Gibidum reservoir
| Gibidum reservoir | |||||||
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| Coordinates | 643407 / 135867 | ||||||
| Data on the structure | |||||||
| Lock type: | Arch dam | ||||||
| Construction time: | 1966-1968 | ||||||
| Height of the barrier structure : | 122 m | ||||||
| Height above the river bed : | 104 m | ||||||
| Height of the structure crown: | 1436.5 m above sea level M. | ||||||
| Building volume: | 228,000 m³ | ||||||
| Crown length: | 327 m | ||||||
| Power plant output: | 340 MW | ||||||
| Operator: | Electra Massa, Naters | ||||||
| Data on the reservoir | |||||||
| Water surface | 21 ha | ||||||
| Reservoir length | 1.7 km | ||||||
| Reservoir width | 300 m | ||||||
| Storage space | 8th 700 000 m³ | ||||||
| Total storage space : | 9 200 000 m³ | ||||||
| Catchment area | 150.3 km² | ||||||
| Design flood : | 450 m³ / s | ||||||
| Source: | |||||||
The Gibidum , also Gebidem , is a reservoir in the canton of Valais , which is located above the Massa Gorge . The energy generated in the power plant center in Bitsch is mainly used to pump water into the Lac des Dix .
The Gibidum reservoir is not to be confused with the Gibidumsee above Visperterminen in the Mattertal .
history
In 1957, was charged with capital pour l'Industrie Societe Generale (SGI) from Geneva , the Electra-Massa SA established with 40 million share capital, at the power plant companies, the SBB and industrial works Basel were involved (IWB). The aim was to build the first stage of a large-scale system to utilize the power of water in Goms, the uppermost part of Upper Valais. The head storage would have been a reservoir with 100 million m³ near Gletsch .
In 1961, Elektra-Masse built a 2,340 m long works cable car with which Blatten near Naters could reach the upper end of the future reservoir.
Preparations for the construction of the Gebidem dam began in 1964 ; construction officially began in 1966 and was completed in 1967. The entire power plant was put into operation in 1969, with only two Pelton turbines with an output of 100 MW each being installed, the third turbine pit remaining initially empty. The construction costs of the entire power plant amounted to CHF 148 million .
During a conversion in 1980, an additional Pelton turbine of 140 MW was installed, so that the total turbine output of the plant rose to 340 MW.
In 2018, the following companies held shares in Electra-Massa with a share capital of 20 million:
- Alpiq Suisse (23.03%)
- BKW Energy (16.12%)
- Industriewerke Basel (IWB) 14%
- Axpo Power (13.81%)
- Alpiq (11.52%)
- Groupe E (10%) - an amalgamation of the electricity companies of Neuchâtel and Freiburg .
technology
Unusually, the main operating time of this storage power plant is in summer, when the water from the melting snow in the catchment area has to be processed daily and 97% of the annual production is provided. In winter the system only runs to cover peak loads. Nevertheless, the headquarters in Bitsch, behind the Bieudron headquarters of Cleuson-Dixence SA and the Riddes headquarters , which is operated with water from the Lac de Mauvoisin , is the headquarters with the highest annual production.
Reservoir
The reservoir has an area of 21 hectares and, considering its size, an enormous maximum depth of 104 meters. It is fed by the largest glacier in the Alps, the Aletsch Glacier . The power plant center is in Bitsch .
A special feature of the reservoir is that 65% of its catchment area is glaciated. This leads to a high load with debris , which leads to severe abrasion on the turbine wheels of the power plant.
The reservoir must therefore be flushed annually, for which the production of the power plant is interrupted for two to three days and around 400,000 m³ of water from the reservoir are required. The debris is removed by opening the bottom outlet of the dam. In 1996 the water intake was increased in order to reduce the pollution of the headrace with sand.
power plant
Three vertically arranged Pelton turbines are installed in the cavern center. The two four-jet 100 MW turbines were already in place at the opening, the 140 MW turbine followed during the 1980 renovation.
The plant from 1980 was able to work
- Turbine output: 2 × 100 MW + 1 × 140 MW = 340 MW
- Efficiency (electrical performance / mechanical performance): 97%
- Average annual production: 564 GWh
Source:
| Headquarters | location | Municipal area | Installation | Machine house
[m.a.s.l.] |
el. power
in MW |
Turbines | Maximum raw head
in m |
Expansion flow in m³ / s |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bitsch | 644103 / 131395 | Bitsch VS | 1969 | 701 | 331 | 3 vertical Pelton turbines | 753 | 55 |
Situation map
literature
- The Bitsch power plant of Electra-Massa . In: Schweizerische Bauzeitung . 89th year, no. 4 , January 28, 1971, p. 87-90 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Swiss Dam Committee (ed.): Gebidem . ( swissdams.ch [PDF]).
- ↑ VS-NA-2 Rischinen - Massa, Naters, aerial tramway. In: Swiss cable car inventory.
- ↑ Swiss construction newspaper
- ↑ a b Barrage de Gebidem. In: loisirs.ch. August 12, 2013 (French).
- ↑ a b Federal Office for Energy SFOE (Ed.): Statistics of the hydropower plants in Switzerland . January 1, 2018 ( admin.ch ). Statistics of the hydropower plants in Switzerland ( Memento of the original from December 9, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ A b Walter Giezendanner, Philippe Dawans: Keeping the storage space free from Gebidem . In: VAW Mitteilungen . No. 53 ( ethz.ch [PDF; accessed on December 14, 2018]).
- ↑ Federal Office for Energy SFOE (Ed.): Statistics of the hydropower plants in Switzerland . January 1, 2018 ( admin.ch ). Statistics of the hydropower plants in Switzerland ( Memento of the original from December 9, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Federal Office for Water Management (Ed.): Statistics of hydropower plants in Switzerland . 1st January 1973.
Map with all coordinates: