St. Clemens (Wissel)
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The Catholic parish church of St. Clemens is a listed medieval church building in Wissel , a northern district of the city of Kalkar on the left Lower Rhine .
History and architecture
The former collegiate church of the Counts and Dukes of Kleve was built around 1150 as a three-aisled vaulted basilica . The nave has three double yokes in a linked system , the transept three square yokes, and the choir with five-sided termination has one yoke. The choir is flanked by two towers in the corners to the transepts. Between clerestory and arcades the nave shows up like openings. These lead into the roof space of the aisles .
Instead of the Romanesque apse, a five-eighth closure was built in the first half of the 15th century . At the same time, the choir bay was partially renewed and closed with a ribbed vault. In the years 1844–1847 a restoration by building inspector Carl Gottlieb Heermann took place. The tuff facing and the cornices on the exterior were replaced. When the interior was repaired in 1954/1955, the neo-Romanesque painting from the late 19th century was removed and the structural system in visible tuff stone with plastered walls and vaulted caps was left.
Outside the building is divided by circular arc Friese and flat pilasters on nave clerestory , the cross ship and the chorus edge towers with Rhombendächern are completed over brick gables. The transept fronts are structured similar to the church of Knechtsteden Abbey with a setback, corner and central bars, which is also similar to the arrangement of the choir-flank towers.
The interior shows cruciform main pillars with belts and cross vaults in the central and transepts, the strong ribbon ribs of which start on oblique rectangular templates. The fighters cranked around the templates were replaced in 1844 except for the two in the western corners behind the organ. The vaulting with ribbon ribs is similar to that in the Marienkirche in Utrecht and Maastricht .
The elevation of the wall in the central nave is structured by arched separating arcades, coupled arched panels and upper cladding windows moved together in pairs, similar to the collegiate church in Elten . In the side aisles with groin vaults, there are rectangular templates with wide straps on the main pillars and semicircular services and straps on the longitudinally rectangular intermediate pillars. There are small hollow niches in the west wall of the south aisle.
Furnishing
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A sacrament niche from the end of the 14th century and a sandstone wall cupboard for altar devices from the beginning of the 15th century are arranged in the choir . The late Romanesque baptismal font from the 12th century made of Baumberger sandstone consists of a flat, round basin over a square base and a central cylinder equipped with four animal figures. A tendril with palmettes and a frieze in which small heads appear in pairs are arranged on the basin . A font of a similar type can be found in the Protestant church of Voerde - Götterswickerhamm .
A late Gothic Vespers picture from around 1530 is attributed to Heinrich Douvermann , as it is related to a Vespers picture from Afferden (Netherlands), which is now in the Museum Het Valkhof in Nijmegen .
The wooden pulpit from around 1700 is decorated with half-figure reliefs of the evangelists on the basket and with figures of Saints Liuthard and Clemens in the acanthus tendrils of the staircase. A three seat made of oak with a renewed end of the canopy completes the equipment.
organ
The organ was built in Kevelaer in 1876 by the master organ builder Wilhelm Rütter . Part of the organ case dates from the 15th century. The slider chest instrument has 19 stops on two manuals and a pedal . The playing and register actions are mechanical.
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P
literature
- Reclam's Art Guide Germany, Volume III, Rhineland and Westphalia. 1975, ISBN 3-15-008401-6 , S: 744.
- Claudia Euskirchen et al. (Ed.): Dehio-Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, North Rhine-Westphalia I, Rhineland. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-422-03093-X , p. 1188 f.
- Thomas Frings : Designed upheavals. Churches in the diocese of Münster between redesign and conversion . Dialogverlag, Münster 2007, ISBN 978-3-937961-69-9 , pp. 32–35.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Reclam's Art Guide Germany, Volume III, Rhineland and Westphalia. 1975, ISBN 3-15-008401-6 , p. 744.
- ↑ Information on the organ
Coordinates: 51 ° 46 ′ 17.3 ″ N , 6 ° 17 ′ 13 ″ E