Thomas Lupo

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Thomas Lupo (baptized August 7, 1571 in London ; † December 1627 there ) was an English composer of the late Elizabethan era on the threshold of the Baroque . In addition to Orlando Gibbons , John Cooper and Alfonso Ferrabosco the Elder , he shaped the music for the viola da gamba and the viol consort .

Life

Lupo came from a family that had produced musicians for several generations. His father Joseph had come to London as a string instrument player from Venice via Antwerp , Thomas Lupo was probably born there. In 1588 he joined the court orchestra of Elizabeth I ; however, his service was not paid until 1591. Lupo remained in the service of the royal family for the rest of his life. During the Jacobean age he served Prince Henry from 1610 and Prince Karl from 1617 .

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Lupo was one of the formative composers for English viol music of the 17th century. He also created sacred vocal music. He probably composed a large number of works, none of which have survived. Many compositions for King's Musick from this period are attributed to Lupo.

A large part of his two- to six-part viol works were based on his previous employment at the court of Prince Karl. Many of these pieces use counterpoint and voice leading techniques of the Italian madrigal , especially the five- and six-part works. Lupo imitated the style of Luca Marenzio , whose compositions had made the madrigal known in England through Nicholas Yonges' collection Musica transalpina (1588).

His three- and four-part consort music is more independent, it often prescribes unusual line-ups such as B. three bass or three treble voices . Organ accompaniment is provided for some of the consort works . Lupo also composed numerous fantasies - twelve six-part, 35 five-part, 13 four- and 24 three-part - and a series of dances such as pavans , gaillarden and allemanden . Some of the fantasies are transcriptions of Italian madrigals.

List of works

Vocal music

With the exception of his two songs for The Lord Hayes Mask from 1607, exact dating is not possible; the vocal works, however, must have been written before the death of the copyist Francis Tregian (1574–1619). The anthems were probably written for the Chapel Royal , the other works for private households. Numbering and title follow the editions by Richard Charteris , therefore introduced here with "RC".

Motets

(for two sopranos, alto, tenor, bass)

  • RC-1 : Hay mihi domine
  • RC-2 : Jerusalem plantabis vineam
  • RC-3 : Miserere mei, Domine
  • RC-4 : Miserere mei, Domine
  • RC-5 : O vos omnes
  • RC-6 : Salva nos, Domine

Anthems

(mostly for two sopranos, alto, tenor, bass)

  • RC-1 : O Lord give ear to my complaint (four-part: soprano, alto, tenor, bass)
  • RC-2 : Have merci upon me, O God (first part)
  • RC-3 : For I knowledge my faults (second part)
  • RC-4 : Hear my prayer, O Lord (soprano, soprano or alto, 2 tenors, bass)
  • RC-5 : Out of the deep have I called unto thee
  • RC-6 : The cause of death is wicked sin (soprano, soprano or alto, 2 tenors, bass)

Secular vocal music

(except for the last: for voice with keyboard instrument, or with lute and bass viol)

  • RC-1 : Ayre: Daphnis came on a summers day
  • RC-2 : Masque Song: Shows and nightly revels
  • RC-3 : Masque Song: Time that leads
  • RC-4 : English madrigal: Ay me, can love and beauty so conspire (two sopranos, alto, two tenors, bass)

Instrumental music

This list is also based on the work of Richard Charteris . "VdGS" gives the count of the British Viola da Gamba Society . The key was determined on the basis of the preparatory drawing and final chord of the edition used. No distinction was made between alto and tenor viol.

With the fantasies, the editor distinguishes between an older and a newer type; the latter he identified by adding "[Air]" to the title. These more recent fantasies contain clearly homophonic passages and dance-like sections, always contain two parts in the treble clef (which may also have been intended for violins) and thus anticipate elements of the later trio sonata.

Two duos for two viols

(for two treble viols)

  • RC-1 (VdGS 1): Duo 1
  • RC-2 (VdGS 2): Duo 2

29 works for three viols

Seventeen fantasies
  • RC-1 (VdGS 2): Fantasia 1 g-Doric for treble, alto, bass viol
  • RC-2 (VdGS 3): Fantasia 2 g-Doric for treble, alto, bass viol
  • RC-3 (VdGS 4): Fantasia 3 D-Doric for treble and two alto viols
  • RC-4 (VdGS 5): Fantasia 4 in G major for two treble and alto viol
  • RC-5 (VdGS 6): Fantasia 5 in G major for two treble and alto viol
  • RC-6 (VdGS 8): Fantasia 6 in G major for two treble and alto viol
  • RC-7 (VdGS 9): Fantasia 7 in D-Doric for two treble and bass viol
  • RC-8 (VdGS 10): Fantasia 8 in D-Doric for treble, alto, bass viol
  • RC-9 (VdGS 11): Fantasia 9 in F major for treble, alto, bass viol
  • RC-10 (VdGS 12): Fantasia 10 in F major for treble, alto, bass viol
  • RC-11 (VdGS 13): Fantasia 11 in F major for treble, alto, bass viol
  • RC-12 (VdGS 14): Fantasia 12 F-mixolydian for treble, alto, bass viol
  • RC-13 (VdGS 15): Fantasia D-Doric for 3 Treble violls (also in G-Doric for three alto viols)
  • RC-14 (VdGS 22): Fantasia 14 D-Doric for treble and two alto viols (also in G-Doric for two alto and bass viol)
  • RC-15 (VdGS 24): Fantasia 15 G-mixolydian for two treble and alto viol
  • RC-16 (VdGS 26): Fantasia 'd- dorisch for 3 Base violls
  • RC-17 (VdGS 27): Fantasia 17 in F major for two alto and bass viol
Eight airs for three string instruments

(The title Air was chosen by the editor to emphasize the stylistic difference to the certainly older Fantasias 1 to 17.)
(For two violins or treble viols, as well as bass viol)

  • RC-18 (VdGS 7): Air in D minor
  • RC-19 (VdGS 20): Air d-Doric
  • RC-20 (VdGS 16): Air d-Doric
  • RC-21 (VdGS 17): Air d-Doric
  • RC-22 (VdGS 18): Air d-Doric
  • RC-23 (VdGS 19): Air d-Doric
  • RC-24 (VdGS 21): Air C-mixolydian
  • RC-25 (VdGS 23): Air C-mixolydian
Four pavans

(for treble, alto and bass viol)

  • RC-26 (VdGS 1): Pavan Bb major
  • RC-27 (VdGS 2): Pavan Bb major
  • RC-28 (VdGS 3): Pavan in G minor
  • RC-29 (VdGS 4): Pavan in G minor

Thirteen fantasies for four viols

(VdGS has them under the same numbers)

  • RC-1 : Fantasia 1 in A minor for treble, two alto, bass viol
  • RC-2 : Fantasia 2 in A minor for treble, two alto, bass viol
  • RC-3 : Fantasia 3 in F major for two treble, alto and bass viol
  • RC-4 : Fantasia 4 C-mixolydian for two treble, alto and bass viol
  • RC-5 : Fantasia 5 [Air] in D-Doric for two treble, alto and bass viol
  • RC-6 : Fantasia 6 [Air] D-Doric for two treble, alto and bass viol
  • RC-7 : Fantasia 7 [Air] D-mixolydian for two treble, alto and bass viol
  • RC-8 : Fantasia 8 in F major for two treble, alto and bass viol
  • RC-9 : Fantasia 9 C-mixolydian for two treble and two bass viols
  • RC-10 : Fantasia 10 C-mixolydian for two treble and two bass viols
  • RC-11 : Fantasia 11 [Air] C-mixolydian for two treble, alto and bass viol
  • RC-12 : Fantasia 12 [Air] C-mixolydian for two treble, alto and bass viol
  • RC-13 : Fantasia 13 [Air] G major for two treble, alto and bass viol

35 fantasies for five viols

(Usually for two treble, two tenor, bass viol)

  • RC-1 (VdGS 11): Fantasia
  • RC-2 (VdGS 12): Fantasia
  • RC-3 (VdGS 13): Fantasia
  • RC-4 (VdGS 14): Fantasia
  • RC-5 (VdGS 8): Fantasia
  • RC-6 (VdGS 6): Fantasia
  • RC-7 (VdGS 7): Fantasia
  • RC-8 (VdGS 10): Fantasia
  • RC-9 (VdGS 1): Fantasia
  • RC-10 (VdGS 3): Fantasia
  • RC-11 (VdGS 4): Fantasia
  • RC-12 (VdGS 2): Fantasia
  • RC-13 (VdGS 29): Che fia lasso di me
  • RC-14 (VdGS 19): Ardo
  • RC-15 (VdGS 19): Seconda parte
  • RC-16 (VdGS 9): old parole
  • RC-17 (VdGS 30): [Fantasia]
  • RC-18 (VdGS 30): [Fantasia]
  • RC-19 (VdGS 5): Il vago
  • RC-20 (VdGS 15): Fantasia
  • RC-21 (VdGS 31): [Fantasia]
  • RC-22 (VdGS 18): Io moriro
  • RC-23 (VdGS 32): [Fantasia]
  • RC-24 (VdGS 20): Fantasia (two treble, tenor, two bass viols)
  • RC-25 (VdGS 21): Fantasia
  • RC-26 (VdGS 22): Fantasia
  • RC-27 (VdGS 23): Fantasia
  • RC-28 (VdGS 24): Fantasia (two treble, tenor, two bass viols)
  • RC-29 (VdGS 25): Fantasia (two treble, tenor, two bass viols)
  • RC-30 (VdGS 26): Fantasia (treble, three tenor, bass viol)
  • RC-31 (VdGS 27): Fantasia (two treble, tenor, two bass viols)
  • RC-32 (VdGS 28): Fantasia
  • RC-33 (VdGS 16): Fantasia (treble, two tenor, two bass viols)
  • RC-34 (VdGS 17): Fantasia (treble, two tenor, two bass viols)
  • RC-35 O che vezzosa

Twelve fantasies for six viols

(Two treble, tenor and bass viols each)

  • RC-1 : Fantasia 1 in D-Doric
  • RC-2 : Fantasia 2 in D-Doric
  • RC-3 : Fantasia 3 in A minor
  • RC-4 : Fantasia 4 in A minor
  • RC-5 : Fantasia 5 in A minor
  • RC-6 : Fantasia 6 in A minor
  • RC-7 : Fantasia 7 in A minor
  • RC-8 : Fantasia 8 in C-Doric
  • RC-9 : Fantasia 9 in G major
  • RC-10 : Fantasia 10 in E-Doric
  • RC-11 : Fantasia 11 in G Mixolydian
  • RC-12 : Fantasia 12 in D-Doric

The works are almost always contained in several sources, 15 of the three-part works also in the Amsterdam print of 1648: XX. Konincklycke FANTASIEN, / Om op 3 Fioolen de Gamba en other Speel-tuigh / te grbruycken.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Richard Charteris (ed.): Thomas Lupo: The Complete Vocal Music , Boethius Editions (Kilkenny, 1982)
  2. ^ Richard Charteris (ed.): Thomas Lupo: The Three-Part Consort Music , Fretwork Editions, London 2001, ISBN 1-898131-29-5
  3. ^ Richard Charteris (ed.): Thomas Lupo: The Four-Part Consort Music , Fretwork Editions, London 2003, ISBN 1-898131-49-X
  4. ^ Richard Charteris (ed.): Thomas Lupo: The Five-Part Consort Music , Fretwork Editions, London 1997, 1998 (two volumes)
  5. ^ Richard Charteris (ed.): Thomas Lupo: The Six-Part Consort Music , Fretwork Editions, London 1993
  6. ^ Gordon Dodd: Thematic Index of Music for Viols , six editions, London 1980–1992

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Lupo, Thomas
BRIEF DESCRIPTION English composer
DATE OF BIRTH baptized August 7, 1571
PLACE OF BIRTH London
DATE OF DEATH December 1627
Place of death London