Trachichthyiformes

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Trachichthyiformes
Hoplostethus mediterraneus

Hoplostethus mediterraneus

Systematics
Overcohort : Clupeocephala
Cohort : Euteleosteomorpha
Sub-cohort : Neoteleostei
Acanthomorphata
Spinefish (Acanthopterygii)
Order : Trachichthyiformes
Scientific name
Trachichthyiformes
Moore , 1993

The Trachichthyiformes are an order of the bony fish (Osteichthyes) with five families, 20 genera and almost 70 species. The fish live exclusively in the sea, sometimes in the deep sea .

features

Most species have a flattened, high-backed body and reach lengths of 16 to 55 cm. Diagnostic features of the order are the X-shaped arrangement of the ridges on the frontal , the bony arches on the lacrimal (first eye ring bone) and the third infraorbital and a small ethmoideum between the dorsomedial sections of the lateral ethmoidea.

Systematics

The ordinal name Trachichthyiformes was introduced in 1993 by deep-sea fish specialist Jon A. Moore. In the Trachichthyiformes he united the families of the orders Stephanoberyciformes and Beryciformes (old composition) with the exception of the soldier and hussar fish (Holocentridae), which are more closely related to the perch relatives (Percomorphaceae) than to the other families of the Trachichthyiformes and the mucous heads (Berycidae) ), for which he could not find any common characteristics with the other families. Since the Berycidae did not belong to the family group, the ordinal name Beryciformes could not be used and Moore decided on the name Trachichthyiformes, derived from the saw bellies (Trachichthyidae). In 2013 Ricardo Betancur-R and colleagues combined all the Beryciformes and Stephanoberyciformes families into an expanded order Beryciformes with the exception of the Holocentridae. In the fifth edition of Fishes of the World , a standard work on fish systematics, published in 2016, the Beryciformes (in a new composition) and the Trachichthyiformes are listed as separate orders. Both orders are sister groups , i.e. related to each other, but separated more than 100 million years ago.

Cladogram of the Beryciformes and the Trachichthyiformes
  Berycimorphaceae  
  Beryciformes  


 Mucous heads (Berycidae)


   

 Large scale fish (Melamphaidae)



   


 Red-mouthed whale fish (Rondeletiidae)


   

 Barbourisiidae


   

 Thornfish (Stephanoberycidae)




   

 Whale heads (Cetomimidae)




  Trachichthyiformes  

 Silver heads (Diretmidae)


   


 Pine cone fish  (Monocentridae)


   

 Lantern Bearer (Anomalopidae)



   

 Saw bellies (Trachichthyidae), including fang fish ( Anoplogaster )





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According to Nelson (2016), the following families belong to the Trachichthyifomes:

Fossils of the Trachichthyiformes are known from the Cretaceous period (including the Pseudomonocentridae family and the genera Antarctiberyx , Hoplopteryx and Lissoberyx from the Trachichthyidae family).

  • Anoplogaster cornuta

  • Diretmichthys parini

  • Anomalops katoptron

  • Cleidopus gloriamaris

  • Gephyroberyx japonicus

  • Hoplopteryx from the Upper Cretaceous

literature

  • Joseph S. Nelson, Terry C. Grande, Mark VH Wilson: Fishes of the World. Wiley, Hoboken, New Jersey, 2016, ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Jon A. Moore: Phylogeny of the Trachichthyiformes (Teleostei: Percomorpha). Bulletin of Marine Science, Volume 52, Number 1, January 1993, pp. 114-136 (23)
  2. ↑ Betancur-R., R., RE Broughton, EO Wiley, K. Carpenter, JA Lopez, C. Li, NI Holcroft, D. Arcila, M. Sanciangco, J. Cureton, F. Zhang, T. Buser, M Campbell, T. Rowley, JA Ballesteros, G. Lu, T. Grande, G. Arratia & G. Ortí. 2013. The tree of life and a new classification of bony fishes. PLoS Currents Tree of Life. 2013 Apr 18.