Szeged tram
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| Basic information | |
| Country | Hungary |
| city | Szeged |
| opening | July 1, 1884 |
| electrification | October 1, 1908 |
| operator | SZKT Kft. |
| Infrastructure | |
| Gauge | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Power system | 600 V DC overhead line |
| Stops | 45 |
| Depots | 1 |
| business | |
| Lines | 4th |
| Line length | 23.2 km |
| vehicles | 13 Tatra T6A2 18 Tatra KT4D 9 PESA 120Nb |
| statistics | |
| Passengers | 57 400 per day (2008) |
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The tram Szeged is the second largest tram network in Hungary and the transport company Szegedi Közlekedési Kft. Operated (SZKT). In 2012, the Szeged tram used four lines with a total line length of 23.2 kilometers and a track width of 1435 millimeters. After a long period of stagnation, the rail network has been completely renewed since 2000 and a new line was inaugurated on March 2, 2012.
history
On March 1, 1857, the horse-drawn bus service began in Szeged , connecting the train station with the city center and several important inns in the city. After the city was almost completely destroyed by a catastrophic flood in 1879, it was rebuilt with international help. But then the need for public transport grew and the first horse-drawn tram route was built. In 1881 the concession for the horse-drawn tram was granted and three years later, on July 1, 1884, passenger traffic with horse-drawn trams and freight traffic with steam locomotives began. In the first full year of operation (1885) over 300,000 passengers were carried. The freight trains were driven by locomotives from Krauss & Comp. pulled with a power of 60 horsepower. At the turn of the century, the horse-drawn tram reached its capacity limits. Therefore, a plan for the electrification of the tram network was presented in 1899, but it was not approved until 1907. The first electric tram ran in Szeged on October 1, 1908 and connected the Szeged train station to the Rókus train station via the city center.
After the First World War , the regular service to the Újszeged district (New Szegedin) had to be stopped due to the Yugoslavian occupation, but was later resumed. Because of the recession , passenger numbers fell after 1920. Some lines have been discontinued and the timetable has been thinned out. In addition, two vehicles had to be sold to Miskolc (1924) and Novi Sad (1926) due to lack of money .
The network survived the Second World War virtually unscathed, even if traffic had to be suspended in the last days of the war. On October 19, 1944, traffic on the main line was resumed. Freight traffic on the tram routes decreased from the 1950s and was completely discontinued in 1971.
In the 1960s, the Hungarian Ministry of Transport and Postal Services recommended the abolition of tram traffic in the country. Instead, public transport should be switched to buses that were produced in Hungary itself. During this time the tram networks in Nyíregyháza , Pécs and Szombathely were closed . This decision was only revised after the oil crisis . After 1974, no further tram lines were shut down; instead, the first trolleybuses ran in Szeged from April 29, 1979 . Through the establishment and expansion of the trolleybus network, all funds of the SZKT transport company were tied up, so that the tram operating branch was neglected until 1996.
The renewal of the fleet of trams started when first the Czech manufacturer CKD Tatra three motor coaches of the type Tatra T6A2H were ordered. They were put into service from 1997. In 1998 the fleet was increased by another ten railcars of this type. The new Tatra trams replaced the FVV articulated trams that had been traveling on Line 1 for three decades.
Simultaneously with the construction of the Szeged Plaza shopping center, the terminus of line 1 at the Szeged-Rókus train station was modernized and a new terminus was built directly in front of the main entrance of the shopping center. This was put into operation in 2000.
Since the number of passengers on the tram increased, the frequency was increased and the old FVV trams (called Béngali ) were to be shut down , from 2005 onwards, used Tatra KT4D railcars from Potsdam and Cottbus gradually came to Szeged, plus six Tatra B6A2D sidecars Rostock, which were converted into guided railcars without a driver's cab and form tractions with the T6A2H .
In 2009 the construction of the new tram line 2 began, for which low-floor trams are being purchased from the Polish manufacturer PESA . The first PESA 120Nb lift arrived in Szeged on January 29, 2012, and the new line 2 was officially opened on March 2, 2012.
Lines
| line | Line route | length | Hold | Travel time | vehicles |
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| 1 | Szeged train station ↔ Szeged Pláza | 4.4 km | 14th | 20 min | Tatra KT4D , Tatra T6A2 , Tatra B6A2, PESA 120Nb |
| 2 | Szeged train station ↔ Európa Liget | 4.8 km | 16 | 24 min | PESA 120Nb |
| 3 | Tarján ↔ Vadaspark | 5.9 km | 16 | 24 min | Tatra KT4D, Tatra T6A2, Tatra B6A2 |
| 3F | Tarján ↔ Fonógyári út | 7.8 km | 20th | 30 min | Tatra KT4D, Tatra T6A2 |
| 4th | Tarján ↔ Kecskés | 6.2 km | 17th | 24 min | Tatra KT4D, Tatra T6A2, Tatra B6A2 |
| line 1 | Line 2 | Line 3 / 3F | Line 4 |
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Line 1: Szeged pályaudvar ↔ Szeged Pláza
This line follows almost the same route as the first horse-drawn tram line opened in Szeged. It connects the city center in the lower city with the northern parts of the city. It has crossed the city center since it opened as a horse-drawn tram on July 1, 1884 via Kárász utca. Electrical operation began on October 1, 1908. In 1927, the route in the city center was changed: since then, it has been running a little closer to the Tisza via Kelemen László utca and Zrínyi utca. In 1943 it was given line number 1. From 1974 to 1976 the tracks were renewed using the large composite slab construction method. However, this superstructure was not up to the stresses of everyday operation. This construction method was used between the stops Vásárhelyi Pál utca and Anna-kút and between Széchenyi tér and Bem utca .
This line has been renewed in sections since the mid-1990s. First, in 2000, the forecourt of Rókus station was redesigned after a shopping center had been built there. In 2008 the Anna-kút stop and the associated crossing area were completely renovated. During this period, the sections on Széchenyi tér and Gőz utca were also renovated. From summer 2009 to May 9, 2010, the sections Rókus station ↔ Anna-kút and Szeged station ↔ Aradi vértanúk tere were converted. On June 11, 2010, the reconstruction of the Anna-kút ↔ Aradi vértanúk tere section began . On December 15, 2011, traffic on the completely renewed line 1 was resumed.
The route of line 1 is completely double- tracked.
After the opening of the largely parallel line 2, line 1 ran every 15 minutes during rush hour , and every 20 minutes during off- peak hours during school hours . This cycle has been thinned out more and more, now (as of 2020) the trams on Line 1 only run every hour.
The long-term plan is to expand line 1 into a tram-train by continuing behind the Rókus station on the railway line to Hódmezővásárhely .
Line 2: Szeged pályaudvar ↔ Európa Liget
Line 2 has existed twice in the history of the Szeged tram. It was opened on May 7, 1927 and was given line number 2 in 1943. Its route was: Mérey utca, Margit utca (today: Gutenberg utca), Dugonics tér, Vitéz utca, Szivárvány kitérő, Vám tér, Vágóhíd (slaughterhouse). In 1953 it was extended by 350 meters to the terminal in Kecskes. With the line reform in 1972, the line to Kecskes was taken over by line 4. Since then, line 2 has been running between Etelka sor street along Felső Tisza part via Radnóti-gimnázium to Anna-kút. On February 28, 1977 line 2 along the Uferstraße was shut down because of the construction of the Bertalan híd (Bartholomäus Bridge).
The reason for the construction of the new tram route lies in the prefabricated housing estates in northern Szeged from the 1970s and 1980s . These were originally connected to the city with trolleybus and bus routes. In the 1990s, traffic on Rókusi körút became increasingly slow due to the new shopping centers and the increase in car traffic, including from Romania. But this also meant that the buses that served the area were stuck in traffic. The new 1.9 kilometer long tram route enables an efficient and reliable connection of the area to the city center and the main train station. It branches off from line 1 at the Vásárhelyi Pál út stop and initially runs on its own track in the middle of Rókusi körút. At the height of Rókusi II. Számú Általános Iskola , the tracks change to the north side of the road and end at the intersection with the Csongrádi sugárút in a double-track turning loop. The entire track is double-tracked and designed as a grass track.
The track construction for the new line 2 began in 2009. The completion was originally planned for mid-2010. Finally, the new route was opened on March 2, 2012.
Line 2 runs every 7.5 minutes during rush hour and every 8/12 minutes during school hours. During the daytime school holidays, as well as Saturdays and Sundays, the interval is 15 minutes. It only runs every 20 minutes in the early morning and late evening hours.
Line 3 (3F): Tarján ↔ Vadaspark (- Fonógyári út)
This line starts at the Tarján stop and runs along József Attila sugárút into the city center, crosses lines 1 and 2 at Anna-kut stop , stops near Kárász utcá (pedestrian zone) and leaves the city center in a westerly direction along Kálvária sugárút. At the Vadaspark stop, the journeys marked 3 end at a track triangle , while the journeys marked 3F continue along the Kálvária sugárút and, after crossing the railway line Szeged ↔ Békéscsaba at the same level, turn north into the Fonógyári út and just before the Dorozsmai út End of the track triangle. The north-eastern branch of the Tarján ↔ Dugonics tér is double-tracked, while the rest of the route to Fonógyári út is single-track . There are switches on this section at stops II. Kórház , Vadaspark and Belvárosi temető .
On the Tarján ↔ Vadaspark section, lines 3F and 3 run Monday to Friday during rush hour on school days every 10 minutes, during off-peak hours and during school holidays every 12 minutes, Monday to Friday, early in the morning and after 6 p.m. as well as on Saturdays, Sundays and on public holidays the interval is 20 minutes.
On the Vadaspark ↔ Fonógyári út section , the trams marked 3F run every 20 minutes during rush hour on school days and on Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays between 8 a.m. and 6 p.m. A train runs every 24 minutes during off-peak hours and during the school holidays, Monday to Friday. Operation starts Monday through Friday on this section at 6.30 a.m., but ends at 6 p.m., as on the weekend.
Line 4: Tarján ↔ Kecskés
This line starts at the Tarján stop and runs on the same route as line 3 to the city center, where you can change to lines 1 and 2 at the Anna-kut stop . At the Dugonics tér stop , it branches off from line 3 and runs in a south-westerly direction along a single track along the Petőfi Sándor sugárút and the Szabadkai út to the Kecskés terminus , where there is a turning triangle. There are alternative routes at the Szivárvány kitérő and Vám tér stops .
On November 5, 1908, this line was opened from Gedó mulató (today: Deák Ferenc Gimnázium ) via Széchenyi ter to Közvágóhíd (today: Szalámigyár ). In 1941 it was extended to Fodor . In 1943 the line was divided into lines 2 ( Somogyi ↔ Vágóhíd ) and 4 Széchenyi tér ↔ Fodor . In 1951, lines 4 and 5 were combined to form the new line 4 ( Fodor ↔ Széchenyi tér ↔ Újszeged ). As early as 1952, the line was split into 4 and 5 again. At the beginning of 1971, lines 2 and 4 were connected. Line 4 ran between Tarján and Ságvári (today: Kecskés ), while line 2 ran between Radnóti Gimnázium and Petőfitelep .
Line 4 runs every 10 minutes during rush hour Monday to Friday on school days, and every 12 minutes during off-peak hours and during school holidays from Monday to Friday. Early in the morning, in the evening as well as all day on Sundays and public holidays, every 20 minutes is offered. On Saturdays, from 8 a.m. to 12 p.m., every 10 minutes, the rest of the time every 20 minutes.
vehicles
Tatra KT4D
The Szeged tram operates 18 articulated multiple units of the type Tatra KT4D. They came from Potsdam and Cottbus to Szeged from 2004 to 2006 and 2008 to 2010. They were built in 1985 and 1990 and in Szeged they have car numbers 200 to 217.
Tatra T6A2H
13 Tatra T6A2H railcars are in regular service in Szeged. Three new railcars came to Szeged in 1997, and another 10 followed in 1998. They have car numbers 900 to 912.
Tatra B6A2D
In 2009 and 2010 4 used Tatra B6A2D sidecars came from Rostock to Szeged. They were specially developed for use with the T6A2 railcars and were built in 1989. For use in Szeged, they were converted into powered sidecars, equipped with pantographs and a drive with IGBT transistor control. They have the car numbers 950 to 953. They are used in conjunction with the T6A2H as traction units on lines 1, 3 and 4.
PESA 120Nb
These low-floor articulated railcars with the name Swing Szeged were procured by the Polish manufacturer PESA Bydgoszcz SA. They are 100% low-floor and consist of five car bodies. As with all trams in Szeged is mover carriage . They have a drive power of 4 × 105 kW, which is provided by three-phase asynchronous motors with IGBT control. They reach a top speed of 70 km / h. They have two rigid motor bogies in the front and rear modules , the middle module has a rigid running bogie. They are a total of 30.12 meters long, making them the second longest trams used in Hungary. Its capacity is 208 passengers (with 5 people per square meter), with 45 seats. The floor height is 350 millimeters, but rises to 480 millimeters above the bogies. On September 30, 2011, the first PESA 120Nb lift arrived in Szeged. A total of nine cars were ordered, the last one arrived in Szeged on May 26, 2012. They have the car numbers 100 to 108.
Depot
The Szeged tram depot is located on line 1 between the Szilánk stops and the Szeged-Rókus train station. It is used for both trams and trolleybuses.
