Synagogue (Enkirch)

Enkirch synagogue
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place	Enkirch
Construction year	1852
Coordinates	49 ° 58 '59.7 " N , 7 ° 7' 41.4" E Coordinates: 49 ° 58 '59.7 " N , 7 ° 7' 41.4" E

The synagogue in Enkirch was built in 1852 at Backhausstrasse 4. The synagogue was sold around 1933. Today it is used as an annex to a restaurant.

synagogue

There was a prayer room in Enkirch as early as 1852. The synagogue at Backhausstrasse 4 was inaugurated in 1852. In 1909 there was a fire in the synagogue which destroyed the interior. From around 1929, since the required minyan could no longer be achieved, services were only held on high Jewish holidays when Jewish residents from neighboring communities came along. In 1933 the synagogue was sold. The former synagogue building was converted into an extension to the neighboring restaurant and is still used in this function today.

Enkirch Jewish community

The first Jews settled in the Enkirch area as early as the 18th century. From the middle of the 19th century, the number of parishioners slowly declined. The community had a mikveh and a religious school. At times, a separate religion teacher was employed, who also performed the duties of prayer leader and shochet . The deceased were buried in the Jewish cemetery in Enkirch. From 1933, after the seizure of power of Adolf Hitler , the Jewish inhabitants were increasingly disenfranchised. In addition, there were repeated anti-Jewish actions. As a result, more Jewish families left Enkirch.

Development of the Jewish population

year	Jews	Jewish families	comment
1843	38
1895	35
1924	26th
1933	15th

Source: alemannia-judaica.de

Holocaust victim

In the memorial book - Victims of the Persecution of Jews under National Socialist Tyranny 1933–1945 and in the Central Database of the Names of the Holocaust Victims of Yad Vashem , the following members of the Enkirch Jewish community (who were born there or lived temporarily) are listed who were born during the Nazism were murdered:

Surname	First name	Time of death	Age	Place of death	comment	swell
Beermann	Emma	November 23, 1943	79 years	Theresienstadt ghetto	Deportation on December 15, 1942 from Berlin to Ghetto Theresienstadt (Transport I / 80. Deportation number in transport 9986).	Yad Vashem (database, dataset No. 4772883, 4088228 and 11470490) / memorial book for the victims of the Nazi persecution of Jews in Germany
Löb (Loeb, Lev)	Hermman (Herman)	May 19, 1945 or June 19, 1945	45 years	Flossenbürg concentration camp	Emigrated to Luxembourg. Interned in the Dachau concentration camp from November 15, 1938 to September 26, 1939 . Subsequently interned in the Buchenwald concentration camp and Sachsenhausen concentration camp . Deportation on April 23. 1945 from Sachsenhausen concentration camp to Flossenbürg concentration camp.	Yad Vashem (database, data set No. 7242534, 1835618 and 11582225) / memorial book for the victims of the Nazi persecution of Jews in Germany
deer	Rosalie	January 8, 1941	71 years	Lannemezan internment camp	Deportation on July 27, 1942 from Illingen to Gurs internment camp . Deportation at an unknown time to Lannemezan internment camp.	Yad Vashem (database, record no. 11524192) / memorial book for the victims of the Nazi persecution of Jews in Germany
Isaac	Max	unknown	unknown	Auschwitz concentration camp	Deported on June 15, 1942 from Cologne to Theresienstadt ghetto. Deported to Auschwitz concentration camp on October 19, 1944.	Yad Vashem (database, dataset No. 3598134, 4331817, 1862322 and 11527931) / memorial book for the victims of the Nazi persecution of Jews in Germany
Bell	Johann	unknown	unknown	Auschwitz concentration camp	Deportation on October 22, 1940 from Mannheim to Gurs internment camp. On August 15, 1942 deportation from Drancy assembly camp to Auschwitz concentration camp.	Yad Vashem (database, record no. 11564209) / memorial book for the victims of the Nazi persecution of Jews in Germany
Levy	Sophie	July 14, 1942	45 years	Litzmannstadt ghetto	Deported on October 16, 1941 from Cologne-Trier to the Litzmannstadt ghetto.	Yad Vashem (database, record no. 11575826) / memorial book for the victims of the Nazi persecution of Jews in Germany
Löb	Emma	unknown	unknown	Litzmannstadt ghetto	Deported on October 16, 1941 from Cologne-Trier to the Litzmannstadt ghetto.	Yad Vashem (database, record no. 11582183) / memorial book for the victims of the Nazi persecution of Jews in Germany
Löb	Gerda	unknown	unknown	Kulmhof extermination camp	Deported on October 22, 1941 from Cologne to Litzmannstadt ghetto. Deported in May 1942 to the Kulmhof extermination camp.	Yad Vashem (database, dataset No. 3944167, 11582205 and 7195067) / memorial book for the victims of the Nazi persecution of Jews in Germany
Löb	Hermann	unknown	unknown	Kulmhof extermination camp	Deported on October 22, 1941 from Cologne to Litzmannstadt ghetto. Deportation on May 6, 1942 to the Kulmhof extermination camp.	Yad Vashem (database, dataset No. 3967156 and 3972758) / Memorial book for the victims of the Nazi persecution of Jews in Germany
Löb	Siegmund	unknown	unknown	Litzmannstadt ghetto	Deported on October 16, 1941 from Cologne-Trier to the Litzmannstadt ghetto.	Yad Vashem (database, data set No. 4332682 and 11582289) / Memorial book for the victims of the Nazi persecution of Jews in Germany
Mayer	Martha	unknown	unknown	Auschwitz concentration camp	Deportation on January 8, 1944 from Frankfurt am Main to Ghetto Theresienstadt (Transport XII / 6. Deportation number in the transport: 33). On October 9, 1944 deportation to Auschwitz concentration camp (Transport Ep. Deportation number in transport: 479).	Yad Vashem (database, record no. 4766121 and 11591272) / Memorial book for the victims of the Nazi persecution of Jews in Germany
↑ There are different spellings of the name in the databases. Since the Yad Vashem database is partly based on handwritten reports on the victims of survivors, there are typographical errors here. Since all other data of the associated persons are absolutely identical, it can be assumed that they are the same person. While the memorial book for the victims of the Nazi persecution of Jews gives death as a result of imprisonment as the cause of death , the Yad Vashem database gives shooting as the cause of death . Yad Vashem relies on data set 1835618, in which the sister-in-law states the cause of death to be shooting by partisans . The sister-in-law gives the date of death June 19, 1945, while the memorial book states May 19, 1945.

literature

Stefan Fischbach, Ingrid Westerhoff: "... and this is the gate of heaven". Synagogues in Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland . Published by the State Office for the Preservation of Monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate , State Conservatory Office of the Saarland, Synagogue Memorial Jerusalem. ( Memorial book of the synagogues in Germany , 2). Verlag Philipp von Zabern , Mainz 2005, ISBN 3-8053-3313-7 , pp. 145-146.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c Enkirch . alemannia-judaica.de. Retrieved May 29, 2020.
↑ ^a ^b Zell / Mosel (Rhineland-Palatinate) . jewische-gemeinden.de. Retrieved May 29, 2020.
↑ Commemorative Book Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny in Germany 1933–1945 . Federal Archives. Retrieved May 29, 2020.
^ Central database of the names of Holocaust victims . Yad Vashem - International Holocaust Memorial. Retrieved May 29, 2020.

[LoHeLev-5] There are different spellings of the name in the databases. Since the Yad Vashem database is partly based on handwritten reports on the victims of survivors, there are typographical errors here. Since all other data of the associated persons are absolutely identical, it can be assumed that they are the same person. While the memorial book for the victims of the Nazi persecution of Jews gives death as a result of imprisonment as the cause of death , the Yad Vashem database gives shooting as the cause of death . Yad Vashem relies on data set 1835618, in which the sister-in-law states the cause of death to be shooting by partisans . The sister-in-law gives the date of death June 19, 1945, while the memorial book states May 19, 1945.

[alju-1] Enkirch . alemannia-judaica.de. Retrieved May 29, 2020.

[juge-2] Zell / Mosel (Rhineland-Palatinate) . jewische-gemeinden.de. Retrieved May 29, 2020.

[3] Commemorative Book Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny in Germany 1933–1945 . Federal Archives. Retrieved May 29, 2020.

[4] Central database of the names of Holocaust victims . Yad Vashem - International Holocaust Memorial. Retrieved May 29, 2020.