Solanum sanchez-vegae
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Photo from the first description of Solanum sanchez-vegae |
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| Solanum sanchez-vegae | ||||||||||||
| S.Knapp |
Solanum Sanchez-vegae is a plant type from the genus of Solanaceae ( Solanum ). Within the genus it is classified in the Dulcamaroid clade . The species was first described by Sandra Knapp in 2010.
description
Vegetative characteristics
Solanum sanchez-vegae is a woody liana or a loosely growing shrub with a length of up to 6 m. The stems are hairless or sparsely haired with loosely tangled, little branched, 1 to 1.5 mm long, consisting of a few cells trichomes . The young shoots are hairy or occasionally almost hairless. The bark on older branches is bald and is reddish brown in color.
The sympodial units consist of several leaves . These are simple, 5 to 12 (rarely only 2.5) cm long and 2.5 to 5 (rarely only 1.3) cm wide, narrowly elliptical and fleshy to membranous. The base is pointed to wedge-shaped, towards the front they are pointed. The leaf margin is entire, usually rolled back. The upper side of the leaves is hairless, the underside is hairy along the veins and sometimes also on the leaf blade with up to 1 mm long, loosely standing trichomes. Eleven to 14 pairs of primary veins go from the midrib. On the edge of the leaf there is a vein around the leaf for about a third of the way to the center of the leaf. All leaf veins are sunken on the upper side of the leaf. The leaf stalks are 1 to 3.5 mm long, strong, hairless to sparsely hairy. They often dry in the dark.
Inflorescences and flowers
The inflorescences are terminal, up to 15 cm long and are very wide, so that their outline is spherical. They are heavily branched near the base and contain 50 to 100 flowers . They are hairless or sparsely hairy with loose, branched trichomes. The peduncle is up to 1 cm long, the pedicels are 1.2 to 1.5 cm long, slender and 0.5 to 1 mm in diameter at the base and 1 to 1.2 mm in diameter at the tip. At the time of flowering, the stems are protruding, they are hairless or very sparsely hairy and bent like a joint at the base. They leave a clear cone about 0.5 mm long. They are at irregular intervals and can also stand in groups, the distances between the flower stalks are 0.5 to 10 mm. The buds are initially spherical and later become elliptical. Even before blooming, the crown protrudes well beyond the calyx tube .
The flowers are five-fold and always fully developed. The calyx tube is 1 to 1.5 mm long, cup-shaped, but tapers sharply from the flower stalk. It is covered with 1.5 to 2 mm long, broadly triangular and irregularly split calyx tips. These are hairy at the tips with tiny, up to 0.5 mm long, branched trichomes. The crown is colored purple and measures 1.9 to 3 cm in diameter. Its shape is star-shaped to star-shaped-pentagonal, it is lobed on about half the length. The calyx lobes are 8 to 10 mm long and 4 to 7 mm wide. At flowering time, they can be flat or slightly bell-shaped. At the tip and the edges they are densely covered with papillae , on the inside the hair extends a little way down the central vein of the petal.
The tube formed from the stamens is shorter than 0.2 mm, the free-standing part is 0.75 to 1.5 mm long, hairless and shiny. The anthers are yellow, 4.5 to 5 mm long, 1.5 to 2 mm wide; at their base they are arrow-shaped. They open through pores at the tips, which later enlarge into slits. The ovary is hairless, it bears a 7 to 10 mm long, hairless and shiny stylus with a cephalic and two-split stigma , the surface of which is finely papilous.
Fruits and seeds
The fruit is a spherical, black berry with a diameter of 1.2 to 1.5 cm. The pericarp is thin and dull. The stalks are nodding when the fruit is ripe, they lengthen to a length of 1.6 to 2 cm, the tip widens to a diameter of about 7 mm. The calyx is lignified, the calyx tips are up to 5 mm long and are paler at the edges. Each fruit contains four to six seeds . These are flattened kidney-shaped, reddish brown, 5.5 to 6 mm long and 3 to 4 mm wide. The seed surface is finely grained, the cells of the seed wall have a round, rectangular outline.
Distribution and locations
The species occurs in the Andes in northern Peru , south of the Huancabamba Depression in the middle of the Marañón Valley . It can be found there in cloud forests and mountain forests at altitudes between 2500 and 3200 m.
Botanical history and etymology
The species was first described by Sandra Knapp in May 2010 . The publication took place in the journal “PLoS One”, which only appeared in electronic version, which was the first time in this form. Since the version of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) in effect at the time of publication did not provide for such a form of publication, eleven printouts of the article were sent to various libraries and to the International Plant Names Index (IPNI) at the same time as it was published on the Internet . With the publication, the journal's author and publishers dare to make a move to change the ICBN. A corresponding application is to be submitted by Sandra Knapp at the International Botanical Congress 2011 in Melbourne, Australia.
The type copy was collected on June 19, 1964 by PC Hutchison and JK Wright. The epithet honors Don Isidoro Sanchez-Vega for his contribution to the study of the flora of northern Peru.
literature
- Sandra Knapp: Four New Vining Species of Solanum (Dulcamaroid Clade) from Montane Habitats in Tropical America . In: PLoS One , Volume 5, Number 5, e10502, May 2010. doi : 10.1371 / journal.pone.0010502
- Daniel Cressey: Linnaeus meets the Internet . In: Nature News , published online on May 5, 2010, accessed on January 1, 2011. doi : 10.1038 / news.2010.221
