Marsh sedge

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Marsh sedge
Swamp sedge (Carex acutiformis)

Swamp sedge ( Carex acutiformis )

Systematics
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sourgrass family (Cyperaceae)
Genre : Sedges ( Carex )
Type : Marsh sedge
Scientific name
Carex acutiformis
Honor

The swamp sedge ( Carex acutiformis Ehrh. , Syn .: Carex paludosa Good. ), Also known as the sharp-edged sedge , is a member of the sourgrass family (Cyperaceae) that is widespread and mostly common in Central Europe .

description

The swamp sedge is a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of about 30 to 120, sometimes up to 150 centimeters. The upright growing plant forms very long, strong and thick and deep rhizomes . The newly created rhizomes are white with whitish lower leaves that are longer than the limbs. Older rhizomes are yellowish with brownish, rapidly fading lower leaves. The flower stalks are sharp, triangular and rough on top. The margins of the gradually tapered leaf blades are turned back (creased leaf ). They are 4 to 9, sometimes up to 18 mm wide, flat and green. The leaves are typically blue-green and lined underneath, and very rough on the upper side. The base of the shoot is blunt-triangular and red. The leaf sheaths are triangular, red and very high. The anterior vaginal wall is white-skinned and extremely fibrous. The upper edge is deeply curved downwards. The ligule are bluntly rounded.

The inflorescence reaches lengths of over 30 centimeters. This sedge belongs to the group of sedges of different ages in which the ears of the two sexes are shaped differently. The upper mostly two to three male ears are thick, elongated in shape. They have blunt lower bracts. The lower two to three female ears are densely flowering, sessile or short-stalked, about 2 to 6 inches long, 7 to 8 millimeters thick, upright and roll-shaped. The lowest bract often protrudes very far beyond the inflorescence. The husks are prickly and red-brown with a light central nerve. The fruit sacs are egg-shaped or oblong-egg-shaped, compressed, 4 to 5.5 millimeters long and dark green to yellowish in color. They are narrowed into a short beak. The ovary is three-veined.

The swamp sedge blooms from May to June.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 78.

ecology

The swamp sedge is a rhizome geophyte or a swamp plant . The thick, cylindrical male inflorescences produce a particularly high level of pollen . Vegetative reproduction takes place through the underground foothills . The fruits experience a swimming spread. Fruit ripening is from July to August.

Occurrence

Marsh sedge ( herbarium evidence )

The swamp sedge occurs from Scandinavia to southern Europe . Their distribution area covers from Europe and the Mediterranean area to Kashmir. After North America , the sedge was introduced. It is a Eurasian-suboceanic-sub-Mediterranean flora element . In Austria the species occurs absent-mindedly, while it is more common in Switzerland . It is widespread in Germany in the entire area and is mostly common and stock-forming. However, it is absent in the silicate areas; otherwise it appears absent-minded. It rises up to 2000 m in the Alps . In the Allgäu Alps, it reaches its upper limit at 1720 m above sea level on Schlappoltsee in Bavaria.

The swamp sedge grows in large sedge areas , intermediate moors , wet meadows and alluvial forests . It prefers wet, temporarily flooded, nutrient- and base-rich, moderately acidic, humus-rich peat and clay soils . In Central Europe it occurs mainly in Alno-Ulmion, Alnion and Magnocaricion societies, but occasionally forms its own stocks.

use

The species is like the Slim-sedge ( Carex acuta ) a two cuts delivered spreading plant .

literature

  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 7th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1994, ISBN 3-8252-1828-7 .
  • Asmus Petersen: The sour grasses. Keys to determination in the flowerless state. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1989, ISBN 3-05-500257-1 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 .
  2. ↑ a b c d Ruprecht Düll , Herfried Kutzelnigg : Pocket dictionary of plants in Germany and neighboring countries. The most common Central European species in portrait . 7th, corrected and enlarged edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01424-1 .
  3. ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Carex acutiformis. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved October 16, 2016.
  4. ↑ a b c Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . 2nd Edition. tape 5 : Swan flowers to duckweed plants . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .
  5. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 282.

Web links

Commons : Marsh Sedge ( Carex acutiformis )  - Album containing pictures, videos and audio files