Sturgeon waterway

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The Stör-Wasserstraße (StW) is a 44.7 kilometer long shipping route in the west of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . It is designated as a federal waterway of waterway class I and includes the Stör Canal , the Stör and the Schweriner See with Heidensee and Ziegelsee, including their navigable connecting routes. The Stör once formed the only surface drainage from Lake Schwerin. With the construction of the Wallensteingraben (formerly Viechelnsche Fahrt ) on the north bank of the lake, an artificial drain was added. Stör and Störkanal lead their water into the Müritz-Elde waterway .

Waterway

Schweriner See as part of the Stör waterway
Sturgeon waterway

Discharge at the Banzkow OP
A Eo gauge : 351 km²
Location: 11 km above the mouth 		NNQ (often)
MNQ 1959–2013
MQ 1959–2013
Mq 1959–2013
 MHQ 1959–2013
HHQ (03/15/1966) 		0 l / s
163 l / s
1.35 m³ / s
3.8 l / (s km²)
 3.58 m³ / s
6.14 m³ / s

Legally, the Stör waterway belongs to the Müritz-Elde-Wasserstraße (MEW). Responsibility lies with the Lauenburg Waterways and Shipping Office .

The kilometrage begins at 0.00 kilometer at the confluence with the MEW at 56.00 kilometer and runs uphill. The Stör Canal represents the first section (km 0.00 to 11.00). The Stör (km 11.00 to 20.00) begins at the upper Schleusenvorhafen in Banzkow and ends at Lake Schwerin (divided into: Inner Lake, Paulsdamm Canal, Outer Lake ), through which the waterway runs to its northern end at Hohen Viecheln (km 20.00 to 44.70).

The Stör waterway also includes: the 6.9 km long Ziegelsee (ZgS) with Stangengraben, Heidensee , Werder Canal and Wickendorfer Canal / Langer Graben.

The only drop step with weir and ship lock on the Stör waterway is in Banzkow . They regulate the water level of Lake Schwerin. Depending on the water level of the lake, watercraft can overcome a drop of around 0.7 to 1.2 meters.

The long-term mean flow rate of the Schweriner See over the Stör is 1.35 m³ / s. The minimum flow rate is set at 0.5 m³ / s.

Course of disturbance and disturbance channel

Map of the Lewitz with sturgeon and Stör Canal

sturgeon

The sturgeon emerges from Lake Schwerin near Raben Steinfeld
Bascule bridge over the Stör in Plate
The Stör Canal joins the Müritz-Elde waterway at the Eldedreieck

Coming from Lake Schwerin, the Stör originally flowed very curvy through the flat and wide river valley, past the community of Plate and on to Banzkow . The river bed up to the Banzkower canal level today corresponds to the original, but straightened course of the Stör river. The remains of the old sturgeon bed from Banzkow downstream, which ran in an arch towards Goldenstädt , dried out, overgrown, only carried water during heavy rainfall and disappeared during the renovation work in the Lewitz in GDR times.

Jamming channel

The Störkanal begins with the Banzkower canal stage. In the upper water of the step, the Mühlengraben branches off, which forms the Banzkow armor with weir. From this in turn, piped for the first few meters, water is directed into the New Canal , which begins here .

From the only ship lock on the waterway since 1950, the Stör Canal runs in a straight line through the Lewitz, a landscape protection area, feeds the Krutopp-Settiner ponds on the right at Friedrichsmoor and on the left the clinker ponds in the Fischteiche nature reserve in the Lewitz and flows north of Neustadt-Glewe am Eldedreieck into the Müritz-Elde-Wasserstraße.

The dead straight course from Banzkow was created from 1708–11 through the expansion and extension of the raft ditch to the Elde. Culverts lead the water of crossing drainage ditches under the canal.

history

As early as the 16th century, the Stör was used as a transport route for wood from the Lewitz, so that the expansion of the water began at that time. The main lock in Banzkow was completed in 1566 , and there was a flood lock in Plate. The dukes Johann Albrecht I and his brother Ulrich commissioned Tilemann Stella with the creation of a navigable connection between the Baltic Sea and the Elbe through Lake Schwerin. The construction of the Elde Canal (today: Elde Side Canal ) between Dömitz and Eldena was completed in 1572, whereupon the section between Eldena and Schweriner See began, which was completed by 1576. Already on May 19, 1573, Stella and the ducal commissioners drove from Schwerin to Dömitz. The new waterway called Störkanal was created around 1709 with the creation of a new water bed by extending the former raft ditch from Banzkow in the direction of Elde to the Klinker Bach. Since the middle of the 18th century, water has been derived from the Stör Canal for the Ludwigsluster Canal , which is used to operate water features in the Ludwigsluster Palace Park .

Since the city of Schwerin was in an unfavorable location in terms of traffic, in addition to making the dilapidated northern connection of the Schweriner See to the Baltic Sea, the Wallensteingraben , navigable, a further expansion of the Stör, which was only partially navigable in the 18th century due to shallow water, was planned. However, initiatives always failed because of the costs, until in 1831 a stock corporation tackled and financed the project for the southern waterway. Due to economic interests, even the city of Schwerin, which was in constant financial distress, subscribed to shares worth 3,000 Reichstalers. Since the company's financial resources were insufficient, the Stör was straightened and widened from Lake Schwerin to Banzkow, but was only expanded to an insufficient depth, which initially did not stand in the way of revitalizing inland shipping. In the 1830s, the Stör Canal was expanded with dams to improve navigability, so that the water level is higher than the surrounding area, and directly on the Friedrich-Franz Canal, a part of the Müritz-Elde that bends east of the Elde at the Eldedreieck to the south -Waterway, connected.

With the opening of the first railway lines around 1850, the transport increasingly shifted to the rail and the income of the stock corporation from lock money declined, so that they were no longer sufficient for the maintenance of the river structures. The insolvent company dissolved in 1858 and the management of the waterway went to the Grand Ducal River Construction Commission, which was only able to carry out the most necessary maintenance measures. At the urging of landowners who were primarily interested in cheap inland transport of their grain, the state parliament decided in 1890 to re-expand the southern waterways and subsidized it with 50,000 marks. The Stör Canal had been navigable with ships up to a draft of 1.05 meters and a maximum load of 125 tons since 1897. However, also under the influence of the landowners, the expansion of the Wallenstein Trench failed because competition from foreign timber and grain imports was feared. By resolution of the state parliament, the Elde-Stör connection was deepened again at the beginning of the 20th century, so that the maximum load could be increased to 200 tons. The demands of a grain trading company from Schwerin in the 1920s for an expansion for ships with a load capacity of up to 400 tons, which would have saved the costly reloading of the goods in Dömitz, were not implemented.

Until around 1950, water was directed from the Stör Canal into the Breite Graben at the so-called central lock, which was located between Banzkow and the confluence and was once used to regulate the water level . Coming from Banzkow to this point, water flowed from the Schwerin lake, on the opposite side the water came from the direction of Elde, which at the time had a water level 70 centimeters higher than the Stör Canal. A chamber lock was located about 100 meters before the current confluence of the Stör Canal. With the equalization of the water levels of Stör and Elde between 1948 and 1951, the dilapidated lock was demolished and the Stör Canal led away most of its water into the Müritz-Elde waterway.

The economic importance of the waterway declined after 1990. It is mainly used by pleasure boats and excursion boats. In 2009, 5383 watercraft were locked in Banzkow.

literature

  • Burkhard Fellner: The Störkanal. A troublemaker divides the Waldlewitz. In: Fascination Lewitz. A natural paradise in Mecklenburg. ISBN 978-3-9811338-0-6 , pp. 96-103.
  • Ralf Ottmann: The Lewitz-With adjacent areas - A natural pearl in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. (With articles about the protected areas in and around the Lewitz area, the bird world, the beaver, the dragonfly fauna, the butterfly fauna, the flora, the flowing waters, the towns and villages on the edge of the Lewitz, as well as the most beautiful cycling routes). Illustrated book, hardcover, 562 pages. Publisher: Naturforschende Gesellschaft Mecklenburg e. V. and Ralf Ottmann, ISBN 978-3-00-041609-5 .

Web links

Commons : Stör-Wasserstraße  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Directory E, serial no. 35 der Chronik ( Memento of the original from July 22, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Federal Waterways and Shipping Administration @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wsv.de
  2. ↑ a b German Hydrological Yearbook Elbe Region, Part III 2013. (PDF) ISSN 0949-3654. Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, Hamburg Port Authority, p. 137 , accessed on October 4, 2017 (German, at: dgj.de).
  3. ↑ Lengths (in km) of the main shipping lanes (main routes and certain secondary routes) of the federal inland waterways ( memento of the original from January 21, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Federal Waterways and Shipping Administration @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wsv.de
  4. ↑ The Elbe from the mouth of the Havel to the Geesthacht weir ( Memento of the original from December 14, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. - International Commission for the Protection of the Elbe (PDF file) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ikse-mkol.org
  5. ↑ The Elbe from the mouth of the Havel to the Geesthacht weir ( Memento of the original from December 14, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 9.4 MB) in The Elbe and its catchment area , International Commission for the Protection of the Elbe, 2005 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ikse-mkol.org
  6. ↑ a b FELLNER p. 98f.
  7. ↑ Geodata viewer of the Office for Geoinformation, Surveying and Cadastre of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania ( information )
  8. ↑ a b FELLNER p. 98
  9. ↑ Hans Mulsow, Origin and Development of Lewitz , Diss. Rostock 1941 ( Memento from April 6, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (masch.schr .; PDF; 5.8 MB) together with a picture attachment ( Memento from April 6, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 709 kB)
  10. ↑ FELLNER p. 99
  11. ↑ Website of the municipality of Banzkow ( Memento from October 5, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  12. ↑ a b B. Kasten and J.-U. Rost: Schwerin. History of the city. , Schwerin 2005, p. 125ff.
  13. ↑ FELLNER p. 98 and 103
  14. ↑ Müritz-Elde and Stör-Wasserstraße on the website of the Lauenburg Waterways and Shipping Office

Coordinates: 53 ° 27 '44 "  N , 11 ° 38' 25"  E