Synagogue (Niederzissen)

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Synagogue in Niederzissen in 2010
Synagogue after renovation (2012)

The Niederzissen Synagogue is located in Niederzissen , a municipality in the Ahrweiler district ( Rhineland-Palatinate ). The synagogue was built by the Jewish community in 1841 and is located in Mittelstrasse, where the local Jews owned several residential and commercial buildings. That is why the street was also called Jüdgass ( Judengasse ) by the Christian residents . Significant Genisa finds were found in the attic of the synagogue, some of which are on display in the annex adjoining the synagogue room.

history

The first synagogue building of the 19th century in the Ahrweiler district was built in Niederzissen in 1841. The synagogue in Niederzissen and the synagogue in Ahrweiler are the only synagogues in the Ahrweiler district that still exist today.

The synagogue in Niederzissen was built on the property of the head of the Jewish community in Niederzissen , Mathias Lehmann, and was opened on September 3, 1841 by Rabbi Dr. Aaron Auerbach (1810–1886) from Bonn inaugurated.

time of the nationalsocialism

On November 10, 1938 , the door of the synagogue was smashed with axes and the inventory smashed. Then everything, including Torah scrolls and prayer books , was thrown on the street. Due to the dense development around the synagogue, the building was not set on fire. In 1939 the synagogue was sold to a private person who set up a forge in it.

architecture

The quarry stone building was originally covered with slate . The floor area of ​​the building was around 50 m² and the women's gallery, in turn, had a floor area of ​​around 22 m². Although the now vacant building has been converted into a workshop in the last few decades, some architectural elements of the synagogue are still recognizable. On the south side the gable ends with an oculus and on the east facade there are two high arched windows .

Before the renovation

The former synagogue building was in a very shabby condition. The roof, which was previously covered with slate, now consisted of Eternit panels and the western extension was only added after 1945. The entrance, broken through on the south side, with a sliding iron gate, did not reveal the former portal of the synagogue. The three windows above were also reduced in height after 1945.

Place of remembrance and meeting place

On November 9th, 2009 the Niederzissen municipal council decided to buy the synagogue building and in February 2010 the state of Rhineland-Palatinate promised to cover a third of the costs. The building was restored in 2011 and it has been restored to its external condition prior to the establishment of the forge. On March 18, 2012, the former synagogue was reopened to the public as a memorial and meeting place.

Showcase with Genisa finds: tied bundle with writings, willow wreaths for the Feast of Tabernacles

Genisa finds

According to Andreas Lehnardt, the Genisa finds in Niederzissen are among the most important in Germany.

literature

  • Udo Bürger: Niederzissen . In: Hans Warnecke (Hrsg.): Evidence of Jewish life in the Ahrweiler district . ARE Buchhandlung, Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler 1998, ISBN 3-929154-23-4 , pp. 111–128.
  • Anne Wagner and Richard Keuler: The synagogue building in Niederzissen through the ages . In: Heimat-Jahrbuch 2011 Kreis Ahrweiler , ed. from the district of Ahrweiler , Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler 2010, pp. 179-183, ISSN  0342-5827 . [not evaluated]
  • Anne Wagner: Jewish life in Niederzissen. An investigation of socio-economic developments in the context of Jewish emancipation and industrialization. Niederzissen 2018, ISBN 978-3-00-059454-0 .
  • Falk Wiesemann (ed.): Evidence of Jewish life in Niederzissen. Genisa finds in the former synagogue . Kultur- und Heimatverein Niederzissen, Niederzissen 2012, ISBN 978-3-00-039493-5 . [not evaluated]

Web links

Commons : Synagoge (Niederzissen)  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Andreas Lehnardt and Annette Weber: Genisa Niederzissen. Project perspectives and classification of Genisa Niederzissen in the research on modern Genisot . In: Falk Wiesemann (Ed.): Evidence of Jewish life in Niederzissen. Genisa finds in the former synagogue . Kultur- und Heimatverein Niederzissen, Niederzissen 2012, ISBN 978-3-00-039493-5 , p. 30

Coordinates: 50 ° 27 '28.7 "  N , 7 ° 13' 14.3"  E