Taddeo Duno

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Taddeo Duno or Taddeo Duni or Thaddaeus Dunus (* 1523 in Locarno ; † 1613 in Zurich ) was a Swiss doctor and scientist who worked in Asso , Locarno and as a city ​​doctor in Zurich. He was one of the leading Protestant religious refugees ( exiles ) who were expelled from Locarno to Zurich in 1555. He conducted research on scientific, medical, historical and theological topics and wrote writings and translations on them.

Life

Duno came from a noble family from Ascones who moved to Locarno. After 1539, through the teacher and reformer Giovanni Beccaria , he was one of the first to adopt the evangelical faith and, along with Lodovico Ronco, Giovanni and Martino Muralto and Luigi Orello, was one of his closest circle. He studied medicine and fine arts in Basel from 1545 to 1547 , where he met Andrea Vesalio , and from 1547 to 1548 in Pavia , where he received his doctorate. The humanist and leading doctor in Europe, Gerolamo Cardano, also worked there.

Duno worked as a doctor in the Lombard village of Asso near Como until 1551. During this time he married Elisabetta di Curioni, who bore him two daughters there. His evangelical convictions earned him a complaint at the Inquisition in Milan , so that he had to return to Locarno. There, too, there was hostility from Catholic clergy and political leaders, the Catholic towns and the governor. Duno wrote letters to Heinrich Bullinger and asked Protestant Zurich for help. The Evangelicals had to return to the Catholic faith or leave Locarno in March 1555. Duno and the 160 emigrants turned through the Misox and over the San Bernardino to Zurich, where they were accepted. In May 1555 he also arrived in Zurich and continued to practice his medical profession there. He first worked for the Italian-speaking refugees, later as a city doctor. Duno died in 1513 at the age of 90, he had 7 children, only one of whom survived.

Works

Knowing the medical theories of Hippocrates and Galenus , he turned his attention to nature observation and epidemiology from 1555 onwards . The results of his deliberations were later collected in De respiratione contra Galenum (1588). The work Epistolae medicinales (1555 for the first time, expanded in 1592) represents a first study of the connection between the weather and the occurrence of diseases. The polymath Konrad Gessner valued Duno very much and often gave him medical literature for assessment.

In addition to an intensive academic activity in the field of medicine, he translated works of history and mathematics into Latin, as well as theological treatises of the Italian refugee pastor of Zurich Bernardino Ochino and theology professor Pietro Martire Vermigli .

In 1595 he wrote a book with the title: About the pilgrimage of the sons of Israel in Egypt , in which he also referred to the fate of the Evangelical Locarnos.

In 1602 Duno also wrote a report with 25 chapters in Latin, so that posterity could learn about the prosperity of the Evangelical Locarnos from 1540 to 1602. The headline of his report read: Short and true account of the persecution set up against the Locarns and the exile imposed on them because of their religion, for the edification of the Church of Christ, recorded in writing by an eye and ear witness who was also affected by the expulsion ; started in the year of the Lord 1540 and continued until 1555, from then until 1602. It also described the difficult integration of the exiles in Zurich: The Locarnesi who found themselves in this city initially felt lost because of the foreign language, because of the way of life and the style of dressing, because of the customs of the people, which were so different from those of their homeland. This is not surprising, especially as far as the poor are concerned: Even if at that time everything cost little and one got along with little, one gradually got used to the way of life and the style of dressing, one adopted the laws and the constitution of the city and learned the language, enduring with steadfastness and valiant courage, and by putting hope in the Lord. The number of men, women and children who went into exile was 130. Quite a few, however, stayed at home, unable to bear the burden of lifelong displacement from their place of birth: they preferred to submit to the tyranny of the Antichrist instead to carry the cross and follow Christ.

Duno's works and digital copies are at e-rara.ch today.

reception

Duno's writing from 1602 in particular attracted greater attention in the 19th century: Ferdinand Meyer used it for his work from 1836: The Protestant Congregation in Locarno, their emigration to Zurich . The church historian Karl Benrath translated it into Italian in 1873, and it appeared in the Rivista cristiana at Claudiana Verlag in Florence .

On the occasion of the 500th anniversary of the Reformation in 2017 , the theologian Paul Steinmann developed a theater project to which Stefano Nicastro contributed the music and Remo Sangiorgio directed. The bilingual game about the exile of the Reformed community of Locarno is called l'espulsione - the expulsion and is also based on the font Dunos From the persecution of the Locarnesi from 1602.

literature

  • Simona Canevascini and Piero Bianconi : L'esilio dei protestanti Locarnesi, Armando Dadò, Locarno 2005. ISBN 88-8281-170-0 , pages 149-183.
  • Raffaello Ceschi: Contrade Cisalpine. Armando Dadò Editore, Locarno 1987, pp. 68-73.
  • Albert Chenou: Taddeo Duno et la Réforme à Locarno. In: AST 71, 1971, pp. 237-294.
  • Pablo Crivelli: Taddeo Duno. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . August 4, 2004 , accessed January 19, 2020 .
  • Fritz Ernst: Taddeo Dunos report on the emigration of the Protestant Locarnians to Zurich in a German translation of the 17th century. Zwingliana, Zurich.
  • Ferdinand Meyer : The Protestant community in Locarno, their emigration to Zurich. Volume 2, Zurich 1836.
  • Rudolf Pfister : For the sake of faith. The Protestant refugees from Locarno and their admission to Zurich in 1555. Evangelischer Verlag, Zollikon 1555.
  • Carl Salzmann: Thaddeo Duno von Locarno as a city doctor in Zurich. A biographical study. Quarterly journal of the Natural Research Society in Zurich, 85, 1940, page 337.
  • Mark Taplin: The Italian Reformers and the Zurich Church, c. 1540-1620. St. Andrews Studies in Reformation History, Routledge, 2017, ISBN 978-1-35188-729-8 .
  • Manfred Edwin Welti: Small history of the Italian Reformation. Volume 193, Writings of the Association for Reformation History, Gütersloher Verlagshaus Gerd Mohn, Gütersloh 1985, digitized 2006 University of Michigan, ISBN 978-3-5790-1663-4 , p. 102.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Rudolf Pfister: For the sake of faith. The Protestant refugees from Locarno and their admission to Zurich in 1555. Evangelischer Verlag, Zollikon 1955, page 24.
  2. ^ Rudolf Pfister, Die Reformationsgemeinde Locarno, 1540-1555 , in: Zwingliana, 10/3 (1955), ISSN  0254-4407 ; on-line
  3. ^ Mark Taplin: The Italian Reformers and the Zurich Church, c. 1540–1620 , St. Andrews Studies in Reformation History, Routledge, 2017, ISBN 978-1-35188-729-8 .
  4. ↑ Rudolf Pfister: For the sake of faith. The Protestant refugees from Locarno and their admission to Zurich in 1555. Evangelischer Verlag, Zollikon 1555, pages 136-138.
  5. ↑ Rudolf Pfister: For the sake of faith. The Protestant refugees from Locarno and their admission to Zurich in 1555. Evangelischer Verlag, Zollikon 1555, pages 9-10.
  6. ^ R500: The expulsion - A game about the exile of the Reformed community of Locarno in 1555 , Simona Canevascini Venturelli: On March 3rd, the prescribed date, they left their homes. Ticino 500 anni riforma, page 5.
  7. ↑ Taddeo Duno works on e-rara.ch
  8. ↑ Simona Canevascini and Piero Bianconi: L'esilio dei Protestant Locarnesi. Armando Dadò Editore, Locarno 20015. ISBN 88-8281-170-0 , pages 149-183: Taddeo Duno.
  9. ↑ Paul Steinmann: L'espulsione - Una pièce sull'esilio della Comunità dei Riformati locarnesi nel 1555. The expulsion - A play about exile of the reformed community of Locarno in 1555. Associazione R500 ( Memento of the original October 10, 2017 Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.riforma500teatro.ch
  10. ↑ Fritz Ernst: Taddeo Dunos report on the emigration of the Protestant Locarnians to Zurich in a German translation of the 17th century: The Warhaffte Geschicht der Locarneren, written by one person because of the lack of faith in their fatherland, written by one person (D. Thaddaeum Dunum) which darbey, and with gseyn, also seen all the action, from the beginning to the end, namely from the MDXL, up to the MDLV jar, and then up to the MDCII .
  11. ↑ https://books.google.ch/books?id=oYNmAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA3&lpg=PA3&dq=manfred+e.+welti+a+small+history+of+Italian+reformation&source=bl&ots=ew9F3HyuuU&sig=_3viDki1 .saxc=aved ==3viDki1 .saxcylUved = 0ahUKEwi4-JSsqrHXAhVIXhQKHYNTC0MQ6AEIMzAC # v = onepage & q = manfred% 20e.% 20welti% 20eine% 20small% 20History% 20der% 20Italian% 20Reformation & f = false
personal data
SURNAME Duno, Taddeo
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Duni, Taddeo; Dunus locarmensis; Dunus Locarmensis, Thaddaeus; Dunus, Thaddaeus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss doctor, historian, scientist, translator and author in Locarno and Zurich
DATE OF BIRTH 1523
PLACE OF BIRTH Locarno
DATE OF DEATH 1613
Place of death Zurich