Textile chemistry

The textile chemistry is a research and development branch of chemistry and is also a major branch of the chemical industry. Textile chemistry deals with the chemistry and production of textile fibers as well as their refinement with textile chemicals . Another focus of textile chemistry is the development of auxiliaries , dyes and care products for the functional and aesthetic change of textiles and textile materials.

history

Around 5000 BC, the Sumerians made linen from flax. The use of textile dyes was already known in ancient times . The Phoenicians used purple to dye textiles. Washing textiles with soap is already mentioned by the Romans. In 1857, the chemist Mathias Eduard Schweizer discovered that a solution of copper oxide-ammonia, the so-called Swiss reagent, dissolved cellulose. In 1897 Max Fremery and Johann Urban applied for a patent for the production of fibers from the cellulose dissolved in this way. These artificial silk fibers, called cupro , were used in the textile industry. The first fully synthetic fiber, polyamide nylon , was developed by Wallace Hume Carothers in 1934 .

application

Textile chemistry deals with the structure of fibers and the various chemical aspects of the manufacture and treatment of textiles.

Austrian apprenticeship

In Austria, textile chemistry is offered as a three and a half year apprenticeship with dual training.

Organizations and institutions

Aachen-Dresden International Textile Conference
German Textile Research Center North-West eV
INDUSTRIEVEREINIGUNG CHEMIEFASER EV
German Wool Research Institute
German Institute for Textile and Fiber Research Denkendorf (DITF)

Individual evidence

↑ Purple: color from the sea .

↑ Soap production in the Middle Ages ( Memento of the original from August 25, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 766 kB). @1@ 2