Theodor Rittler

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Theodor Rittler (born December 14, 1876 in Vienna , † March 4, 1967 in Innsbruck ) was an Austrian criminal lawyer .

Life

Theodor Rittler studied law and political science from 1895 at the University of Vienna (with Heinrich Lammasch , Ludwig Mitteis , Leopold Pfaff, Carl Stooss ) and at the University of Berlin (with Franz von Liszt ). In 1900 he entered the court service. In 1901 he received his doctorate in Berlin. From 1902 to 1912 Rittler worked in the Imperial and Royal Ministry of Justice ; he was secretary of the commission for a modernized penal code ( Hoegel draft). In 1908 he received his habilitation for criminal law and criminal procedure law at the University of Vienna . On October 1, 1912, Rittler was appointed full professor of law at the University of Innsbruck . In 1924 he was rector of the university. In 1952 he retired. In 1954, Rittler was a member of the legal commission for the reform of Austrian criminal law. He was a member of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in Vienna .

Rittler was an old man of the academic fraternity of Upper Austrian Teutons in Vienna . After he represented the Jewish student Philipp Halsmann , who was accused of parricide, in court and in the press, there were student protests against Rittler. After the intervention of the Innsbruck fraternity in Vienna, Rittler was excluded from his fraternity.

Rittler was a representative of objective crime theory (on the other hand, the subjective view of Ferdinand Kadecka and Friedrich Nowakowski ).

After 1945, Rittler propagated a legal theoretical foundation for the prohibition of retroactive effects in the War Crimes Act and Prohibition Act, which is why many Nazi crimes went unpunished. His opponent Wilhelm Malaniuk, on the other hand, tried, successfully until his death, to deal with the crimes in or in the Nazi state in a strict legal manner: "Because these are criminal acts that violate the laws of humanity so grossly that such lawbreakers have no claim on the guarantee function of the facts ".

Awards

Fonts (selection)

  • Issues, verdicts and verdicts examined under Austrian criminal procedural law. In: Wolfgang Mittermaier, Moritz Liepmann (eds.): Jury courts and jury courts: Contributions to their knowledge and assessment. Volume 1, Winter, Heidelberg 1908, SS 458–620 (habilitation thesis, University of Vienna, 1908).
  • Heinrich Lammasch : Outline of Austrian criminal law. 5th edition. Revised by Theodor Rittler. Austrian State Printing Office, Vienna 1926.
  • Textbook of Austrian criminal law. 2 volumes. Austrian State Printing Office, Vienna 1933/38; 2nd, revised edition: Springer, Vienna 1954/62.

literature

  • Festschrift dedicated to Theodor Rittler on the occasion of his seventieth birthday and presented by friends, colleagues and students (= magazine for Austrian law and comparative jurisprudence. Volume 1 (1946), No. 3/4). Rauch, Innsbruck 1946.
  • Siegfried Hohenleitner, Ludwig Lindner, Friedrich Nowakowski (eds.): Festschrift for Theodor Rittler on his eightieth birthday. Scientia, Aalen 1957 (with bibliography).
  • Günter Spendel : Theodor Rittler (1876–1967) - on his 90th birthday. In: Ders .: Criminologist portraits: nine biographical miniatures. Mut, Asendorf 2001, pp. 82-91.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Michael Gehler : Students and politics: the struggle for supremacy at the University of Innsbruck, 1918–1938. Haymon, Innsbruck 1990, p. 110.
  2. ↑ Stefan Hechl: Student anti-Semitism in Innsbruck (1918-1938) . Page 207, relating to Gehler, Students and Politics: The Struggle for Supremacy at the University of Innsbruck, 1918–1938.
  3. ^ Roland Pichler: People's jurisdiction and denazification . Page 150, referring to Lichtmannegger, The Law and Political Science Faculty of the University of Innsbruck 1945-1955 . Frankfurt am Main, Vienna a. a .: Lang 1999, p. 67
  4. ↑ Entry on Theodor Rittler in the Austria Forum  (in the AEIOU Austria Lexicon )
  5. ↑ cf. u. a. Claudia Kuretsidis-Haider in: Nazi Trials and the German Public - Occupation, Early Federal Republic and GDR (2012), p. 415; Claudia Kuretsidis-Haider “The people sit in court” (2006), p. 55ff; Malaniuk, textbook, p. 113 u. 385
  6. ^ Newsletter of the University of Innsbruck. 1956/57, p. 20.
personal data
SURNAME Rittler, Theodor
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian criminal lawyer
DATE OF BIRTH December 14, 1876
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH March 4th 1967
Place of death innsbruck