Synagogue (Neumagen)

Neumagen synagogue
place	New stomach
Architectural style	Slate quarry stone construction on the eaves
Construction year	1872
demolition	1959
Floor space	81 m²
Coordinates	49 ° 51 '13.1 "  N , 6 ° 53' 40.81"  O coordinates: 49 ° 51 '13.1 "  N , 6 ° 53' 40.81"  O

The synagogue in Neumagen was built in 1872 at Bogengasse 234 (today's Bogengasse 3). The synagogue was devastated during the November pogroms in 1938 . In 1940 the municipality of Neumagen acquired the building and sold it in 1956 to a private person who converted it into a workshop. In 1959 the building was demolished, except for parts of the outer walls. These were then integrated into the residential building that was newly built at this point and is still in use today. The residential building is now part of the center of the community of Neumagen.

synagogue

As early as 1828, the community had a synagogue in Bogengasse. Due to the development of the membership of the Jewish community, however, it had become too small. In 1872, with a public grant, a new synagogue was built at Bogengasse 234 (today's Bogengasse 3) right next to the old synagogue. The old synagogue building was converted into a school with an apartment for the teacher. In the synagogue was a question of a simple traufständigen slate quarry stone with a gable roof. The entrance portal with skylight was on the west gable side. A round window was let in above the portal, in the upper third of the gable wall. The long sides of the building each had two large arched windows. The prayer room had a cove ceiling . In 1909 the windows of the synagogue were smashed by strangers. The municipality of Neumagen refused to assume the costs for the repair. Around 1928 the interior of the synagogue was given new wall paintings. These works were probably carried out by the artist Max Lazarus from Trier . The interior of the synagogue was completely devastated during the November pogroms in 1938. After plans to convert the synagogue into a gymnasium had been rejected, the Neumagen community acquired the building in 1940 for 2796 RM and sold it in 1956 to a private person who converted the synagogue into a workshop. In 1959 the building was dilapidated and was torn down except for parts of the outer walls. A new building was built into which the still existing outer walls were integrated. The frame of the round window in the west gable, in which there is now a rectangular window, is still preserved today. In 2011, a notice board with a drawing of the former synagogue and a text was attached to the building. The building is part of the cultural monument center of the municipality of Neumagen.

Jewish community Neumagen

Jews probably settled in the Neumagen area as early as the 14th century, as a documentary mention of a Jewish resident from 1351 suggests. He had lent the von Neumagen men money. It was not until the 16th and 17th centuries that Jewish families were mentioned again in Neumagen, who during this time had to pay dues to the Counts of Sayn-Wittgenstein and the Counts of Isenburg as protective Jews . In the 19th century, the number of parishioners increased sharply and reached its peak in 1857. From this point on, the number of members decreased more and more. In 1889 the Neumagen synagogue community was officially founded, to which the Jewish inhabitants from Niederemmel , Minheim , Rivenich , Hetzerath and Sehlem also belonged. Since there were more Jewish community members in Niederemmel in 1910 than in Neumagen, the members of the Niederemmel Jewish community made an application for recognition as an independent Jewish community, but this was rejected. Thereupon the synagogue community of Neumagen changed its name and called itself from then on Synagogue community Neumagen-Niederemmel . The community had a mikveh and a Jewish religious school, which was converted into an elementary school in 1891 . His own religion teacher, later an elementary school teacher, was hired, who also took on the duties of prayer and shochet . The deceased were buried in the Jewish cemetery in Neumagen. From 1933, after the seizure of power of Adolf Hitler , the Jewish inhabitants were increasingly disenfranchised. In addition, there were repeated anti-Jewish actions that culminated in the November pogroms in 1938. As a result, other Jewish families left Neumagen or emigrated (including to the USA ). The last inhabitants of the Jewish faith were deported in 1942.

Development of the Jewish population

year	Jews	Jewish families	comment
1700		4th
1808	42 or 44		Different information in the source
1831	64
1843	75
1851	101
1857	109
1861	86
1868	78
1895	55
1925	44
1933	75		With Niederemmel
1935	40
1938	20th

Source: alemannia-judaica.de; jewische-gemeinden.de

The Memorial Book - Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny 1933–1945 and the Central Database of the Names of the Holocaust Victims of Yad Vashem list 18 members of the Neumagen Jewish community (who were born there or lived there temporarily) who were during the time of National Socialism were murdered.

literature

• Stefan Fischbach, Ingrid Westerhoff: "... and this is the gate of heaven". Synagogues in Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland . Published by the State Office for the Preservation of Monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate, State Conservatory Office of the Saarland, Synagogue Memorial Jerusalem. ( Memorial book of the synagogues in Germany , 2). Verlag Philipp von Zabern , Mainz 2005, ISBN 3-8053-3313-7 , pp. 282-283.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Neumagen . alemannia-judaica.de. Retrieved May 30, 2020.
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Neumagen / Mosel (Rhineland-Palatinate) . jewische-gemeinden.de. Retrieved May 30, 2020.
3. ↑ Stefan Fischbach, Ingrid Westerhoff: "... and this is the gate of heaven". Synagogues in Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland . Published by the State Office for the Preservation of Monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate, State Conservatory Office of the Saarland, Synagogue Memorial Jerusalem. ( Memorial book of the synagogues in Germany , 2). Verlag Philipp von Zabern , Mainz 2005, ISBN 3-8053-3313-7 , p. 283.
4. ↑ Informational directory of cultural monuments (Bernkastel-Wittlich district) (PDF) General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate. P. 63. Retrieved May 30, 2020.
5. ↑ Commemorative Book Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny in Germany 1933–1945 . Federal Archives. Retrieved May 30, 2020.
6. ^ Central database of the names of Holocaust victims . Yad Vashem - International Holocaust Memorial. Retrieved May 30, 2020.