Masatoshi Takeichi

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Masatoshi Takeichi ( Japanese 竹市 雅 俊 , Takeichi Masatoshi ; born November 27, 1943 ) is a Japanese cell and developmental biologist . He is considered one of the pioneers in research into cell adhesion , especially the cadherin family of proteins .

Thomson Reuters counts Takeichi among the favorites for a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ( Thomson Reuters Citation Laureates ).

Life

Takeichi earned a bachelor's degree in biology from Nagoya University in 1966 and a master's degree in 1968 . In 1973 he obtained a Ph.D. from Kyoto University. in biophysics . As early as 1970 he held a position as a scientific assistant at the University of Kyoto , in 1978 he received a first professorship there, and in 1986 a full professorship for biophysics. From 1993 to 1998 he was head of the Center for Molecular Biology and Developmental Biology . From 1992 to 1997, Takeichi was visiting professor at the National Institute for Basic Biology in Okazaki . From 1999 to 2002 he was Professor of Biophysics at the Graduate School of the University of Kyoto, and since 2000 he has been Director of the RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology in Kobe .

Act

Takeichi was able to contribute significantly to the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of cell adhesion , in particular cell-cell adhesion. Here he was able to demonstrate that there are calcium- dependent and non-calcium-dependent processes, of which the former play an essential role in how cells sort in higher organisms and in the tendency of certain tumors to form metastases . He discovered that cells in different tissues express different transmembrane proteins , the cadherins , as representatives of the calcium-dependent cell adhesion molecules . Epithelia express E-cadherin, nerve cells express N-cadherin and non- embryonic cells express P-cadherin. Takeichi demonstrated that E-cadherins and N-cadherins in particular can bind homophilically as so-called classic cadherins, i.e. E- with E-cadherin and N- with N-cadherin. Takeichi was able to show that cadherins play an important role in embryonic development and in the development, maintenance and function of synapses in the nervous system . By detecting cadherins in Drosophila , he was able to show that the protein family is evolutionarily strongly conserved. In the cadherins protein family, over 80 different cadherins are known in humans alone.

Takeichi's other works deal with α- catenin and its importance for the mediation of cell adhesion by cadherins. He was able to show that the cadherin-catenin system is disrupted in many cancer cells . More recent work deals with the biological function of other, non-classical members of the cadherin family (such as the protocadherins ) and with the interaction of the cadherins with intracellular structures and processes such as the cytoskeleton or cell motility .

Awards (selection)

Fonts (selection)

  • M. Takeichi: Functional correlation between cell adhesive properties and some cell surface proteins. J. Cell Biol. 1977, 75, 464-474.
  • N. Yoshida, M. Takeichi: Teratocarcinoma cell adhesion: Identification of a cell surface protein involved in calcium-dependent cell aggregation. Cell 1982, 28, 217-224.
  • K. Hatta, M. Takeichi: Expression of N-cadherin adhesion molecules associated with early morphogenetic events in chicken embryos. Nature 1986, 320, 447-449.
  • Y. Shirayoshi, K. Hatta, M. Hosoda, S. Tsunasawa, F. Sakiyama, M. Takeichi: Cadherin cell adhesion molecules with distinct binding specificities share a common structure. EMBO J. 1986, 5, 2485-2488.
  • A. Nagafuchi, Y. Shirayoshi, K. Okazaki, K. Yasuda, M. Takeichi: Transformation of cell adhesion properties by exogenously introduced E-cadherin cDNA. Nature 1987, 329, 341-343.
  • A. Nose, A. Nagafuchi, M. and Takeichi: Expressed recombinant cadherins mediate cell sorting in model systems. Cell 1988 54, 993-1001.
  • S. Hirano, N. Kimoto, Y. Shimoyama, S. Hirohashi, M. Takeichi: Identification of a neural α-catenin as a key regulator of cadherin function and multicellular organization. Cell 1992, 70, 293-301.
  • H. Togashi, K. Abe, A. Mizoguchi, O. Chisaka, M. Takeichi: Cadherin regulates dendritic spine morphogenesis. Neuron 2002, 35, 77-89.
  • W. Meng et al .: Anchorage of microtubule minus ends to adherens junctions regulates epithelial cell-cell contacts. Cell 135,948-59 (2008)
  • T. Ishiuchi et al .: Mammalian Fat and Dachsous cadherins regulate apical membrane organization in the embryonic cerebral cortex. J Cell Biol 185, 959-67 (2009)
  • K. Taguchi et al .: Mechanosensitive EPLIN-dependent remodeling of adherens junctions regulates epithelial reshaping. J Cell Biol 194,643-56 (2011)
  • T. Ishiuchi, M. Takeichi: Willin and Par3 cooperatively regulate epithelial apical constriction through aPKC-mediated ROCK phosphorylation. Nat Cell Biol 13,860-6 (2011)
  • T. Nishimura et al .: Planar cell polarity links axes of spatial dynamics in neural-tube closure. Cell 149.1084-97 (2012)
  • N. Tanaka et al .: Nezha / CAMSAP3 and CAMSAP2 cooperate in epithelial-specific organization of noncentrosomal microtubules. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 49.20029-34 (2012)

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hall of Citation Laureates at Thomson Reuters (sciencewatch.com); Retrieved May 24, 2013
  2. ↑ Keith R. Porter Lecture at the American Society for Cell Biology (ascb.org); Retrieved May 25, 2013
  3. ^ Asahi Prize (English); Retrieved May 25, 2013
  4. ↑ Takeichi, Masatoshi at the Japanese Academy of Sciences (www.japan-acad.go.jp); Retrieved May 26, 2013
  5. ^ The 2001 Keio Medical Science Prize Awardees at the Keio University Medical Science Fund (ms-fund.keio.ac.jp); Retrieved May 25, 2013
  6. ↑ Book of Members 1780 – present (PDF, 348 kB) of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (www.amacad.org); Retrieved May 25, 2013
  7. ↑ Dr. Masatoshi Takeichi at the Japan Prize Foundation (japanprize.jp); Retrieved May 25, 2013
  8. ^ The 2005 (21st) Japan Prize at the Japan Prize Foundation (japanprize.jp); Retrieved May 25, 2013
  9. ↑ Masatoshi Takeichi at the National Academy of Sciences (nasonline.org); Retrieved May 25, 2013
personal data
SURNAME Takeichi, Masatoshi
ALTERNATIVE NAMES 竹市 雅 俊, Takeichi Masatoshi
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Japanese cell and developmental biologist
DATE OF BIRTH November 27, 1943