Synagogue (Osann)

Osann synagogue
Image wanted
place	Osann
Architectural style	Quarry stone construction
Construction year	1898
Coordinates	49 ° 55 '13.4 "  N , 6 ° 57' 29.9"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 55 '13.4 "  N , 6 ° 57' 29.9"  E

The synagogue in Osann was built in 1898 on Hauptstrasse (today's Bernkasteler Strasse). The synagogue was devastated during the November pogroms in 1938 . A short time later, the synagogue was sold to a private person and converted into a shed that is still in use today.

synagogue

A synagogue existed in Osann before 1898. When it could no longer be used due to its disrepair, a new synagogue was built in 1898 in Hauptstrasse (today's Bernkasteler Strasse), financed by donations. The synagogue was traufständig built back from the road. Right next to it was the school building with the teacher's apartment, which is still preserved today. In the north side wall there were two large arched windows. The entrance was under a gable in the south side wall. Directly above the portal was an attached arched window and in the gable, on the top of which stood the Star of David , a round window. The entrance portal was joined by two large arched windows, analogous to the north side wall. The synagogue had a wooden women's gallery , which could be reached via a wooden staircase from the anteroom. The interior of the synagogue was designed in color. The east wall was painted with a leaf pattern and the ceiling with 4 cornucopia motifs . The floor of the synagogue was covered with ornamental floor tiles. The synagogue was devastated during the November pogroms in 1938 and sold to a private person some time later. Since then, the synagogue has been used as a shed. In the 1960s, the windows and the entrance portal on the south side were bricked up. A new entrance was created in the middle of the south wall, the women's gallery was removed and a concrete ceiling was put in. Parts of the Torah scroll , a Hebrew Bible and three benches are still preserved today .

Jewish community of Osann

Jews settling in Osann were first mentioned in a document in 1550. As protector Jews of the Counts of Manderscheid-Blankenheim, they had to pay taxes to them. With the loss of this status at the end of the 16th century, however, they had to leave Osann again. Only in 1664 did Jews resettle in Osann under Count Ferdinand-Ludwig von Manderscheid . The Jewish inhabitants living in Monzel also belonged to the Jewish community of Osann . The community had a mikveh and a religious school. At times, a separate religion teacher was employed, who also performed the duties of prayer leader and shochet . The deceased were buried in the Jewish cemetery in Osann. The number of parishioners increased by the middle of the 19th century. From the middle of the 19th century onwards there was more emigration and the number of Jewish community members declined. From 1933, after the seizure of power of Adolf Hitler , the Jewish inhabitants were increasingly disenfranchised. In addition, there were repeated anti-Jewish actions that culminated in the November pogroms in 1938. As a result, many Jewish families left the community. In 1935, at the instigation of the NSDAP local group Osann, the local council passed a resolution that prohibited members of the Jewish community living in the area from acquiring real estate and residential property and prohibited further immigration of Jews. In addition, all traders and residents were excluded from receiving public services if they traded with or dealt with the Jewish community members living in the village. At the end of 1939 there were no longer any members of the Jewish religious community living in Osann. In 2010 a memorial stele donated by a private individual was erected opposite the Osann primary school. The inscription reads:

In memory of
the expelled, deported
and murdered
Jews from Osann.
With the right
for the truth
to look
also which is
mandatory connected,
not part of the
true recognized
to conceal
(Einstein)

Development of the Jewish population

year	Jews	Jewish families	comment
1768		4th
1806	66
1808	57
1833	77
1843	104
1895	73
1927	24
1933	22nd
1938	14th

Source: alemannia-judaica.de; jewische-gemeinden.de

The memorial book - Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny 1933–1945 and the Central Database of the Names of the Holocaust Victims of Yad Vashem list 38 members of the Jewish community Osann (with Monzel) (who were born there or lived temporarily) who were during were murdered during the time of National Socialism .

literature

• Stefan Fischbach, Ingrid Westerhoff: "... and this is the gate of heaven". Synagogues in Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland . Published by the State Office for the Preservation of Monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate, State Conservatory Office of the Saarland, Synagogue Memorial Jerusalem. ( Memorial book of the synagogues in Germany , 2). Verlag Philipp von Zabern , Mainz 2005, ISBN 3-8053-3313-7 , pp. 307-308.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Andreas Lehnardt: Expertise on the Osanner Torah (PDF) alemannia-judaica.de. April 18, 2009. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
2. ↑ Andreas Lehnardt: Expertise on the Osanner Bible (PDF) alemannia-judaica.de. December 20, 2013. Accessed June 7, 2020.
3. ↑ ^{a b c} Osann with Monzel . alemannia-judaica.de. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
4. ↑ ^{a b c} Osann and Monzel / Mosel (Rhineland-Palatinate) . jewische-gemeinden.de. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
5. ↑ Stefan Fischbach, Ingrid Westerhoff: "... and this is the gate of heaven". Synagogues in Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland . Published by the State Office for the Preservation of Monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate, State Conservatory Office of the Saarland, Synagogue Memorial Jerusalem. ( Memorial book of the synagogues in Germany , 2). Verlag Philipp von Zabern , Mainz 2005, ISBN 3-8053-3313-7 , p. 308.
6. ↑ Commemorative Book Victims of the Persecution of Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny in Germany 1933–1945 . Federal Archives. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
7. ^ Central database of the names of Holocaust victims . Yad Vashem - International Holocaust Memorial. Retrieved June 7, 2020.