Trimethyl germanium chloride

Structural formula
General
Surname	Trimethyl germanium chloride
other names	Chlorotrimethylgerman Chlorotrimethylgermanium
Molecular formula	C 3 H 9 ClGe
Brief description	clear, colorless liquid
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 1529-47-1 EC number 216-214-4 ECHA InfoCard 100.014.741 PubChem 73723 Wikidata Q19756533
properties
Molar mass	153.2 g mol −1
Physical state	liquid
density	1.24 g cm −3 (25 ° C )
Melting point	−13 ° C
boiling point	102 ° C
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances danger H and P phrases H: 225-314 P: 210-280-305 + 351 + 338-310
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Trimethylgermanium chloride is a chemical compound from the group of organic germanium compounds .

Extraction and presentation

Trimethylgermanium chloride can be produced in high yield by reacting tetramethylgermanium with hydrogen chloride in the presence of aluminum trichloride as a catalyst :

${\displaystyle \mathrm {Ge(CH_{3})_{4}+\ HCl\ {\xrightarrow {AlCl_{3}}}\ \ ClGe(CH_{3})_{3}+\ CH_{4}\ } }$

Even with equimolar conversion of tetramethylgermanium with antimony (V) chloride , tin (IV) chloride or gallium (II) chloride , the trimethylgermanium chloride is formed in high yield, while with an increased use of the chloride mainly the dimethylgermanium dichloride is formed:

${\displaystyle \mathrm {Ge(CH_{3})_{4}+\ SnCl_{4}\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ \ ClGe(CH_{3})_{3}+\ SnCl_{3}CH_{3}\ } }$

${\displaystyle \mathrm {Ge(CH_{3})_{4}+\ GaCl_{3}\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ \ ClGe(CH_{3})_{3}+\ GaCl_{2}CH_{3}\ } }$

In addition, a catalytic conproportionation of tetramethylgermanium with dimethylgermanium dichloride in a ratio of 1: 1, with methylgermanium trichloride in a ratio of 2: 1 or with germanium tetrachloride in a ratio of 3: 1 provides the desired product:

${\displaystyle \mathrm {Ge(CH_{3})_{4}+\ Cl_{2}Ge(CH_{3})_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {GaCl_{3}}}\ 2\ ClGe(CH_{3})_{3}} }$

${\displaystyle \mathrm {2\ Ge(CH_{3})_{4}+\ Cl_{3}GeCH_{3}\ {\xrightarrow {GaCl_{3}}}\ 3\ ClGe(CH_{3})_{3}} }$

${\displaystyle \mathrm {3\ Ge(CH_{3})_{4}+\ GeCl_{4}\ {\xrightarrow {GaCl_{3}}}\ 4\ ClGe(CH_{3})_{3}} }$

properties

Trimethylgermanium chloride is a clear, colorless liquid with a refractive index of 1.433 and a flash point of 1 ° C.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h} data sheet Chlorotrimethylgermane from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 2, 2015 ( PDF ).
2. ^ ^{A b} Luise Ellinghaus: Houben-Weyl Methods of Organic Chemistry Vol. XIII / 6, 4th Edition. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2014, ISBN 978-3-13-180734-2 , pp. 70–71 ( limited preview in Google book search).
3. ↑ ^{a b} I. Schumann-Ruidisch, V. Lieb, B. Jutzi-Mebert: Gallium chloride-catalyzed conproportionation reactions of alkylgermanium halides . In: Journal of Inorganic and General Chemistry . tape 355 , no. 1-2 , November 1967, ISSN  0044-2313 , pp. 64 , doi : 10.1002 / zaac.19673550108 .