Beach bean
| Beach bean | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Beach bean ( Canavalia rosea ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Canavalia rosea | ||||||||||||
| ( Sw. ) DC. |
The beach bean ( Canavalia rosea ) is a species of the genus Canavalia within the legume family (Fabaceae). It occurs on the subtropical and tropical beaches almost worldwide.
description
_(8182091044).jpg)
!_(6035943977).jpg)
Vegetative characteristics
Canavalia rosea is an herbaceous plant and, as a climbing plant, reaches heights of growth of up to 6 meters. The sparsely hairy stem has a diameter of about 2.5 centimeters.
The alternate leaves are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. Each compound leaf blade consists of three pinnate leaves. The leaflets are at a length of 2.5 to 9.5 (rarely up to 11.5) centimeters and a width of 1.5 to 9 (rarely up to 10) centimeters elliptical , oblong-elliptical or rounded and are in the Fold up the heat of the sun . The leaflets are glabrous or slightly hairy on both sides.
Generative characteristics
Canavalia rosea blooms all year round. In up to 30 centimeters long with inflorescence stem racemose inflorescence are at the Nodien one to three flowers together in each case. The hermaphroditic flowers are zygomorphic with a length of about 5 centimeters with a double flower envelope . The 2.5 to 3 centimeters long flower crowns are purple-pink in color.
The flat straight or slightly curved legumes are four to six inches long and become serrated as they ripen and contain six to ten seeds. The brown seeds are 13 to 15 millimeters long and about 10 millimeters in diameter, ellipsoidal, with a 10 millimeter umbilicus ( hilum ).
ecology
The seeds float on the water and can thus be spread by ocean currents. The beach bean colonizes tropical and subtropical coastlines successfully due to the spread of its seeds by ocean currents and due to the high tolerance to salty spray , low nutrient content of the soil and high temperatures . When populating beaches and front dunes, it often covers large areas and forms relatively continuous mats that stabilize the sandy substrate .
Taxonomy
The first publication was under the name ( Basionym ) Dolichos roseus by Olof Peter Swartz . Synonyms for Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC. are: Canavalia lineata auct. non (Thunb.) DC. , Canavalia maritima Thouars .
use
In Mexico , Canavalia rosea is smoked as a marijuana substitute, although no psychoactive substances have yet been isolated. Among other things, it contains the anti-inflammatory agent L-Betonicin . Plant parts are edible, in Africa and Southeast Asia will Canavalia rosea because of the high protein content used as animal feed.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d data sheet from JSTOR Global Plants : Canavalia rosea.
- ↑ a b c d e floridata.com: Canavalia rosea.
- ↑ a b c Delin Wu, Mats Thulin: Canavalia. : Canavalia rosea , p. 199 with the same text online as the printed work, In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Ed.): Flora of China. Volume 10: Fabaceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 2010, ISBN 978-1-930723-91-7 .
- ↑ a b Gabriela Mendoza-González, M. Luisa Martínez, Debora Lithgow: Biological Flora of Coastal Dunes and Wetlands: Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC. 2014, in: Journal of Coastal Research , Volume 30, Issue 4, S 697 - 713. ( Online )
- ↑ Duangpen Pattamadilok et al. : Canarosine: A new guanidine alkaloid from Canavalia rosea with inhibitory activity on dopamine D1 receptors. In: Journal of Asian Natural Products Research , Volume 10, Issue 10, 2008, pp. 915–991 ( PDF. )
- ^ Canavalia maritima.
literature
- Jacques Fournet: Flore illustrée des phanérogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique , Gondwana editions, Cirad, 2002, volume 1 ( ISBN 2-87614-489-1 ); Volume 2 ( ISBN 2-87614-492-1 )
