Great moor nature reserve near Darze

NSG Großes Moor near Darze IUCN Category IV - Habitat / Species Management Area
Waters in the NSG Großes Moor near Darze (2012)
location	Rome , Granzin and Obere Warnow , Ludwigslust-Parchim district , Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , Germany
surface	193 ha
Identifier	N 110
WDPA ID	14388
Geographical location	53 ° 30 '  N , 11 ° 54'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 29 '43 "  N , 11 ° 54' 11"  E
Setup date	November 22, 1978

The nature reserve Great Moor at Darze is about 193  hectares wide conservation area in the district of Ludwigslust-Parchim in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern nine kilometers northeast of Parchim . It is named after Darze, a district of the municipality of Rome , which lies south . It was placed under protection on November 22, 1978 with the aim of protecting and developing a nutrient-poor moor with typical flora and fauna.

location

The nature reserve is located in the area of ​​the three municipalities of Rome , Granzin and Obere Warnow . In the past, the Moor grouped according to their assigned nearby villages next Darze in the Wozinkler (in the district Grebbin the Granziner and Obere Warnow) Stralendorfer Moor. The list of the four neighboring villages already shows that the extent of the moor is not insignificant. The Great Moor lies in a basin about three kilometers long and two kilometers wide, which was formed during the last glaciation of Mecklenburg. During the period of reheating, the meltwater collected in the basin to form a lake and with the first silting up, the moor began to grow due to dead plants.

In 1988 the first work on the construction of a nature trail began. Thanks to the collaboration between the Parchim Forestry Office, the district nature conservation officer and the environmental authorities, the educational trail was opened to the public on the 1997 Environment Day.

history

The Great Moor remained almost treeless due to the high water content. A rain bog formed , which was up to seven meters thick of peat. In the south of the Great Moor, an area of ​​water called Dasser See developed, in which excess water collected. It was drained over the Wocker south to the Elde .

The first records of the Darzer See reflect the ownership structure. In 1472, the Mecklenburg Duke Heinrich pledged his share of the local pond to the farmers in Granzin . The Dobbertin monastery secured most of the lake. Darze had been a monastery village since 1466 and in the surrounding villages the monastery owned farms with shares in the lake. Around 1745 people began digging peat on the Stralendorfer Moor . For the city of Parchim, peat was of great importance as a fuel. In 1782 the city of Parchim bought the village of Stralendorf with the Darzer See from the Dobbertin monastery. In 1783 the lake was drained and drainage ditches were created. Today's Darzer Moor was formed through the direct influence of people. The Schmettausche map shows the areas free from forests in 1788.

The peat mining began and from then on shaped the landscape between Stralendorf and Darze. In Stralendorf, the town of Parchim set up a farm for a peat keeper, and individual farms near the moor were already trading in peat. An extensive peat extraction took place in the years from 1860 to 1890. The peat was cut down to the groundwater. With the introduction of powerful pumps, peat mining was continued and after both world wars it was booming again, despite the reduced quality. In 1957, when the bog was almost completely removed, mining was stopped entirely.

The Darzer Moor began to be used for agriculture. Woods were planted on dry locations and the areas were grazed. Trenches were dug and a pumping station built to drain the areas. After the desired success did not materialize, a 150 hectare area of ​​the Darzer Moor was declared a nature reserve in 1978. It was not until 1994 that the conservationists initiated the renaturation of the moor.

Flora and fauna

The flora of the moor was not always the same in Darze either. From July 15 to 23, 1866 the Hamburg botanist CT Timm stayed in Parchim and also visited the Darzer Moor. He wrote u. a. The area around the Darßer Moors, including the Granziner oaks, is characterized by a wealth of Juniperus comunis, Genista tinctoria, Cirsium acaule, Dianthus deltoides. Calla palustris also occurred. Some of these plants can still be found today.

In the meantime, all kinds of typical bog plants have settled here again. In the central part of the moor there is still original high moor vegetation with swamp porst , cotton grass , cranberries and blackberry as well as peat moss . Pipe grass , downy birch and pine grow adjacent .

The great cunning spider lives in the Darzer Moor. With her long hairy legs she can run at high speed. It can also move on the surface of the water. If it is on the hunt for prey, it can easily submerge to catch small fish. Its poison bite kills the prey in a few seconds, but is harmless to humans.

Breeding birds include the bittern , snipe , lapwing , crane , greylag goose , reed warbler , marsh tit , marsh harrier , kingfisher and tawny owl . During an inventory 65 different bird species were counted.

The otter was also found in the bog ponds and the grass snake and adder are native here. The population of the beaver (Castoridae) is also increasing. He finds enough food and protection, especially around the areas of the peat extraction areas.

Literature and Sources

literature

• Walter Dahnke: The great moor near Darze. Parchim 1955.
• Large moor near Darze: In: The nature reserves of the districts of Rostock, Schwerin and Neubrandenburg. 1980, pp. 53-54.
• Paul-Oskar Seese: The Darzer Moor. Painting and graphics. Schwerin 1998. ISBN 3-933781-09-4
• Burghard Keuthe: Parchimer legends. Part III, Goldberg-Lübz-Plau. Schwerin 1999 ISBN 3-933781-12-4
• Great Moor near Darze 110 . In: Ministry of Environment Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Hrsg.): The nature reserves in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . Demmler-Verlag, Schwerin 2003, ISBN 3-910150-52-7 , p. 512 f .
• Large moor near Darze: In: The nature reserves in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. 2003, pp. 512-513.
• Hans-Jürgen Gottschalk: Immersed in attractive motifs. SVZ, Mecklenburg-Magazin, October 14, 2016.

Printed sources

• Mecklenburg record book (MUB)
• Mecklenburg Yearbooks (MJB)

Unprinted sources

• State Main Archive Schwerin (LHAS)
  • LHAS 3.2-3 / 1 Provincial Monastery / Monastery Office Dobbertin. 7.6.7 Improvement No. 3380 Drainage of the peat bogs on the Darze, Granzin and Stralendorf field marks. Contains u. a. Clearance and deepening of the border trench between Darze and Stralendorf, including a site plan 1833, Nivellement 1881, sketch of a flood lock for the main drainage ditch of the Darz and Granziner peat bogs 1883. 1773–1883.

Web links

Commons : Great Moor nature reserve near Darze  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Map portal environment of the State Office for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Geology Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania ( information ) with geodata

Individual evidence

1. ^ Paul-Oskar Seese: The Darzer Moor. 1998, p. 1.
2. ↑ MUB II. (1864) No. 1142.
3. ^ Walter Dahnke: The peat extraction. 1955, p. 21.
4. ↑ ^{a b} Hans-Jürgen Gottschalk: Immersed in charming motifs. SVZ, Mecklenburg-Magazin, October 14, 2016.
5. ↑ Walter Dahnke: The flora of the Darzer Moors. 1955, p. 15.
6. ↑ Biotope sheet NSG Großes Moor near Darze (PDF; 30 kB)