St. Nikolai (Grevesmühlen)

St. Nikolai in Grevesmühlen: on the far left is the beginning of the neo-Gothic choir, then the added neo-Gothic fourth yoke with a large window, the third yoke with a large window from 1872 and the second yoke, which again shows two reconstructed Gothic pointed windows after the northern vestibule was dismantled in 1969 . The old stock is also marked by the white frieze above the window.

Triumphal cross (around 1430), above in the triumphal arch the frieze with the twelve apostles

The town church St. Nikolai in Grevesmühlen is originally a brick church of the transition style from the Romanesque to the Gothic , which has been strongly reshaped over the centuries. Today it belongs to the Evangelical Lutheran Parish Grevesmühlen in the Wismar provost in the Mecklenburg parish of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany .

history

Until the beginning of the 20th century, the spelling Grevismühlen was used in the church seal and in the parish registers of St. Nikolai Church

The church was first mentioned in 1230 in the Ratzeburg tithe register and in 1237 it was subordinated to the provost of the Rehna monastery. In 1284, as Nikolaikirche under Ratzeburg Bishop Konrad, it became part of the Ratzeburg canonical table . The Reformation was implemented in Grevesmühlen as early as 1540, as in the rest of the Klützer Winkel .

Building history

As with most churches in West Mecklenburg , the box choir with three pointed Gothic windows in the eastern end wall will have been the oldest part of the Nikolaikirche. It was demolished in 1870 in order to extend the three-aisled nave of the hall church from the first half of the 14th century with another yoke and a larger eighth choir. Until the redesign by Theodor Krüger in 1870–1872, the nave had only a south transept of two bays to in front of the second bay of the nave. In 1872 the Nikolaikirche received large windows instead of the narrow Gothic windows, which were arranged in pairs in the yokes, and a vestibule opposite the south transept as an extension, which, however, was removed again during the redesign in 1969. The place is easy to recognize on the north side of the nave, because the wall from 1969 contains two reconstructed pointed Gothic windows that indicate the previous overall condition. The church tower had a high spire until the fire of 1659, which was renewed after the fire, but was lost again shortly afterwards in a storm. Since then, the tower has been closed off by the low pointed roof. The preserved pilaster strips , arched and cloverleaf friezes still indicate the true age of the church.

Furnishing

The changes inside the church were even more serious. The old furnishings were replaced by a neo-Gothic overall design in the course of the redesign of the Nikolaikirche in 1872 . This was again completely given up during the redesign in 1969.

altar

The baroque main altar was removed in 1870 and replaced by a neo-Gothic altar, which received a painting depicting the crucifixion by Theodor Fischer-Poisson as an attachment . This altar, as well as the matching neo-Gothic pulpit and the neo-Gothic church stalls, were removed in 1969 and replaced by a simple altar table.

Triumphal cross

The Gothic triumphal cross from around 1430 does not belong to the old furnishings of the church, but comes from the Holy Spirit Church in Wismar. It was only installed in the Nikolaikirche in the course of the 1969 redesign. The triumphal arch above shows medallions with the images of the Twelve Apostles as the rest of the neo-Gothic painting .

Baptismal font

Romanesque font made of Gotland limestone (around 1230)

The elegant Romanesque Fünte dates from around 1230 and is carved from limestone from the island of Gotland . It used to stand in the area of the vestibule and was only moved to its current location in the course of the renovation in 1969. It is therefore the oldest piece of equipment in the church today.

painting

In the church there are three old paintings: a crucifixion scene from 1690 with an inscription from 1 Cor 2.2 LUT (inscribed in the inscription LS , copy after Peter Paul Rubens ), Christ on the cross (around 1700, copy after Rubens) and one Carrying the cross of the painter J. Grube from 1846.

Crucifixion (1690)
Christ on the Cross (1700)
Carrying the Cross (1846)

Bells

The two bells of the church had to be re-cast from the metal of their predecessors by the foundry Adam Danckwardt in Wismar in 1666 after the church burned down. One of them was drafted for war purposes at the end of the First World War , but only got as far as the train station and in 1919 could be hung in the belfry again. In the Second World War, one of the two bronze bells was finally lost and the remaining one was later supplemented by two iron bells.

organ

The church received an organ from Friedrich Friese in Schwerin in 1872 .

literature

Friedrich Schlie : The art and history monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Volume II: The district court districts of Wismar, Grevesmühlen, Rehna, Gadebusch and Schwerin. Schwerin 1898, Neuruck Schwerin 1992, pp. 346-350. ISBN 3-910179-06-1
The architectural and art monuments in the Mecklenburg coastal region. (The architectural and art monuments in the GDR 5) Berlin: Henschelverlag Art and Society 1990, ISBN 3-362-00457-1 , p. 38f
Ulrich Hermanns: Medieval town churches of Mecklenburg. Monument preservation and construction in the 19th century. Schwerin 1996 ISBN 3-931185-15-X

Web links

Commons : St. Nikolai (Grevesmühlen) - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ Membership of the community
↑ Friedrich Schlie, p. 340.
↑ Schlie, p. 341.
↑ While Friedrich Schlie gives no references to a triumphal cross in the Holy Spirit Church in Wismar, Friedrich Crull refers to one, cf. Overview of the ecclesiastical monuments of medieval art in Meklenburg , in: Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology. - Vol. 29 (1864), pp. 49-76, 1864 ( full text ) to one such in the church
↑ (Wismar. Holy Spirit Church) Grevesmühlen, city church. Triumphal cross body. Wismar, around 1430. Body 128 X 30 X 25 cm. Arms in oak. in: Painting and Sculpture of the Late Middle Ages and the Early Modern Era in Northern Germany: artistic exchange in the cultural area between the North Sea and the Baltic States. (Publication of the contributions to the International Colloquium "Painting and Sculpture of the Late Middle Ages and Early Modern Times in Northern Germany - Artistic Exchange in the Cultural Area between the North Sea and the Baltic States" (Hildesheim, October 16-19, 1996)). 2004, ISBN 9783886094707 , p. 84.
^ Johann Grube was a decorative painter in Grevesmühlen; In 1873 he was awarded the title of court decoration painter ( Government Gazette for Mecklenburg-Schwerin 1873, p. 191)

53.863157 11.184495Coordinates: 53 ° 51 '47.4 " N , 11 ° 11' 4.2" E

[1] Membership of the community

[2] Friedrich Schlie, p. 340.

[3] Schlie, p. 341.

[4] While Friedrich Schlie gives no references to a triumphal cross in the Holy Spirit Church in Wismar, Friedrich Crull refers to one, cf. Overview of the ecclesiastical monuments of medieval art in Meklenburg , in: Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology. - Vol. 29 (1864), pp. 49-76, 1864 ( full text ) to one such in the church

[5] (Wismar. Holy Spirit Church) Grevesmühlen, city church. Triumphal cross body. Wismar, around 1430. Body 128 X 30 X 25 cm. Arms in oak. in: Painting and Sculpture of the Late Middle Ages and the Early Modern Era in Northern Germany: artistic exchange in the cultural area between the North Sea and the Baltic States. (Publication of the contributions to the International Colloquium "Painting and Sculpture of the Late Middle Ages and Early Modern Times in Northern Germany - Artistic Exchange in the Cultural Area between the North Sea and the Baltic States" (Hildesheim, October 16-19, 1996)). 2004, ISBN 9783886094707 , p. 84.

[6] Johann Grube was a decorative painter in Grevesmühlen; In 1873 he was awarded the title of court decoration painter ( Government Gazette for Mecklenburg-Schwerin 1873, p. 191)