Light rail car type M / N
| Light rail car M / N 8 | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Manufacturer: | Düwag , Siemens , Adtranz , MAN , BBC , AEG , Kiepe |
| Year of construction (s): | 1975-1999 |
| Axis formula : | B'2'2'B ' |
| Gauge : | 1,000 mm (type M) 1,435 mm (type N) |
| Length over buffers: | 26,640 mm |
| Width: | 2,300 mm |
| Service mass: | 34.7 t |
| Top speed: | 70 km / h |
| Hourly output : | 300 kW |
| Power system : | 600/750 volts = |
| Power transmission: | Overhead line |
| Number of traction motors: | 2 |
| Seats: | 54 |
| Standing room: |
86 (4 / m²) 170 (6 / m²) |
| Floor height: | 880 mm |
| Low floor: | 0% |
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The type M light rail car was jointly developed in 1975 by the transport companies in Essen , Mülheim an der Ruhr , Bochum and Bielefeld in collaboration with DUEWAG . This newly developed two-way car in meter gauge version should at a width of 2.30 meters on tram tracks, but the lead on rail - and drive tunnels.
Later, a version for standard-gauge transport companies was also developed, which is called the type N light rail car .
Execution and use
The type M light rail car is the successor to the Mannheim type presented in 1969 and was designed as a six- and eight-axle articulated car in a bidirectional design. It was based on the type recommendation of the VÖV for a light rail vehicle in advance operation. While the VÖV recommendation provided for 2.40 meter wide wagons (which was only realized in Hanover with the TW 6000 ), the M wagon was only 2.30 meters wide so that it could be better integrated into the track network configuration of most companies.
The first series were still equipped with a contactor control (types M 6 S and M 8 S). A chopper control was installed from 1978 , these cars can be recognized by the index "C" behind the type designation. Vehicles with three-phase drives have also been manufactured since the mid-1980s ; these have a “D” in the vehicle identification. The last series of M-cars was made for the Bielefeld Stadtbahn in the mid-1990s .
Except for the Augsburg vehicles, the middle section of the M 8 car has no exit doors. The first delivery consisted of six cars for Mülheim (M 8), 20 cars for Essen (M 8), 33 cars for Bochum / Gelsenkirchen (M 6) and four cars for Bielefeld (M 8). In 1978 a standard gauge series followed as the type N 8 for Dortmund with initially 20 copies in eight-axle design.
In the following years, the stocks in the Ruhr area cities were increased, so a total of 54 cars were used in Dortmund. Other cities that ordered the M and N cars were Krefeld (20 M 8), Nuremberg (twelve N6S, from 1992 conversion to N 8 S-NF), Heidelberg (eight M 8), Augsburg (twelve M 8) , Mainz (ten M 8, four of them from Bielefeld) and Kassel (22 N 8).
In the meantime, numerous M / N wagons have been replaced by low-floor wagons of various types, but numerous representatives of this type are still on the road , especially in the Ruhr area .
M-car with folding steps
In 1983, M light rail cars with folding steps for use on elevated platforms on the route to Bredeney were delivered to Essen . Bielefeld also initially procured 44 M-cars with folding steps for the local light rail network, which were later followed by more, including four-axle M-type sidecars.
In Mülheim, Essen, Bochum / Gelsenkirchen and Bielefeld, M / N cars are used on the light rail networks or on the tram leading routes, so in inner cities they are preferably found on tunnels.
In Dortmund, the light rail network started in May 1983 exclusively with the N light rail car , before B-cars were used from 1986 .
M car with a low-floor center section
In order to make it easier for travelers with restricted mobility to use the tram and to increase the capacity of the vehicles, the twelve Nuremberg N 6 S with almost six meter long low-floor middle sections were extended to N 8 S-NF from 1992 . The vehicles now have a low-floor share of ten percent.
In the course of the low-floor boom of the 1990s, numerous transport companies procured new vehicles with low-floor technology, including the Mülheim / Oberhausener tram in 1995/96 for the opening of the line to Oberhausen.
However, these did not remain the only low-floor wagons in Mülheim, afterwards M 6 wagons were also expanded to include a low-floor middle section. After a prototype in 1997, another six conversions followed. This middle section has single-axle bogies, the end cars are supported on it. The cars therefore still have six axles and are therefore referred to as M 6 NF.
List of built light rail vehicles type M / N
| city | Type | Construction year | Vehicle numbers | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| augsburg | M8C | 1985 | 8001-8012 | Middle door in the middle section and second side display; Cars 8010 and 8011 have been retired since summer 2010; 8001, 8003 and 8012 retired since 2012; 8001 and 8011 since April 2012 in Darmstadt , where 8001 was converted into a work car until 2016. 8011 was a spare parts donor and was scrapped in 2014; 8003, 8010 and 8012 since May 2013 in Elbląg in Poland, where they were modernized in Modertrans and received a low-floor middle section. In January 2019 car 8004 went to Elbląg. As of January 2019, cars 8002, 8008 and 8009 are parked. Cars 8005, 8006 and 8007 are still in service. |
| Bielefeld | M 8 S | 1975 | 501-504 | 1987/89 sold to Mainz, car numbers 277–280 there |
| M8C | 1982-1987 | 516-559 | with folding steps, 517-520 spare parts dispenser and scrapped in April 2010; 527 and 535 scrapped in March 2012; 521–523, 525–526, 528–534 and 536–537 in Łódź since 2013 | |
| M8D | 1994/98 | 560-595 | with folding steps, only one driver's cab, therefore only used as a double traction | |
| MB 4 | 1999 | 511-515 | Sidecar, with folding steps, can only be used on line 1/4 | |
| Bochum / Gelsenkirchen | M 6 S | 1976/77 | 301-333 | 301, 302, 316, 324, 327 and 328 sold to Łódź (327 parked there and sold as scrap; 301 & 324 parked in 2019; 302, 316, 328 parked in 2020, of which 302, 328 scrapped) 305, 306, 307 and 315 sold to Mülheim, there 296–299; 322 Handed over to the Wattenscheid fire department in 2001 and scrapped there in 2011; 303, 304, 308, 309, 319, 320, 323, 329 scrapped between 2003 and 2017
317 shut down in 2017; 314 shut down in 2019; |
| M6C | 1982 | 334-355 | Except for 340 all sold (e.g. to Bursa) or scrapped, 340 = grinding car 678 (2015) | |
| Dortmund | N8C | 1978-1982 | 101-154 | 101–106 and 130 were scrapped, 107 - 129 and 131 - 154 were, with the exception of 142, sold to the ZKM Gdańsk and refurbished there, 142 = 6x-Atw 902 (1996) |
| eat | M 8 S | 1975/76 | 1001-1020 | 1009, 1010 retired after fire damage, 1021 = 1010², later with 1014 and 1020 to Mülheim an der Ruhr , car numbers 278–280
1003, 1005-1008 & 1016-1019 sold to Arad in 2006; 1004 and 1013 sold in 2006 to Krakow , 1004 dismantled the following year; 1015 to Krefeld as a spare parts donor in 2006, 2007 also dismantled; 1001, 1002 scrapped in 2000. |
| M8C | 1979 | 1101-1115 | 1115 = 6x-Atw 616 (2010); 1102-1114, 1116 scrapped; At 1101 transport Museum Dortmund issued | |
| M8D | 1980 | 1200 | 1993 conversion to M8C 1116², the rest of them taken out of service after accidents or put down in 2016 | |
| M8C | 1981 | 1116-1131 | after conversion with folding steps = 1151–1166; 1161 and 1163 scrapped in 2019; 1159 scrapped in 2020 | |
| M8C | 1982 | 1132-1135 | after conversion with folding steps = 1171–1180 | |
| M8C | 1983 | 1177-1180 | with folding steps; 1179 scrapped after an accident in 2013 | |
| M8C | 1989/90 | 1401-1415 | 1402, 1404, 1408, 1409 scrapped, 1406, 1407 and 1410–1414 sold to Iași , Romania , ( CTP Iași ) in 2018 | |
| Heidelberg | M8C | 1985 | 251-258 | Conversion to M8C-NF with low-floor center section, renumbered to 3251–3258 |
| kassel | N8C | 1981/86 | 401-422 | Some vehicles are provided with a PZB . TW 401-416 were gradually parked as operating reserves and sold to Gdańsk . TW 417, 419 and 422 were parked in 2016-17 and also sold to Gdańsk in 2019 . The others (418, 420, 421) are currently only driving as an e-car or driving school. |
| Krefeld | M8C | 1981/85 | 831-850 | M8C 848 scrapped in 2013; 832, 840, 846 and 849 scrapped in 2014; 831, 833, 837 and 841 scrapped in 2017; 834 scrapped in 2018; 835 scrapped in 2019; 839 2020 scrapped; 836 handed over to youth club in Kempen in October 2016
|
| Mainz | M8C | 1984 | 271-276 | Modernized in 2016/2017 |
| Mülheim an der Ruhr | M8C | 1976 | 271-276 | Conversion from M 8 S; 272, 273, 275: scrapped in 2015, 271, 274, 276: sold to Elblag in 2016 |
| M6S | 1977/78 | 277-281 | Conversion to M 6 NF-C, Tw 280 scrapped after an accident in 2011 | |
| M6D | 1978 | 282 | 282 prototype with three-phase drive, converted to M 6 NF-D, scrapped in 2009 | |
| M6D | 1984/87/92 | 283-294 | 285 conversion to M 6 NF-D, number 284 scrapped in 2009, 283, 288-294 2018 sold to Iași , Romania , ( CTP Iași ) | |
| Nuremberg | N 8 S NF | 1976 | 361-372 | Conversion from N6S, low-floor middle section,
2011: 363 museum cars, all others were sold to Kraków (Poland) and are in use there as numbers HK 451 to HK 461. HK 451 to HK 456 were extensively converted to a furnishing multiple unit and received new chopper controls. |
_in_Krefeld.jpg)
Based on the N-car, Simmering-Graz-Pauker (SGP) built twelve articulated cars (601–612) for the Graz tram under license in 1986/87 . However, these were one-way vehicles . It was not until 1999 that this series was expanded to eight-axle vehicles with low-floor center parts.
Shortly before that, eleven ten-axle vehicles (41-56) were built for the Linz tram in 1985/86, which were also similar to the M / N car. They were also produced by SGP, but had certain differences from the original, for example in the area of the front section and the roof edge. All vehicles were scrapped in 2011/12.
literature
- Michael Kochems, The light rail cars of the types M and N. Development - Technology - Use, Transpress 2005, ISBN 3-613-71257-1
Individual evidence
- ↑ The cars are only listed with the first owners, i.e. H. also sales to other "M-car cities" (Bielefeld to Mainz and Essen and Bochum to Mülheim are not listed)
- ↑ https://www.mobiel.de/unternehmen/fahrzeugtechnik/stadtbahnen/
- ↑ http://mpk.lodz.pl/files/ogloszenie_2018_04_30_2.pdf
- ↑ Railcar 363 on the homepage of the friends of the Nuremberg-Fürth tram
- ↑ N8S on the private website www.psmkms.krakow.pl (Polish)