Landsberg in Hesse

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Landsberg ( Stadtwüstung Landsberg ) is a settlement from the 13th century and is now a desert north of the city of Wolfhagen in the northern Hessian district of Kassel .

Remnants of walls and the ring wall with remains of a gate can still be seen from the deserted city. The desert is freely accessible.

Geographical location

The Stadtwüstung Landsberg is located in the Habichtswald Nature Park (just east of its western border) not quite half a straight line between the cities of Wolfhagen and Volkmarsen . It is located between the core town of Wolfhagen, 4.2 km south, the Wolfhagen district of Viesebeck , 2.1 km to the west-southwest, and the Volkmars district of Ehringen, just under 2 km north-northwest . It extends entirely to the Wolfhager area from around 250  m to a maximum of 267  m above sea level. NHN directly west of the Erpe valley , through which the Volkmarsen – Wolfhagen section of the Volkmarsen – Vellmar-Obervellmar railway runs, and east of the state road  3075, which connects Wolfhagen and Ehringen.

The Rodersen castle ruins are located about 600 m east-northeast of the Landsberg deserted city, which can be reached on foot from a parking lot located 1.5 km south-southeast of Ehringen on the L 3075 .

history

Landsberg was founded at the beginning of the 13th century by the Counts of Waldeck and probably already in 1231 or 1232 in the battles between the Thuringian Landgrave Hermann II , or his brother and governor in Hesse Konrad von Thuringia , and the Archbishop Siegfried III. destroyed by Mainz . Some of the residents moved to the Bifangen colony , which is now a desert near Landau , where they were granted considerable rights by Count Adolf I von Waldeck and the Aroldessen Monastery . Landsberg later came into the possession of the Landgraviate of Hesse , like most of the Mainz possessions in Northern Hesse . Finds suggest that the complex once again had residents for some time in the 14th century.

Research into the complex began when Colonel Kellermann first drew up a plan of the fortifications in 1817. The first superficial excavations were carried out under the direction of archivist Landau in 1835. Then the last remains of the wall that were still visible fell into disrepair. In 1964, the Wolfhager Museum Association received approval for further research and, under the direction of Gerhard Wittenberg, completely exposed the cellars of some houses between 1954 and 1966, and numerous artefacts were found.

Current condition

Today there are still isolated foundations, remains of the basement of massive houses and an approximately oval-shaped ring wall around 180 x 380 m in diameter and around 1 km in length with incisions from former gates. That plateau, located above the west bank of the Erpe, which comprised the former urban area, extends from north to south over about 400 m in length and from east to west over about 200 m in width. The oval shape is almost 8 hectares in size. The east side drops off steeply to the Erpe and has an earth wall with a city ​​moat in front , on the other hand there is a double wall and moats on the north, west and south sides. In contrast to the basement pits, which are deepened and now heavily looped, the former fortifications are well preserved and measure around 7 m in height from the bottom of the trench to the crest of the wall. The area is overgrown by forest.

literature

  • Heinrich Reimer: Historical local lexicon for Kurhessen (=  publications of the historical commission for Hesse and Waldeck. Vol. 14, ISSN  0342-2291 ). Elwert, Marburg 1926, p. 293.
  • Heinrich Höhle: The submerged villages or the desert in Waldeck. Bing, Korbach 1929, pp. 143–152.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  2. ↑ Thomas Küntzel: A deserted mountain town on the Kohlberg near Güntersberge? In: Harz-Zeitschrift , volume 57, Lukas-Verlag, Berlin, 2005, pp. 35-62 (here p. 55)
  3. ↑ a b Hessische Allgemeine (HA), September 7, 1964
  4. ^ Hessische Allgemeine (HA), September 5, 1964
  5. ^ Konrad Weidemann: Rodersen and Landsberg . Ed .: Northwest German and West and South German Association for Antiquity Research (=  Guide to archaeological monuments in Germany . Volume 7 ). Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-8062-0368-7 , pp. 161 .

Coordinates: 51 ° 21 ′ 54.7 "  N , 9 ° 9 ′ 41.8"  E