Nature reserve fish ponds in the Lewitz

Nature reserve fish ponds in the Lewitz IUCN Category IV - Habitat / Species Management Area
Carp ponds and Müritz-Elde waterway
location	North-east of Neustadt-Glewe in the Mecklenburg district of Ludwigslust-Parchim
surface	1767.0 ha
WDPA ID	14354
Geographical location	53 ° 26 '  N , 11 ° 37'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 26 '28 "  N , 11 ° 36' 57"  E
Sea level	from 31 m to 35 m
Setup date	July 22, 1938

The nature reserve Fischteiche in der Lewitz is located in the west of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania within the landscape protection area Lewitz in the municipal areas of Neustadt-Glewe , Tramm and Spornitz in the district of Ludwigslust-Parchim .

The nature reserve established on July 22, 1938 (7137 ha) and reduced in size on April 30, 1963 consists of two sub-areas. It has a total area of ​​1767 hectares. The purpose of the designation is to protect a pond landscape used for fishing as a breeding, moulting , resting and wintering area for bird species, some of which are endangered.

The state of the area is classified as unsatisfactory, since maintenance measures at the ponds and the Müritz-Elde waterway were at the expense of the reeds, shrubs and trees. Furthermore, brooding cormorants were scared in the past because they impaired the economic success of the pond fishermen. Its former importance as one of the most important meadow breeding areas in Germany was lost during the GDR era when the wet meadows were converted into seed grassland.

The areas are part of the EU bird sanctuary Lewitz.

An overview of the fish ponds is possible from the bridges that lead over the Müritz-Elde waterway. The Green League has been running the nature conservation and environmental education project in Lewitz since 1997 with guided tours and nature conservation work.

structure

Swans on the Friedrichsmoor carp ponds

The nature reserve is divided into two areas:

• Northern partial area:
  • the pieces of land overgrown with deciduous forest Neuenbuchenhorstwiese , Im Hakeisen , Auf der Blanke and Kleiner Wulfshorst
  • the approximately 90 hectare brahms and gull ponds, which were no longer cultivated after 1990 and are therefore overgrown with reeds
  • the clinker ponds
  • the Krutopp-Settiner ponds
  • adjacent meadows
  • Sections of the rivers of Stör Canal and Klinker Canal

• Southern partial area:
  • Friedrichsmoor carp ponds
  • Neuhöfer carp ponds (with the exception of small areas to the east)
  • the original course of the Elde in this area
  • the Müritz-Elde waterway that flows through the ponds and is designed as a high canal (here also: Friedrich-Franz-Kanal)
  • adjoining meadow areas

history

In the middle of the 19th century, the Stör Canal and the Müritz-Elde waterway in today's protected area were expanded to create high canals above ground level. Parts of the Waldlewitz were converted into meadow land. At the end of the 19th century, remote and low-yield areas were increasingly unleashed and uncultivated. Around 1900, pond management was established through dikes and flooding of meadow areas with the aid of the adjacent shipping routes. The drainage was ensured by deeper ditches. Up to the Second World War, the area made up about 500 hectares and was initially a maximum of 50 cm deep, which caused heavy reed growth and required reed cutting work. Even then, carp were raised in the ponds . By 1958, the pond areas were expanded to a total of 870 hectares. In the 1980s, smaller ponds were merged and the pools were deepened to about four feet. From then on, technical systems supplied oxygen and fodder, which led to significant increases in yield (1945: 100 kg / ha, 1959: 400 kg / ha, 1989: 1000 kg / ha). With the fall of the 1990s, the fish stock was reduced and 90 hectares of the pond area were no longer managed.

Flora and fauna

Young sea ​​eagle in the NSG fish ponds in the Lewitz

In Neuhöfer pond and parts of Friedrichsmoorer Karpfenteiche there are reeds stocks of vulgar reeds , water vapors , sweet flag , arrowhead , water bowel and marsh sedge . There are numerous cattails and cane grass in the gull and brahm ponds that are no longer used for fishing. To the south of the Friedrichsmoor ponds, on the gentian meadow , you will find whistle grass , brook clove root , swamp yarrow , meadow elephant , swamp horn clover , caraway silge , devil's bite , bloodroot and lung gentian . The north-western edge of the nature reserve is formed by deciduous forests with red beech , English oak , birch , sycamore maple and hornbeam .

The fish ponds are, among others, mute swans , marsh harriers and Tableware and tufted ducks used as a breeding area, regularly of bitterns , small Coot , bearded tits and throttle warblers . For example, the middle woodpecker and the miniature flycatcher breed in the forests . Various bird species use the pond area as a moulting and resting place. Two breeding pairs of ospreys and sea ​​eagles look for food here. Last but not least, frogs find spawning areas.

literature

• Fish ponds in the Lewitz 59 . In: Ministry of Environment Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Hrsg.): The nature reserves in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . Demmler-Verlag, Schwerin 2003, ISBN 3-910150-52-7 , p. 652 f .
• Burkhard Fellner: Origin of Wiesen- and Teichlewitz in the fascination of Lewitz. A natural paradise in Mecklenburg. , ISBN 978-3-9811338-0-6

Web links

Commons : Nature reserve fish ponds in the Lewitz  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Information on the EU bird sanctuary with extensive details
• Map portal environment of the State Office for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Geology Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania ( information ) with geodata

Individual evidence

1. ↑ BfN script: Symposium Kormorane 2006 (PDF, 4.7MB) p.10ff  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
2. ↑ Development of the bird world since 1900
3. ^ Standard data sheet for the EU bird sanctuary in Lewitz
4. ↑ Project sketch nature conservation and environmental education in the Lewitz / Lewitz project of the GREEN LIGA ( Memento of December 23, 2005 in the Internet Archive )
5. ↑ Biotope arch, wet fallow land rich in sedges in the south of the Friedrichsmoor carp ponds