely papillosome . At the base there are lobes about 0.5 mm long, the tip is elongated with a beak about 1 mm long. The anthers open through longitudinal slits, which are initially recognizable as pores at the tip. The ovary is conical and densely papillary. The stylus is 4.5 to 5 mm long and about 1 mm in diameter. It is hairless, strongly curved at flowering time and has an approximately 1 mm large, head-shaped and densely papillary scar .
The fruit is a spherical berry with a diameter of 1 to 1.4 cm. The pericarp is shiny and dries black or orange-brown and becomes brittle. The flower stalks enlarge on the fruit to 1.2 to 1.5 cm in length, measure 0.1 to 0.15 mm in diameter and are bent back. The ten to 20 seeds are almost egg-shaped to kidney-shaped. They are 3 to 3.1 mm long and 1.9 to 2.1 mm wide. The edges are slightly thickened, the surface has convex cells that are not humpbacked.
Distribution, locations and endangerment
The species is widespread in southern Peru and grows there on rocky and loamy, dry slopes at altitudes of about 2800 m. It is only known from four collections, all of which are located within a radius of 20 km. For inclusion in the Red List of Threatened Species of the IUCN , the status "endangered" is suggested due to the limited distribution.
supporting documents
- Sandra Knapp and Michael Nee: Solanum anomalostemon (Solanaceae), an Endangered New Species from Southern Peru with Unusual Anther Morphology . In: Novon , Volume 19, 2009. pp. 178-181. doi : 10.3417 / 2007108