St. Laurentius and St. Vincenz (Backemoor)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
St. Laurentius and St. Vincentius

The church of St. Laurentius and St. Vincentius is located in Backemoor , in the East Frisian community of Rhauderfehn . The basic substance of the Romanesque brick church goes back to the first half of the 13th century. The church probably owes its construction to the fact that Backemoor was probably the meeting place of the councilors from the entire Overledingerland during the times of the Frisian freedom . Patron who gave it its name is possibly Laurentius of Rome .

history

Bricked up south portal

St. Laurentius and St. Vincentius goes back to an apse- church, which was built in the first half of the 13th century at the meeting place of the councilors (judges, the "sixteen") from all over Overledingerland . In the 15th century the west tower was built on the church. The nave was shortened a little and the old portals - two in the south, one in the north - were walled up. The thick walls, loopholes and a fireplace on the west tower suggest that it was used as a defensive tower. Since then, the entrance has been in the basement of the tower. A wooden hollow ceiling was installed in the 18th century.

Today, in addition to church services, concerts are held in loose succession in the church, organized by choirs of the parish. There is also the series Early Music in Backemoor , which is organized by the Kulturring Rhauderfehn.

description

View of the east apse
West tower

St. Laurentius and St. Vincentius is an apse hall church. The brickwork of the nave in Wendish formation rests on a flush base made of granite ashlars and is without structure. The nave was originally longer towards the west and had smaller windows, of which the middle of the apse windows has been preserved in its original state. All others have changed over time. The immaculately preserved hagioscope in the inner wall of the apse is walled up on the outside and is distinguished in the masonry by new bricks and lighter grouting.

The west tower has a gable roof and is decorated with a stepped gable and rising pointed arch friezes. The walls were built in blocks.

Interior

Interior to the east

The wall paintings in the apse arch date from the pre-Reformation period. They were uncovered during the church renovation in the 1970s and show palmettes, trees of life and mythical creatures. The winged altar with scenes from the New Testament, the pulpit made of oak and a brass chandelier were donated by a wealthy citizen of the community and made in 1701/1702. The painting of the altarpiece goes back to the model of the altar of the Rhauder church , possibly created by Tönnies Mahler from Leer around 1663 . The inventory of the church also includes a cup with a dedication by the founder: Behrend Harms Buchmeyer Hausmann zu Schatteburg bequeathed this cup to Backemoor in 1841 in his will .

organ

Organ of the Church of St. Laurentius and St. Vincentius

The organ was built in 1783 by Johann Friedrich Wenthin from Emden . It has twelve registers on a manual and an attached pedal . The instrument has largely been preserved in its original condition and has the only original gamba register from the 18th century in East Frisia. The organ shows style elements from the Baroque . This includes the division of the prospectus into a high central tower with low flanking side towers, separated from each other by two-story flat fields. The curved cornices and carvings, on the other hand, can be assigned to the Rococo .

In 1887 Johann Diepenbrock renewed the keyboards and bellows and replaced one and a half wooden registers with new ones. The company P. Furtwängler & Hammer replaced both reeds in 1934 . In the course of the church renovation in 1972 the organ was relocated. In a first restoration phase, the repair and provisional overhaul of the plant took place in 1973/74. From 1978 onwards, the main work was carried out by the Alfred Führer organ builder from Wilhelmshaven, which was completed in 1982 with the reconstruction of the reed registers. The condition of 1783 was decisive. The marbling of the paintwork that was exposed again is considered unique in East Frisia.

In 2008, necessary repairs and other restoration measures were carried out by the Dutch company Mense Ruiter. The trumpet 8 'was corrected and the Vox angelica reconstructed. The wind pressure was increased significantly according to newly acquired knowledge and the pipework was toned accordingly. The disposition of the nationally important organ is:

Manual C – c 3
Drone 16 ′ F.
Principal 8th' W.
Gedact 8th' W / F
Viola de gamba 8th' W.
Octav 4 ′ W.
flute 4 ′ W.
Nassat 3 ′ W.
Octav 2 ′ W.
Cornett III 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′ W.
Mixture IV 1' W.
Trumpet 8th' F / R
Vox angelica 8th' R.
W = Johann Friedrich Wenthin (1783)
F = Alfred Führer (1978/82)
R = Mense Ruiter (2008)
  • Action :
    • Tone action: mechanical
    • Stop action: mechanical
  • Wind supply:
    • Wedge bellows with a small front bellows
    • Wind pressure: 91 mm water column
  • Mood :
    • Pitch a 1 = 463 Hz
    • Well-tempered mood (according to Young)

See also

literature

  • Hans-Bernd Rödiger, Menno Smid : Frisian churches in Emden, Leer, Borkum, Mormerland, Uplengen, Overledingen and Reiderland , volume 3. Verlag CL Mettcker & Söhne, Jever 1980, p. 101.
  • Backemoor. Ev. Church of St. Lawrence and Vincentius. In: Georg Dehio : Handbook of German Art Monuments . Bremen Lower Saxony. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 1992, ISBN 3-422-03022-0 , p. 147.
  • Hermann Haiduck: The architecture of the medieval churches in the East Frisian coastal area . 2nd Edition. Ostfriesische Landschaftliche Verlags- und Vertriebs-GmbH, Aurich 2009, ISBN 978-3-940601-05-6 , p. 45, 52, 214, 216, 219 .
  • St. Laurentius and St. Vincenz in Backemoor - a church leader of a different kind. Ev.-luth. Parish Backemoor-Breinermoor 2019 ( preview )

Web links

Commons : St. Laurentius and St.Vincentius (Backemoor)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Working group of local chronicles for the East Frisian landscape : Backemoor, Rhauderfehn municipality, Leer district (PDF file; 41 kB), accessed on March 14, 2019.
  2. ↑ a b c d Monika van Lengen: St. Laurentius and Vincentius Church with Organ , accessed on March 14, 2019 (PDF).
  3. ^ Parish Rhauderfehn: Evangelical Lutheran Church Backemoor , accessed on March 14, 2019.
  4. ^ Ingeborg Nöldeke: Hidden treasures in East Frisian village churches - hagioscopes, rood screens and sarcophagus lids - overlooked details from the Middle Ages . Isensee Verlag, Oldenburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-7308-1048-4 , p. 139 f.
  5. ^ Genealogy forum: Backemoor ( Memento from June 9, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
  6. ↑ See the restoration report by Fritz Schild: Denkmal-Orgeln. Documentation of the restoration by Organ Builders Guide 1974–1991. Florian Noetzel, Wilhelmshaven 2005, ISBN 3-7959-0862-0 , pp. 12-22.
  7. ↑ Reinhard Ruge (NOMINE eV): Backemoor, St.Vincenz und Laurentius - Organ by Johann Friedrich Wenthin (1783) , accessed on March 14, 2019.

Coordinates: 53 ° 11 ′ 14.6 "  N , 7 ° 31 ′ 21.5"  E