Altensteinia

Altensteinia
	Altensteinia virescens
Systematics
Order :	Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family :	Orchids (orchidaceae)
Subfamily :	Orchidoideae
Tribe :	Cranichideae
Sub tribus :	Cranichidinae
Genre :	Altensteinia
Scientific name
	Altensteinia
	Kunth

Altensteinia is a genus from the family of the orchid (Orchidaceae). It consists of about seven types of herbaceous plants that are native to the Andes of South America.

description

The species of the genus Altensteinia form a basal rosette of deciduous leaves , some leaves can also be distributed on the shoot with somewhat longer internodes . The leaves are oval to belt-shaped, tapering to a point at the end. The thick, hairy roots set in a tuft at the base of the shoot.

The racemose inflorescence appears terminal after the leaves are fully developed. In the upper area it bears numerous unresolved flowers and is loosely enclosed by bracts . Each flower sits in the axilla of an upright bract , which is as long or shorter as the ovary . The petals are free. The three identically designed sepals are hairy on the outside, they are spread out or bent back. The lateral petals are very narrow and bent back. The lip is undivided, rounded and slightly curved in the shape of a bowl, but not baggy. The column is hairy, narrower at the base than at the end. The scar sits ventrally and transversely to the column axis. The stamen is located dorsally, it contains four pollinia , which sit directly on an adhesive disc (Viscidium) without stalks. The column surrounds the stamen with an almost tubular tissue that has grown over this (clinandrium). The separating tissue between the stigma and the stamen (rostellum) is large and forms a straight cut surface at the end of the column.

Occurrence

Altensteinia is limited to the high altitudes of the Andes, where the species occur from 1,800 to 4,300 meters. They colonize dry and moist meadows and rocky slopes.

Systematics and botanical history

Altensteinia is classified within the tribe Cranichideae in the subtribe Cranichidinae . Related genera are Aa , Gomphichis , Myrosmodes , Porphyrostachys and Stenoptera . This group has already been separated as the subtribe Prescottiinae, but the close relationship to the eponymous Prescottia is questionable.

The genus was founded in 1816 by Kunth with the species Altensteinia fimbriata and Altensteinia pilifera (today Porphyrostachys pilifera ). He named the genus after Karl vom Stein zum Altenstein . HG Reichenbach described several new species, but also separated some as the new genus Aa . Today eight species are known:

Altensteinia boliviensis Rolfe ex Rusby : It occurs from Bolivia to Peru.
Altensteinia citrina Garay : It occurs in Ecuador.
Altensteinia cundinamarcae S.Nowak : The species first described in 2014 occurs in the province of Cundinamarca in Colombia.
Altensteinia elliptica C. Schweinf. : It occurs in Ecuador.
Altensteinia fimbriata Kunth : It occurs from western South America to northwestern Venezuela.
Altensteinia longispicata C. Schweinf. : It occurs in Peru.
Altensteinia marginata Rchb.f. : It occurs in Peru.
Altensteinia virescens Lindl. : It occurs from Colombia to Ecuador.

supporting documents

Most of the information in this article comes from:

Leslie A. Garay: 225 (1). Orchidaceae (Cypripedioideae, Orchidoideae and Neottioideae) . In: Gunnar Harling, Benkt Sparre (ed.): Flora of Ecuador . tape 9 , 1978, ISSN 0347-8742 , p. 154-159 .
Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen (Eds.): Genera Orchidacearum. Orchidoideae (Part 2). Vanilloideae . tape 3/2 . Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford 2003, ISBN 0-19-850711-9 , pp. 26-29 .

Individual evidence

^ Robert L. Dressler: Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family . Cambridge University Press, 1993, ISBN 0-521-45058-6 , pp. 120 .
↑ Gerardo A. Salazar, Mark W. Chase, Miguel A. Soto Arenas, Martin Ingrouille: Phylogenetics of Cranichideae with emphasis on Spiranthinae (Orchidaceae, Orchidoideae): evidence from plastid and nuclear DNA sequences . In: American Journal of Botany . tape 90 , no. 5 , 2003, p. 777-795 .
↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Altensteinia. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Altensteinia. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved December 6, 2016.

Further information

List of orchid genera

Web links

Commons : Altensteinia - album with pictures, videos and audio files

[1] Robert L. Dressler: Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family . Cambridge University Press, 1993, ISBN 0-521-45058-6 , pp. 120 .

[2] Gerardo A. Salazar, Mark W. Chase, Miguel A. Soto Arenas, Martin Ingrouille: Phylogenetics of Cranichideae with emphasis on Spiranthinae (Orchidaceae, Orchidoideae): evidence from plastid and nuclear DNA sequences . In: American Journal of Botany . tape 90 , no. 5 , 2003, p. 777-795 .

[3] Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Altensteinia. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew .

[WCSP-4] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Altensteinia. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved December 6, 2016.