Trinidad (ship)
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The Trinidad was the flagship of Ferdinand Magellan on the first voyage around the world. However, the ship never returned to Spain.
Planning and construction
planning
The Trinidad was planned as a carrack . Together with four other ships, the Victoria , the San Antonio , the Concepcion and the Santiago, she was to serve for the first circumnavigation of the world under Ferdinand Magellan.
construction
The Trinidad was built as planned in 1519. Shortly before the start of the voyage, the Spanish Crown made the ship available to Magellan.
history
The Trinidad was not supposed to complete the first circumnavigation. On August 10, 1519, a small fleet of five ships set sail from Seville. That fleet was Magellan's ships, led by the Trinidad . The ships first sailed briefly west, then turned south. On board the Trinidad it was rumored that Magellan was a treacherous Portuguese because he was heading for Africa and Africa belonged to the Portuguese . It was only after about the 12th northern latitude he turned the ships to West southwest. After a break in the bay of Rio de Janeiro , they sailed south. At about 50 degrees south latitude, Magellan sought passage into the Pacific , and the Santiago was lost. When they found the Strait of Magellan (which was later named after Ferdinand Magellan, who discovered the street), they crossed it. The San Antonio deserted . Then they set course for the Moluccas . Magellan died in the Philippines, and there were only two ships left: the Trinidad and the Victoria . These were divided up: the Trinidad tried to find the way back, the Victoria tried to get around the Cape of Good Hope , then along the west coast of Africa back to Spain. Only the Victoria made it back to Spain.
The failure of Trinidad
The 53 men from the Trinidad who had stayed in Tidore to repair their ship wanted to go back to Europe via America . When crossing the North Pacific, they got to 42 ° North, but then a twelve-day storm forced them to turn back. On Ternate , the neighboring island of Tidore, a Portuguese fleet of seven caravels with 300 men had landed and built a fortress.
The only 18 survivors of Trinidad surrendered to the Portuguese at the end of October and beginning of November 1522. The Trinidad was just a wreck that sank not far from the coast eight days after arriving at Ternate with her cargo of cloves. The Portuguese used valuable wood, anchor and mast from Trinidad , which was stuck in the mud, when building their fortress on Ternate, which was in the process of being built.
The crew members were jailed for several years. Six reached Lisbon as prisoners by 1527. After the survivors on the Victoria, they were the first people to complete a circumnavigation of the world. Only three of them, Gonzalo Gomez de Espinosa , Gines de Mafra and Guillermo Morales , returned to Spain on August 4, 1527.
List of survivors of the Trinidad
- Juan Rodriguez of Seville (el Sordo), arrived in Lisbon in 1525
- Hans Barge , German gunner, died in prison in Lisbon
Returned to Spain via Lisbon (January 1527) after imprisonment in August 1527:
- Gonzalo Gomez de Espinosa
- Gines de Mafra
- Guillermo Morales
Returned to Italy:
- Leon Pancaldo von Savona, Italian, was the last to arrive in Lisbon in the spring of 1527, partly as a stowaway.
literature
- Antonio Pigafetta: Around the Earth with Magellan , Edition Erdmann, 2009, ISBN 978-3-86539-811-6
- Hans Plischke: Fernao de Magalhaes - The first circumnavigation. FABrockhaus, Leipzig 1922, p. 147.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hans Plischke: Fernao de Magalhaes - The first circumnavigation. FABrockhaus, Leipzig 1922, p. 147.
- ↑ Terra X: Magellan's Journey Around Earth - The Adventure of the First Circumnavigation. Xavier Agote, President d. Albaola Basque Maritime Heritage Society San Sebastian. ZDF, April 13, 2020, accessed on April 11, 2020 (from 36:03 min.).