Stephan of Tournai

Stephan von Tournai (born March 18, 1128 in Orléans , † September 11, 1203 in Tournai ) was a French clergyman , canon , decretist and bishop of Tournai .

Life

Stephan von Tournai received his first training and education at the cathedral school in Orléans , and then from 1145 to 1150 in Bologna to study Roman law and canonical studies. Here he attended lectures by the Italian lawyer Bulgarus (1085–1166), probably the most famous of the “Four Doctors” (Latin “Quatuor Doctores” ), the Alberico di Porta Ravegnana (1130–1200) and possibly also those of Rufinus of Bologna ( 1130-1192).

Around 1150, Stephan von Tournai entered the order of canons in Orléans. In 1159 he published his work Summa in decretum Gratiani as an author , which was largely based on similar works such as those of the lawyer Paucapalea, Rufinus of Bologna and Rolando (sometimes incorrectly interpreted as Pope Alexander III ). After returning to his monastery in 1160, he was elected Abbot of Saint-Euverte in 1167 and then in 1177 Abbot of Ste-Geneviève in Paris . From 1180 he almost completely rebuilt the old church of the monastery and set up a monastery school in this context .

In 1192 he was elected Bishop of Tournai, although he had two major disabilities in the exercise of his episcopal office. On the one hand it was the opposition resistance of the people and on the other hand the divorce proceedings between Philip II and the Danish princess Ingeborg of Denmark , as a result of which Pope Innocent III. As a consequence, an interdict was imposed on France. He retained the office of bishop until his death on September 11, 1203.

Supplementary biography

Stephanus Tornacensis, as he was also called, had a great deal of specialist knowledge. This included the knowledge of patristicism as well as that of contemporary writers , such as Petrus Lombardus , Robert von Melun and Hugo von St. Viktor . Stephan von Tournai, who was also a student of the glossator Martinus Gosias, was considered a supporter of Roman law, but this interest was not of a superordinate nature. This was shown in his poem from his student days in Bologna, which dealt with the “septem artes liberales” ( Seven Liberal Arts ) by describing the essence of grammar without, however , making any reference to distinction. The second "ars" of the three-way (Latin: Trivium ) had a high priority for Stephan with regard to its style , but he saw dialectics as the driving force behind the technique of distinction .

Works

• Summa in decretum Gratiani (1159).

literature

• Herbert Kalb: Studies on the Summa Stephans von Tournai. A contribution to the canonical history of science of the late 12th century , Innsbruck 1983, ISBN 978-3-7030-0119-2 .

Web links

• Stephan of Tournai, Michael Ott (Author), In: Catholic Encyclopedia (1913) / Stephen of Tournai, at engl. en.wikisource.org
• Morals and Education of the French Clergy, by Selma Schneider (1915) based on letters from Stephan von Tournai

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} Christoph HF Meyer: The distinction technique in the canonical of the 12th century: a contribution to the history of science of the High Middle Ages (=  Mediaevalia Lovaniensia ). Leuven University Press, Leuven 2000, ISBN 90-5867-061-9 , 3.4.7 Stephan von Tournai, p. 220–232 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
2. ^ Church history of Denmark and Norway, by D. Friedrich Münter, Second Part, First Department, Leipzig 1831, in Friedr. Christian. Wilh. Bogel, Stephan von Tournay, pp. 357 & 369. In: book.google.de. Retrieved June 30, 2019 . 
3. ^ Regimen Christianum: Path and results of the relationship of violence and the understanding of violence (8th to 14th century), by Wilhelm Kölmel, Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin 1970 Stephan von Tournay, p. 210. In: book.google.de. Retrieved June 30, 2019 . 

predecessor	Office	successor
Everard from Avesnes	Bishop of Tournai 1192–1203	Gossuin