Theodor Bell

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Ernst Heinrich Theodor Glocke (born November 20, 1859 in Erfurt ; died July 3, 1933 in Berlin ) was a German social democratic publisher and Berlin city councilor.

Life

Theodor Glocke learned the trade of a carpenter . In 1884 he joined the SPD and the trade union (Fachverein der Tischler, Berlin). He was a delegate at the social democratic party congress in St. Gallen in October 1887. Because of the Socialist Act , the party congress was 'illegal' and Glocke therefore used the cover name Georgi .

He ran in the Reichstag election in 1890 on February 20, 1890 for the SPD in the constituency of Nordhausen ( administrative district Erfurt ), although he did gain votes compared to the election of 1887, but was defeated by the liberal Fritz Schneider . In the Reichstag elections in 1898 and 1907 , Glocke also ran unsuccessfully in this constituency.

Glocke was managing director of the Berliner Volksblatt from June 1, 1888 and of the publishing house "Verlag Expedition der Buchhandlung Vorwärts (Th. Glocke)" from 1890. Glocke was also elected as a delegate for the International Workers' Congress in Paris in the spring of 1889 , which included the resolution on the May 1 hit.

At the trade union conference from November 16-17, 1890, Glocke was elected as "representative of the Berlin trade union movement" in the General Commission of Germany's trade unions , of which he was a member until 1892.

He was the editor of the weekly In free hours. A weekly journal. Novels and stories for the working people (1897-1919), published by the "Verlag Expedition der Buchhandlung Vorwärts (Th. Glocke)".

To commemorate March 18, 1848, the March Revolution in Berlin, which led to the so-called barricade uprising , the SPD published eight March newspapers from 1893 to 1900. The March newspaper from 1899 came from Theodor Glocke, he was also the author of the New Year's Eve festival newspaper from 1899 with the title "The Century", this leaflet took stock of 100 years of class struggle.

Theodor Glocke was z. B. because of the publication of a leaflet “Unemployed. Christmas newspaper for 1901 "according to § 130 StGB . accused and convicted. The reasoning of the court shows how strongly the Social Democrats in the German Reich were persecuted even after the fall of the Socialist Law.

From 1902 to 1933 he was a city councilor of the SPD in the Berlin city council . In 1920 he founded the Universitas Verlag in Berlin. On August 5, 1932, he resigned from his position as managing director of "Vorwärts GmbH", which he had held together with Otto Wels since 1919 .

His last address in Berlin was "Lausitzer Str. 52". He died on July 3, 1933 in Berlin. His persecuted comrades dedicated an obituary to him in the Prague New Forward .

Archival material

  • Karl Kautsky's estate. International Institute for Social History , Amsterdam. Signature D XI 173-174 (two letters to Karl Kautsky 1902) digitized
  • Decision of the Kgl. Berlin District Court in the trial against Theodor Glocke for a press offense. 1901 . in ibid, processes. Signature 1851.
  • Supervision of the social democratic carpenter Ernst Heinrich Theodor Glocke 1888–1902 .

literature

  • Paul Umbreit : 25 years of the German trade union movement, 1890-1915. Reminder for the 25th anniversary of the founding of the General Commission of the German Trade Unions. General Commission of the Trade Unions of Germany, Berlin 1915, p. 12. (Photography by Theodor Glocke, among others)
  • Siegfried Aufhäuser : Theodor Glocke on a 40-year service anniversary at Vorwärts. June 1, 1888 to June 1, 1928 . In: Vorwärts, Berlin 1928.
  • (Obituary): Neuer Vorwärts from July 16, 1933, No. 5 column 4.
  • Heinrich Walter: newspaper as a task. 60 years of the Association of German Newspaper Publishers, 1894–1954 . Association of German Newspaper Publishers, Wiesbaden 1954, p. 103.
  • Dieter Fricke : The German labor movement 1869-1914. A manual about their organization and activity in the class struggle . Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1976, pp. 152, 577, 578, 678.
  • Fritz Kirchner, Horst Propp: 1050 years of Nordhausen. Contributions to the history of the city of Nordhausen / published by the council of the city of Nordhausen on behalf of the commission for research into the history of the local labor movement at the district leadership of the SED. Nordhausen City Council, Nordhausen 1977, DNB 800809793 , OCLC 612355538 , p. 9.
  • Heinz Habedank u. a. (Ed.): History of the revolutionary Berlin workers' movement . Part 1. From the beginning until 1917 . Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-320-00824-2 , pp. 269, 300-302, 311, 322, 337, 345, 382, ​​529.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dieter Fricke: The German Workers' Movement 1869-1914 , p. 152.
  2. ↑ Heinz Habedank and a. (Ed.): History of the revolutionary Berlin workers' movement , p. 301.
  3. ^ Peter Kuhlbrodt: Chronicle of the city of Nordhausen. 1802 to 1989 . Geiger, Horb am Neckar 2003. ISBN 3-89570-883-6 , pp. 178 and 203.
  4. ↑ Heinz Habedank and a. (Ed.): History of the revolutionary Berlin workers' movement , p. 269.
  5. ^ "In 1890, what would later become the Vorwärts bookstore, initially as the publishing house Singer & Co., Lindenstrasse 3, was opened. Richard Fischer took over the management , the expedition Theodor Glocke ”. (Annemarie Lange: Berlin at the time of Bebel and Bismarck. Between the founding of the empire and the turn of the century . Deb, Berlin 1972 ISBN 3-920-303-65-2 , p. 685.)
  6. ↑ One of the publisher's first books was Wilhelm Liebknecht : Knowledge is Power . New edition. Berlin 1891.
  7. ↑ Heinz Habedank and a. (Ed.): History of the revolutionary Berlin workers' movement , p. 311.
  8. ^ Dieter Fricke: The German labor movement 1869-1914 , p. 678.
  9. ↑ DNB certificate.
  10. ↑ March 1848 - Revolution in Berlin by Dorlis Blume, March 2012 in Lemo Lebendiges Museum Online
  11. ↑ The newspaper contained drawings by the Czech artist Emil Holárek (1867–1919).
  12. ↑ "Anyone who publicly incites various classes of the population to engage in violence against one another in a way that endangers public peace will be punished with a fine of up to six hundred marks or imprisonment for up to two years."
  13. ^ Decision of the Kgl. Berlin District Court in the trial against Theodor Glocke for a press offense. 1901 .
  14. ↑ Dieter Fricke: The German labor movement 1869-1914 , p. 577 f.
  15. ^ The newspaper publisher. Trade journal for the entire newspaper industry . 1932, p. 568.
  16. ↑ Berlin address book 1933 . Scherl, Berlin 1933. Volume 1, p. 751.
  17. ↑ Christine Fischer-Defoy, Christiane Hoss: Put in front of the door. Berlin city councilors and magistrate members persecuted under National Socialism from 1933 to 1945 . (Exhibition Berlin City Hall September 30 - November 30, 2005, Berlin House of Representatives June 8 - July 8, 2006). Active Museum Association, Berlin 2006, p. 388.
  18. ^ Lorenz Friedrich Beck: Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv. Tradition from the Prussian province of Brandenburg . Colloquium-Verlag, Berlin 1999. ISBN 3-598-23256-X , p. 37.
personal data
SURNAME Bell, Theodor
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Glocke, Ernst Heinrich Theodor (full name); Georgi (cover name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German social democratic publisher and Berlin city councilor
DATE OF BIRTH November 20, 1859
PLACE OF BIRTH Erfurt
DATE OF DEATH July 3, 1933
Place of death Berlin