Diving license

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Nitrox certification from NAUI

A diving license or diving badge , also called brevet , is proof of successfully completed diving training . Divers record dives in a log book . Diving license and logbook are used to document the level of training and experience of a diver.

recognition

Overview of the PADI brevets.
Overview of the CMAS certifications.
Overview of the SSI certifications.

The certification or certification is usually carried out by the instructing diving instructor and then issued by diving organizations , diving schools and clubs. The most important global training organizations are PADI , SSI , CMAS and NAUI . The training of all major international diving organizations meet the requirements of international standards ISO  24801 and 24802, which is why the diving licenses of the other organizations are recognized and a diving students can begin training problems at another diving organization. However, there can be problems with the recognition of certifications issued by a smaller local or national organization.

Diving brevets are used by diving bases , instructors, guides or buddy to assess whether a diver is able to participate in a planned dive. Diving centers usually make the rental of diving equipment and participation in diving excursions and dives dependent on the submission of a diving license, a logbook and a medical certificate of suitability for diving .

In addition to civilian diving licenses, there are also military ones, some of which are comparable to civilian training courses or go far beyond them.

Legal

Diving brevets certify a diver - at the time of certification - to have sufficient knowledge and skills to e.g. B. diving without the accompaniment of a diving instructor , going below certain depths or even leading entire diving groups. Since the diving licenses for recreational diving are not official documents, they are only intended as recommendations. In some countries, however - such as B. in Australia - diving without the appropriate certification is prohibited by law. For professional diving guides and instructors, the diving license, which confirms their training as a diving guide or instructor, has the meaning of a professional certificate or certificate of competence .

Brevet comparison

Almost every diving organization has its own names for the different certification levels. In addition to the designation, their content and the associated requirements and recommendations can differ significantly. A direct comparison between the various organizations and their brevets is therefore only possible to a limited extent. The ISO standards are used below as a reference.

The following table is an aid and not a basis for issuing equivalent certifications. This can only be done after an assessment of the diver by a diving instructor. If necessary, he or she can demand and carry out refresher or additional training from a diver.

ISO CMAS NAUI PADI SSI
ISO  11121
Introductory Training programs to scuba diving
(translated from English: introduction programs to scuba diving ) 		  NAUI Skin Diver
  • Bubblemaker
  • Discover Scuba Diving
  • Try scuba
  • Try scuba diving
ISO 24801-1 ( DIN  EN  14153-1)
Supervised Diver
(translated from English: Supervised diver ) 		NAUI Passport Diver PADI Scuba Diver SSI Scuba Diver
ISO 24801-2 (DIN EN 14153-2)
Autonomous Diver
(translated from English: Independent diver ) 		CMAS * Diver NAUI Scuba Diver PADI Open Water Diver SSI Open Water Diver
PADI Adventure Diver
    NAUI Advanced Scuba Diver PADI Advanced Open Water Diver SSI Advanced Adventurer
        SSI Specialty Diver
  SSI Advanced Open Water Diver
  CMAS ** Diver PADI Rescue Diver SSI Diver Stress and Rescue
  NAUI Master Scuba Diver PADI Master Scuba Diver SSI Master Diver
ISO 24801-3 (EN 14153-3)
Dive Leader
(translated from English: dive guide ) 		CMAS *** Diver NAUI Divemaster PADI Divemaster SSI Dive Guide
  SSI Divemaster
ISO 24802-1 (DIN EN 14413-1)
Scuba Instructor Level 1
(translated from English: diving instructor level 1 ) 		NAUI Assistant Instructor PADI Assistant Instructor SSI Dive Control Specialist
ISO 24802-2 (DIN EN 14413-2)
Scuba Instructor Level 2
(translated from English: diving instructor level 2 ) 		CMAS diving instructor * NAUI instructor PADI Open Water Scuba Instructor SSI Open Water Instructor
  CMAS diving instructor ** PADI Master Scuba Diver Trainer SSI Advanced Open Water Instructor
    NAUI Staff Instructor PADI IDC Staff Instructor SSI Divemaster Instructor /
SSI Dive Control Specialist Instructor
      PADI Master Instructor SSI Master Instructor
  CMAS diving instructor *** NAUI Instructor Trainer PADI Course Director SSI Instructor Trainer
    NAUI Course Director / Examiner PADI Examiner SSI Instructor Certifier
Diver training level

The certifications of some CMAS sub-associations (e.g. VDST ) can differ considerably from the requirements of CMAS International, as the individual sub-associations have the opportunity to offer different training courses.

Specialty courses

Most dive organizations offer special courses (English. Specialtyies ) on to learn special skills or underwater activities. Examples of such course modules are the night diving , deep diving , underwater orienteering , dry suit diving , cave diving , ice diving , diving with Nitrox , with rebreather , solo diving , Handicapped Diving , children diving , drift diving or altitude diving . In addition, interests of divers such as B. underwater photography , underwater videography, freshwater biology or marine biology covered by appropriate courses. Successful completion of specialty courses can be a prerequisite for acquiring higher brevets.

Apnea certifications

In contrast to scuba diving , diving certificates for freediving are less common.

The CMAS offers three training levels (CMAS Level 1, 2 and 3). Here, too, the individual sub-organizations of CMAS themselves can deviate from.

PADI has four certifications for divers (Basic Freediver, Freediver, Advanced Freediver and Master Freediver), three certifications for diving instructors (Freediver Instructor, Advanced Freediver Instructor and Master Freediver Instructor) as well as one certification for diving instructor training (Freediver Instructor Trainer) .

SSI has four levels for divers (Freediving Basic and Freediving Level 1, 2 and 3) and three levels for diving instructors (Freediving Instructor 1, 2 and 3).

criticism

Critics particularly accuse the commercial training organizations of primarily pursuing material interests by issuing numerous different certification levels. Especially in the lower levels, student divers are given the illusion that they are already good at diving by emphasizing the importance of courses and exams compared to diving practice and constant practice.

In contrast, commercial training organizations are of the opinion that the main aim is to make the experience of the underwater world accessible to a broad masses in order to a. also to strengthen the interest in the protection and preservation of the same. A lower inhibition threshold for entering the sport is realized here by the fact that, especially in the entry-level courses, only the essentials are taught in order to be able to dive safely under appropriate conditions. Due to the modular orientation of the associations of American origin (e.g. PADI, SSI), only the material is taught that is necessary for the corresponding level or the corresponding type of diving (e.g. deep diving). Beginners are advised (and instructors are encouraged to emphasize this) that they should not dive in conditions more challenging than those in which they were taught.

In the end, many other non-commercial associations (e.g. VDST and other members of the CMAS) follow this logic by offering special courses that deal more intensively with the respective sub-areas.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Divers FAQ. There are so many diving organizations. Which is the best? dive.steha.ch, accessed on April 17, 2020 : “Because most of them now work according to the ISO 24801 standard, divers can easily change their diving organization. If you want to be able to dive worldwide, it is certainly worth taking diving courses at a diving school that is affiliated with one of the five major international diving organizations. "
  2. ↑ Divers FAQ. Do I have to have completed diving training to practice scuba diving? dive.steha.ch, accessed on March 7, 2017 : "For example, in Australia and some other countries, basic diving training - which at least meets the ISO 24801-1 standard - is required by law."
  3. ↑ a b Relevant Standards for the Certification of Trainings Organizations / System. EUF, accessed October 4, 2017 .
  4. ↑ Dive agency Crossovers BSAC, CMAS, SSI, NAUI & SAA to PADI , (English) James Brabyn, IDC Guide, accessed October 1, 2012
  5. ^ "CMAS International Diver Training Standards and Procedures Manual". Retrieved May 29, 2012 .
  6. ↑ CE and Iso Certification ( Memento of the original from October 22, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , (English) Naui Europe, accessed October 21, 2010 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.naui-europe.com
  7. ↑ Certificate. (PDF) No. EUF - CB 2007 004. EUF, accessed on December 2, 2013 .
  8. ^ PADI Education System. PADI, accessed November 19, 2012 .
  9. ^ Diving Association PADI - Professional Association of Diving Instructors ( Memento from April 24, 2008 in the Internet Archive ), Petra & Rolf Groß GbR, Offenbach, accessed: October 26, 2010
  10. ↑ Sebastian Rott: PADI receives ISO certification worldwide. (No longer available online.) Best-Soft, December 1, 2009, archived from the original on January 20, 2016 ; Retrieved December 2, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tauchwissen.de
  11. ↑ SSI training system - divers. SSI International, accessed November 19, 2012 .
  12. ↑ SSI training system - Dive Professional. SSI International, accessed November 19, 2012 .
  13. ^ SSI Equivalence Chart. SSI, accessed June 15, 2017 .
  14. ↑ Recreational diving services - Requirements for introductory training programs to scuba diving (ISO 11121). ISO , accessed April 29, 2015 .
  15. ↑ Recreational diving services - Requirements for the training of recreational scuba divers - Part 1: Level 1 - Supervised diver (ISO 24801-1). ISO , accessed April 29, 2015 .
  16. ↑ PADI receives ISO certification worldwide. EUF, archived from the original on September 27, 2013 ; Retrieved November 20, 2012 .
  17. ↑ Recreational diving services - Requirements for the training of recreational scuba divers - Part 2: Level 2 - Autonomous diver (ISO 24801-2). ISO , accessed April 29, 2015 .
  18. ↑ Recreational diving services - Requirements for the training of recreational scuba divers - Part 3: Level 3 - Dive leader (ISO 24801-3). ISO , accessed April 29, 2015 .
  19. ↑ a b SSI equivalences (PDF). (PDF) (No longer available online.) SSI International, formerly in the original ; Retrieved November 20, 2012 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.tauchturm.com  
  20. ↑ Recreational diving services - Requirements for the training of scuba instructors - Part 1: Level 1 (ISO 24802-1). ISO , accessed April 29, 2015 .
  21. ↑ Recreational diving services - Requirements for the training of scuba instructors - Part 2: Level 2 (ISO 24802-2). ISO , accessed April 29, 2015 .
  22. ↑ PADI COURSE CATALOG. Retrieved April 5, 2017 .
  23. ↑ Freediving Program
  24. ^ Stanford Suzuki: Unsafe at any Depth: PADI Scuba Diver. CDNN - Cyber ​​Diver News Network, archived from the original on January 6, 2006 ; accessed on April 1, 2014 (English): "In the meantime, we urge divers and PADI diving professionals to just say" No "to the PADI" Scuba Diver "course."
  25. ↑ Shane E. Paterson: SCUBA Diving. Agencies. University of Georgia , Athens, archived from the original on October 28, 2006 ; accessed on April 3, 2014 .