Bollenberg nature reserve near Gothmann

53.3581 10.7604Coordinates: 53 ° 21 ′ 29.2 " N , 10 ° 45 ′ 37.4" E

Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania

Feb. 2011: on the way in the NSG Bollenberg, during high water

The nature reserve Bollenberg near Gothmann was a 50 hectare nature reserve in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania not far east of the eponymous place Gothmann near Boizenburg / Elbe . It was placed under protection on May 15, 1990 with the aim of preserving an inland dune.

The nature reserve was in the Mecklenburg Elbe Valley Nature Park .

Today the area is located in the UNESCO - Biosphere Reserve Riverine Landscape Elbe-Mecklenburg-Vorpommern . With the passing of the "Law on the Biosphere Reserve River Landscape of the Elbe Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania" on January 15, 2015, the large protected area was divided into core, maintenance and development zones in order to implement the national criteria for the recognition and review of UNESCO biosphere reserves in Germany (Section 6 BRElbeG MV). At the same time, with Article 7 of the law "Repeal of legal provisions", the national protected area ordinances and resolutions etc. a. to landscape and nature reserves as well as to the nature park "Mecklenburgisches Elbetal", so that these protected area categories no longer exist within the biosphere reserve. The areas of the nature reserve have been given the status of care zone in the UNESCO Elbe-Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania River Landscape Biosphere Reserve.

history

The area lies in the glacial valley of the Elbe . The castle with the name Castrum wotmunde , which was only built in 1181 by Bernhard I von Ratzeburg to protect the Elbe ford on the Bollenberg, was destroyed in 1201, 1208 and 1214 by Danish troops under King Waldemar II and was not rebuilt afterwards. Archaeological excavations in the 1960s revealed three corresponding fire profiles, the first near the surface, the second about 60 centimeters deep and the third at 100 centimeters, nothing below. The fire profiles each showed a large scattering of fragments from spherical pot ware , extremely fine, influenced by Vivianite . These ceramics have been dated between 1208 and 1224. Dendro data is not available. In 1980, RICHTER suspected the Franconian Delbende castle from the year 822 on the Bollenberg. The excavation results were not known to him.

In section 9 of the Schmettauschen map , the Bollenberg is misleadingly referred to as Schloss Berg , which can lead to confusion with the Boizenburger Schloßberg on the high bank of the Elbe. There was also a castle there.

The Wiebekingsche map shows that even in 1786 Sude at Gothmann led to the Elbe. Uses of the Bollenberg were limited to isolated pastures and attempts at reforestation.

Flora and fauna

In the area there are still poor grasslands , which are surrounded by immigrant trees of pine , oak and birch . Blue schiller grass , dune fescue , knotless grass lily and rare mosses and lichens occur.

literature

Bollenberg near Gothmann 148 . In: Ministry of Environment Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Hrsg.): The nature reserves in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . Demmler-Verlag, Schwerin 2003, ISBN 3-910150-52-7 , p. 672 f .

Web links

Commons : Former nature reserve Bollenberg near Gothmann - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ Annales Stadenses 1214

↑ Willi Bastian, Burgwallaufnahme Mecklenburgs (unpublished), LHA Schwerin, documents of the State Office for Land Monument Preservation, quoted from: Siegfried Spantig: Das castrum Wotmunde , in: ders .: Im Rad der Geschichte. Local history from the Boize to the Sudebogen. , Eichenverlag, Hagenow 2003, pages 35-39

^ Walter Richter, Der Limes Saxoniae on the eastern bank of the Elbe , ZSHG 1980 (Volume 105), page 21 f.

[1] Annales Stadenses 1214