Stuart's dwarf shadow hummingbird

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Stuart's dwarf shadow hummingbird
Systematics
Class : Birds (aves)
Order : Sailor birds (Apodiformes)
Family : Hummingbirds (Trochilidae)
Subfamily : Hermits (Phaethornithinae)
Genre : Shadow hummingbirds ( Phaethornis )
Type : Stuart's dwarf shadow hummingbird
Scientific name
Phaethornis stuarti
Hartert, E , 1897

Stuart's dwarf shadow hummingbird ( Phaethornis stuarti ) or the white- browed hummingbird is a species of bird from the hummingbird family (Trochilidae). The distribution area of ​​this species includes the countries Peru and Bolivia . The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern .

features

The Stuarts dwarf shadow hummingbird reaches a body length of about 9 cm with a weight of the males from 2 to 2.5 g and the females from 2 to 3 g. The upper side is dull green with a little reddish-brown coloring at the end of the rump and on the under tail-coverts. It has a dark eye mask that is lined with white on the top. The whitish color of the throat changes to the cinnamon-colored to reddish brown on the underside. The male has a black chest band, which the female lacks. The long beak is slightly curved, with the lower beak mostly yellow. The pointed tail feathers are speckled whitish to yellowish brown. It looks similar to the red dwarf shadow hummingbird ( Phaethornis ruber longipennis Berlepsch & Stolzmann ).

Behavior and nutrition

The birds get their nectar from different flowers. They were observed on the rhombus species Erythrochiton fallax and on the heliconia species Heliconia subulata , which they approached about 1.5 meters above the ground. In the dry season they could be seen repeatedly on cobwebs to collect insects. This behavior could be a sign of breeding activity, as many hummingbirds breed in the dry season with high availability of arthropods . Mostly they sit in dense vegetation. When they fly, they usually do so at a height of about 1.5 meters above the ground.

Vocalizations

The chant consists of a decreasing accelerated series of high notes that sound like tsiii-tsii-tsii-tsi-ti-tututu ” and mix with step notes.

Reproduction

Their reproductive behavior has so far been little researched.

distribution and habitat

Distribution area of ​​Stuart's dwarf shadow hummingbirds

Stuart's dwarf shadow hummingbird inhabits the undergrowth of transitional forests between Várzea and Terra Firme rainforests, bamboo thickets, secondary vegetation, hilly tropical forest, scrub and similar habitats. It moves at altitudes around 1000 meters.

Subspecies

The species is considered to be monotypical .

Etymology and history of research

Ernst Hartert described the Stuart's dwarf shadow hummingbird under its current name Phaethornis stuarti . The type specimen was collected by Arthur Joseph Constable-Maxwell-Stuart (1845–1942) in Puerto Salinas on the Río Beni . In 1827 William Swainson introduced the genus Phaethornis for the Eastern long-tailed shadow hummingbird ( Phaethornis superciliosus ( Linnaeus , 1766)). The term “Phaethornis” is derived from the Greek words “phaethōn Φαέθων ” for “the shining one, the shining one” and “órnis όρνις ” for “bird”. The name »stuarti« is dedicated to its collector.

literature

  • Christoph Hinkelmann , Peter Boesman in: Josep del Hoyo , Andrew Elliott, Jordi Sargatal , David Andrew Christie , Eduardo de Juana: White-browed Hermit (Phaethornis stuarti) in Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive . Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • Ernst Hartert: Mr. Ernst Hartert exhibited an example of new species of Humming-Bird, which he described as follows . In: Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club . tape 6 , 1897, pp. 39-40 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • William Swainson: A Synopsis of the Birds discovered in Mexico by W. Bullock, FLS and HS and Mr. William Bullock, jun. In: The Philosophical magazine: or Annals of chemistry, mathematics, astronomy, natural history and general science. tape 1 , no. 85 , 1827, pp. 433-442 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Stefan Abrahamczyk, Michael Kessler: Ecological and distributional notes on hummingbirds from Bolivian lowland forests . In: Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club . tape 130 , no. 1 , 2010, p. 8-12 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).

Web links

Commons : Stuart's dwarf shadow hummingbird ( Phaethornis stuarti )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Christoph Hinkelmann u. a.
  2. ↑ Stefan Abrahamczyk et al. a. P. 11.
  3. ^ IOC World Bird List Hummingbirds
  4. ↑ a b Ernst Hartert, pp. 39–40.
  5. ^ William Swainson, p. 441.
  6. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 301