Stenoptera

Stenoptera
	Illustration of Stenoptera acuta (Fig. I)
Systematics
Order :	Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family :	Orchids (orchidaceae)
Subfamily :	Orchidoideae
Tribe :	Cranichideae
Sub tribus :	Cranichidinae
Genre :	Stenoptera
Scientific name
	Stenoptera
	C. Presl

Stenoptera is a genus from the family of the orchid (Orchidaceae). It consists of about six types of herbaceous plants that are native to South America.

description

The species of the genus Stenoptera are terrestrial, herbaceous plants. The roots stand together in clusters and are fibrous to fleshy. The leaves form a basal rosette or are distributed on the stem. They are more or less arranged in two lines.

The racemose , terminal inflorescence appears after the leaves are fully developed. In the upper area it bears numerous, unresolved , small, densely packed flowers . The peduncle is often hairy, it is loosely enclosed by bracts . The three identically designed sepals are fused to form a narrow tube at the base, the tips are free, spread out or bent back. The lateral petals are linear, spread out, they do not adhere to the dorsal sepal. The lip is fleshier than the other petals, but its edge is thin. At the base it is nailed long, the blade is curved in the shape of a helmet and surrounds the column with the edges . The column is more or less curved, it does not extend beyond the point of attachment at the ovary (without “foot”). The scar is large and sits at the front end of the column. The stamen is two-chambered, the pollinia have a granular texture, the adhesive disc is only indistinctly developed. The column surrounds the stamen with a thin, hood-shaped tissue that has grown over this (clinandrium). The dividing tissue between the stigma and the stamen (rostellum) is large and straight, it ends straight cut or with an attached point.

Occurrence

Stenoptera occurs in the Andes (Colombia, Ecuador and Peru) and in northern Brazil. The plants grow at altitudes of 800 to 3600 meters in light forest, páramo and on open, stony slopes.

Systematics and botanical history

Stenoptera is classified within the tribe Cranichideae in the subtribe Cranichidinae . Related genera are Aa , Altensteinia , Gomphichis , Myrosmodes and Porphyrostachys . This group has already been separated as the subtribe Prescottiinae, but the close relationship to the eponymous Prescottia is questionable. Stenoptera is the sister taxon to a clade from all other genera mentioned above.

The genus was founded in 1827 by Karl Bořiwog Presl with the type species Stenoptera peruviana . He named the genus with the Greek words στενός stenos , "narrow", and πτερόν pteron , "wing", after the narrow petals of the only known species. Today six species are known:

Stenoptera acuta Lindl. : It occurs from northern Brazil to Peru and western Bolivia.
Stenoptera ciliaris C. Schweinf. : It occurs in Peru.
Stenoptera ecuadorana Dodson & C.Vargas : It occurs in Ecuador.
Stenoptera laxiflora C. Schweinf. : It occurs in Peru.
Stenoptera montana C. Schweinf. : It occurs in Peru.
Stenoptera peruviana C. Presl : It occurs from Colombia to Peru.

No longer counted in this genus:

Stenoptera huilaensis Garay => Gomphichis huilaensis (Garay) HCDueñas & Fern.Alonso

literature

Leslie A. Garay: 225 (1). Orchidaceae (Cypripedioideae, Orchidoideae and Neottioideae) . In: Gunnar Harling, Benkt Sparre (ed.): Flora of Ecuador . tape 9 , 1978, ISSN 0347-8742 .
Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen (Eds.): Genera Orchidacearum. Orchidoideae (Part 2). Vanilloideae . tape 3 . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford 2003, ISBN 0-19-850711-9 .

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c Jeffrey Wood: Stenoptera . In: Genera Orchidacearum . Vol. 3, pp. 57-59.
↑ Leslie Garay: Stenoptera . In: Flora of Ecuador . Vol. 9, 1978, p. 153.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Stenoptera. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved July 21, 2018.
^ Robert L. Dressler: Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family . Cambridge University Press, 1993, ISBN 0-521-45058-6 , pp. 120 .
↑ Aída Álvarez-Molina, Kenneth M. Cameron: Molecular phylogenetics of Prescottiinae s. l. and their close allies (Orchidaceae, Cranichideae) inferred from plastid and nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences . In: American Journal of Botany . tape 96 , no. 5 , 2009, p. 1020-1040 , doi : 10.3732 / ajb.0800219 .

Web links

Commons : Stenoptera - album with pictures, videos and audio files

List of orchid genera

[Wood2003-1] Jeffrey Wood: Stenoptera . In: Genera Orchidacearum . Vol. 3, pp. 57-59.

[Garay-2] Leslie Garay: Stenoptera . In: Flora of Ecuador . Vol. 9, 1978, p. 153.

[WCSP-3] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Stenoptera. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved July 21, 2018.

[Dressler-4] Robert L. Dressler: Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family . Cambridge University Press, 1993, ISBN 0-521-45058-6 , pp. 120 .

[Alvarez-5] Aída Álvarez-Molina, Kenneth M. Cameron: Molecular phylogenetics of Prescottiinae s. l. and their close allies (Orchidaceae, Cranichideae) inferred from plastid and nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences . In: American Journal of Botany . tape 96 , no. 5 , 2009, p. 1020-1040 , doi : 10.3732 / ajb.0800219 .