Tetraethylsilane

Structural formula
General
Surname	Tetraethylsilane
Molecular formula	C 8 H 20 Si
Brief description	clear, colorless liquid
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 631-36-7 EC number 211-155-0 ECHA InfoCard 100.010.142 PubChem 12426 Wikidata Q19756552
properties
Molar mass	144.33 g mol −1
Physical state	liquid
density	0.761 g cm −3 (25 ° C)
Melting point	−82.5  ° C
boiling point	153-154 ° C
solubility	almost insoluble in water
Refractive index	1.4263 (20 ° C)
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances Caution H and P phrases H: 226-315-319-335 P: 261-305 + 351 + 338
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C

Tetraethylsilane is a chemical compound from the group of organosilicon compounds and has the constitutional formula Si (C ₂ H ₅ ) ₄ .

Extraction and presentation

The production of tetraethylsilane by reacting silicon (IV) chloride with diethylmercury (M = Hg) or diethylzinc (M = Zn) in a sealed glass ampoule was first reported in 1863 by Charles Friedel and James Mason Crafts :

${\displaystyle {\ce {SiCl4{}+2M(C2H5)2->[\mathrm {140-160,{}^{\circ }C} ][](C2H5)4Si{}+2MCl2}}}$

properties

Tetraethylsilane has a flash point of 25 ° C. It is stable in contact with water and in air and does not react with nitric acid or concentrated potassium hydroxide . In the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum it shows the following signals:

chemical shift ( ppm )	Si – CH 2 -	-CH 3
1 H.	0.50	0.93
13 C	3.0	7.5

use

Tetraethylsilane reacts with halides of the 3rd main group (boron group) such as boron tribromide or gallium trichloride with high purity and yield to form the corresponding dihaloethyl compound:

${\displaystyle {\ce {(C2H5)4Si + BBr3 -> (C2H5)3SiBr + C2H5BBr}}}$

${\displaystyle {\ce {(C2H5)4Si4 + GaCl3 -> (C2H5)3SiCl + C2H5GaCl2}}}$

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i} Datasheet Tetraethylsilane, 99% from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on March 28, 2015 ( PDF ).
2. ↑ ^{a b c} C. Friedel, JM Crafts: About some new organic compounds of silicon and the atomic weight of this element . In: Annals of Chemistry and Pharmacy . tape 127 , no. 1 , 1863, p. 28 , doi : 10.1002 / jlac.18631270103 .
3. ^ Eugene G. Rochow: Silicium and Silicones. Springer-Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-662-09896-7 , pp. 49–51 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
4. ↑ > Manfred Hesse: Spectroscopic methods in organic chemistry. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2005, ISBN 978-3-13-576107-7 , p. 224 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
5. ↑ Wolfgang Einholz, Walter Gollinger and Wolfgang Haubold: Ligand exchange reactions between haloboranes and alkylsilanes. In: Journal of Nature Research B . 45, 1990, pp. 25-30 ( PDF , free full text).
6. ↑ H. Schmidbaur, W. Findeiss: A Simple Route to Organogallium Compounds . In: Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English . tape 3 , no. October 10 , 1964, p. 696 , doi : 10.1002 / anie.196406961 (English).