Trisilane

Structural formula
General
Surname	Trisilane
Molecular formula	Si 3 H 8
Brief description	colorless liquid
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 7783-26-8 EC number 616-514-9 ECHA InfoCard 100.132.113 PubChem 139070 ChemSpider 122661 Wikidata Q610592
properties
Molar mass	92.32 g mol −1
Physical state	liquid
density	0.739 g cm −3
Melting point	−114.8 ° C
boiling point	52.8 ° C
Vapor pressure	94 Torr (0 ° C)
solubility	soluble in carbon tetrachloride
Refractive index	1.4978
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances danger H and P phrases H: 250-261-315-319-335 P: ?
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C

Trisilane is a chemical compound from the group of silanes , the structure is analogous to the hydrocarbon propane . As with propane, there are no isomers because of the shortness of the chain .

Extraction and presentation

Trisilane can be obtained by reacting octachlorotrisilane with lithium aluminum hydride or by pyrolysis of disilane .

${\displaystyle \mathrm {Si_{3}Cl_{8}+2\ LiAlH_{4}\longrightarrow Si_{3}H_{8}+2\ LiCl+2\ AlCl_{3}} }$

Like the other silanes, it can also be isolated by fractionation of crude silane, which is formed during the acid decomposition of magnesium silicide or through the action of electrical discharges on monosilane .

${\displaystyle \mathrm {Mg_{2}Si+\ 4H^{+}\ \longrightarrow \ Si_{n}H_{2n+2}} }$

properties

Trisilane is a colorless, extremely oxidation-sensitive, self-igniting liquid with a high vapor pressure, which means there is a risk of explosive mixtures forming with air.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i} Georg Brauer (Ed.), With the collaboration of Marianne Baudler u. a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume I, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1975, ISBN 3-432-02328-6 , p. 658.
2. ^ ^{A b} Jean d'Ans, Ellen Lax, Roger Blachnik: Pocket book for chemists and physicists . Springer DE, 1998, ISBN 3-642-58842-5 , pp. 730 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
3. ↑ There is not yet a harmonized classification for this substance . A labeling of trisilane in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), retrieved on December 3, 2016, is reproduced from a self-classification by the distributor .