Tiberius Iulius Alexander (son)

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Tiberius Iulius Alexander (* around 10 AD; † after 70 AD) was an influential Romanized Jew who lived in the 1st century AD. He was procurator of Judea and prefect of Egypt and supported the rise of the Roman emperor Vespasian .

His father, who was also called Tiberius Iulius Alexander , came from Alexandria . The elder Iulius Alexander was a friend of Herod Agrippas I and donated to equip the Jerusalem temple . His brother Philon , the uncle of the younger Iulius Alexander, is considered the most important author of Hellenistic Judaism, and Iulius Alexander's younger brother Marcus was married to Agrippa's daughter Berenike . Tiberius Iulius Alexander was during his career epistrategist of the Thebais and governor of the provinces of Judea (46-48) and Egypt (68-69). 63 he took part in Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo Parthian and in the negotiations with the Parthian king I. Trdat part.

The Jerusalem Temple , which was destroyed against the will of Iulius Alexander in 70 AD , model in the Orientalis Museum Park ( Berg en Dal )

As prefect of Egypt, the legio III Cyrenaica and the legio XXII Deiotariana were subordinate to him , with the help of which he put down Jewish unrest in Alexandria. In the four-emperor year 68/69 he supported Vespasian , who finally emerged victorious. On July 1, 69, Iulius Alexander swore his soldiers in on Vespasian instead of the incumbent Emperor Vitellius , thus giving Vespasian the opportunity to accept the title of emperor. The visit of the new emperor to Egypt in November of the same year, organized by Julius Alexander, was a great success, as Vespasian was able to give the population the impression that he could cure diseases by the laying on of hands.

When Vespasian and Iulius Alexander found out about the defeat and death of Vitellius in January 70, Vespasian set out for Rome , while Iulius Alexander went to Judea to meet the emperor's son Titus with his knowledge of the country and his military experience in ending the Support the Jewish War . As the commander of two legions, he also took part in the siege of Jerusalem , which lasted until August, but could not prevent the destruction of the Jewish temple. It is possible that Iulius Alexander was Praetorian Prefect a few years later - or even during the Jewish War - the sources are not clear. The year of his death is also unknown.

literature

  • Monique Alexandre: Alexander (Tiberius Iulius). In: Richard Goulet (ed.): Dictionnaire des philosophes antiques. Volume 1, CNRS, Paris 1989, ISBN 2-222-04042-6 , pp. 118-120.
  • Klaus Bringmann : Alexandros 18. In: The New Pauly (DNP). Volume 1, Metzler, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-476-01471-1 , column 477 f.
  • Viktor Burr: Tiberius Julius Alexander (= Antiquitas . Series 1, Volume 1). Habelt, Bonn 1955.
  • John Hazel: Who's Who in the Roman World. 2nd Edition. Routledge, London 2002, ISBN 0-415-29162-3 , p. 8.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See Michel Absil: Les préfets du prétoire d'Auguste à Commode. 2 avant Jésus-Christ, 192 après Jésus-Christ. De Boccard, Paris 1997, ISBN 2-7018-0111-7 , pp. 206-211.
predecessor Office successor
Gaius Caecina Tuscus Prefect of the Roman Province of Egypt
68–69 		Lucius Peducaeus Colon
personal data
SURNAME Alexander, Tiberius Iulius
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Iulius Alexander, Tiberius; Julius Alexander, Tiberius; Alexander, Tiberius Iulius; Alexander, Tiberius Julius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prefect of Egypt and Judea
DATE OF BIRTH at 10
DATE OF DEATH after 70