Stepan Dmitrievich Ersya

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Stepan Ersja

Stepan Dmitrievich Erzya (pseudonym, real name: Nefjodow, Russian Степан Дмитриевич Эрьзя / Нефёдов ; October * 27 . Jul / 8. November  1876 greg. In the village Bajewo at Alatyr ; † 24. November 1959 in Moscow ) was a Russian sculptor .

Life

Erzya came from a Ersjanisch speaking peasant family. He attended the parish school, and in 1892 the family moved to Alatyr. He received his first artistic training in icon workshops in Alatyr and from 1893–1897 in Kazan , where he painted churches in villages and towns on the Volga . He also attended the art school in Kazan.

1902-1906 studied Erzya at the Moscow School of Painting Sculpture at SM Wolnuchin and Paolo Troubetzkoy . He then lived in Italy and France from 1906 to 1914 and created the sculptures Tosca (1908), prison chaplain , The Last Night (1909), Stone Age (1911) and Marta (1912). He participated in the world exhibition in Milan in 1906 and in the Biennale di Venezia in 1909, which gave him international recognition.

Ersja welcomed the October Revolution and joined the plan of monumental propaganda . In search of new materials and better working conditions and with the desire to teach sculpture to a new generation, he went to the country, so that he lived in the Urals in the village of Mramorskoye near Polewskoi and in Yekaterinburg from 1918 to 1921 . In 1921 he settled in Novorossiysk , later in Batumi and in 1923 in Baku . He created monuments in Yekaterinburg, a Lenin in Batumi (1922) and the sculptural decorations on the house of the Miners' Union in Baku (1923) as well as the prisoners (1920) and victims of the 1905 revolution , and he worked on the monumental sculpture People's Tribune . However, Ersja felt the increasing influence of politics on art and felt hindered by the demands of the critics that art should serve the building of a new world in the spirit of revolutionary positivism.

On the advice of AW Lunatscharski , Ersja traveled to Paris in the fall of 1926 with the task of organizing a personal exhibition. However, he stayed there for half a year to take part in the exhibition The World of Art at the Société des Artistes Indépendants . Both exhibitions were successful and provided him with considerable funds, so that he accepted the invitation to an exhibition in Montevideo and in 1927 traveled to Argentina with 30 of his works .

Ersja lived and worked in Buenos Aires , where he immediately carried out a personal exhibition in which he presented both his revolutionary work, such as The Shooting , and female nudes , such as Leda and the Swan . He received a lot of attention from the Argentine public because of his art and his problems with the new power in Russia, and in particular the Deutsche La Plata Zeitung emphasized the autonomy and independence of his art. He was the first to use South American woods for his sculptures. He was in the forests of the Gran Chaco and in the province of Misiones , where he worked particularly valuable woods (Algarrobo, Gonçalo Alves, Quebracho). He also developed projects for the conversion of mountains into mountains into monuments for important people in history, which were not realized due to lack of funding.

In 1950 Ersja received a return permit from the USSR government, so that in 1951 he returned to his homeland with his 180 sculptures made of wood, plaster , bronze and marble (with a total weight of 175 tons ). The administration made a studio in Moscow available to him. There he had a permanent exhibition of his work, in front of which long lines of visitors formed.

Ersya found his grave in Saransk , the capital of his home republic of Mordovia .

Most of Ersya's works are in the Ersya 's Museum in Saransk. His birthplace is a museum in his birthplace, Bajewo. A boulevard in Saransk, a street in Ardatow and an art school in Novorossiysk were named after him. There is also a memorial plaque for Stepan Ersja in Moscow.

Honors

literature

  • GO Sutejew: Biographical Notes and Memories . Saransk 1968 (Russian).
  • MN Baranowa: Stepan Dmitrijewitsch Ersja (Nefjodow) . Mordovskoye Isdatelstvo, Saransk 1981 (Russian).
  • The sculptor Ersja. Biographical records and memories . Saransk 1995 (Russian).
  • A. Moro: Stepan Ersja . Mordovskoye Isdatelstvo, Saransk 1997 (Russian).

Web links

Commons : Stepan Ersja  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b N. A. Rosenberg: Stepan Ersja. The Argentine Period: Overlapping Cultural Traditions . St. Petersburg 2007 (Russian).
  2. ↑ Erzja Museum in Saransk (Russian, accessed March 24, 2016).
  3. ↑ В Москве увековечили память о Степане Эрьзе // BezFormata.ru
personal data
SURNAME Ersja, Stepan Dmitrievich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Erzia, Stepan Dmitrievich; Эрьзя, Степан Дмитриевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian sculptor
DATE OF BIRTH November 8, 1876
PLACE OF BIRTH Bajewo village near Alatyr
DATE OF DEATH November 24, 1959
Place of death Moscow