Tschuschka (peninsula)
| Tschushka | ||
 Kerch Strait with Chushka Peninsula (top center) |
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| Geographical location | ||
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| Coordinates | 45 ° 21 ′ N , 36 ° 42 ′ E | |
| Waters 1 | Strait of Kerch | |
| Waters 2 | Taman Bay | |
| length | 18 km | |
| width | 1 km | |
Tschuschka ( Russian Чушка́ ) is a peninsula in southern Russia . It forms the north-western end of the much larger Taman Peninsula .
geography
The peninsula is a spit and has the typical shape, narrow and elongated. There, where it is connected in the north, in the transition area of the Sea of Azov to the Kerch Strait and near the town of Ilyich , with the larger Taman Peninsula and thus with the mainland, and also afterwards for around a quarter of its length of about eighteen Kilometers, it is only around 100 meters wide. At the southwest end it widens to a good one kilometer. Even if it is often referred to as a headland , it does not meet the formally necessary condition of having its widest point at the connection to the mainland.
Chushka extends from northeast to southwest, separating the Kerch Strait, which connects the Black Sea with the Sea of Azov, in the northwest, from the Bay of Taman and Dinskoi Bay in the southeast. In the area of the peninsula, the Kerch Strait is only around four kilometers wide, on the opposite side of the Chushka lies the Kerch Peninsula, the eastern end of the Crimea . The sea side offers an elongated beach, the inner side is divided into a myriad of small islets and peninsulas. There is also one of the mud volcanoes called Blewaka ( Russian Блевака ) , which are otherwise widespread on the rest of the Taman Peninsula . Tschuschka is a popular resting place for migratory birds .
Administratively, Chushka belongs to the Zaporozhskoje municipality and is located in Temryuk district in the Krasnodar region .
colonization
At the south-western, wider end of the peninsula is the port of Port Kawkas , whose main function is the eastern end of the ferry connection over the Kerch Strait to the city of the same name on the Crimean peninsula. There is also a smaller place there, which is also called Tschuschka . Originally arose around a fishing station organized as a state farm , but after the state farm was closed in the 1990s, the majority of its residents now work in the area of the port. The lack of natural fresh water and environmental damage caused by an oil spill in 2007 (see below) and the construction of new storage tanks for chemicals in the port area have led to partial relocation to Ilyich and thus to a significant decline in the population of the settlement. Despite the long beach, the other framework conditions prevented the development of a tourist infrastructure.
traffic
Starting from the port, two traffic routes run along the entire length of the peninsula and on to the mainland in the direction of the northern foothills of the Caucasus . On the one hand, this is the A290 , also known as European route 97 , during the time of the Soviet Union and temporarily until 2017 as the M25, and on the other hand, a railway line to Krymsk .
In the late phase of the Second World War , as part of Operation Gotenkopf to supply the German troops on the east side of the Strait, the Todt organization began building a bridge between the Kerch and Tschuschka peninsulas in early 1943 . After the forced retreat to the Crimea, the incompletely completed bridge was blown up in October 1943. Advancing Soviet troops were able to restore this bridge. It was helpful here that building materials left behind by German troops during the Kerch-Eltigen operation fell into Soviet hands. Commissioned on November 3, 1944, the bridge was destroyed by ice in mid-February 1945 and has not been rebuilt since. Instead, the Port Kawkas ferry terminal was built on Tschuschka until 1953.
Since the collapse of the Soviet Union , the construction of a new bridge has been discussed on various occasions and agreements have been signed between Russia and Ukraine without this having led to the start of construction work. Of the planned routes, with the exception of the southernmost one, which leads over the island of Tusla , all of the others see a connection to the Chushka peninsula. As part of the Crimean crisis , Russian Prime Minister Medvedev announced at the beginning of March 2014 that he would press ahead with the construction of the Crimean Bridge and signed a corresponding decree. The bridge was officially opened in May 2018.
In the area of the southern end of Tschuschka there are two lighthouses to safeguard shipping , one 18 and the other 24 meters high.
2007 oil spill
On November 11, 2007, several cargo ships, including the oil tanker Volgoneft-139, sank in the Kerch Strait as a result of a winter storm. About 2000 tons of heating oil leaked and polluted the coasts of Chushka and Tusla, more than 3000 birds died there.
Web links
- Краснодарский край. Коса Чушка . Abundantly illustrated travel report from Tschuschka from October 2012 (Russian)
- Заложники отравленной земли Photo report about the living conditions on the peninsula from November 2011 on the website of blogger Alexander Belenkiy (Russian)
- Отдых в селе Чушка на Азовском море Information about Chushka on a website about beach tourism in Russia (Russian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Renata Kossenko: Because they didn't know what they were doing . Moskauer Deutsche Zeitung , February 1, 2008, accessed on March 12, 2014
- ↑ M. S. Rudenko: История строительства и разрушения моста через Керченский пролив . Article about the construction and destruction of the bridge over the Kerch Strait, published in the magazine Транспортное строительство (in German "Transportbauwesen"), issue 6, 1991, on a website about rail transport in Ukraine. accessed on April 15, 2014 (Russian)
- ↑ Мост через Керченский пролив . Basic information about the project on a website on the history of Kerch, March 17, 2014, accessed April 15, 2014 (Russian)
- ↑ Russia builds a bridge to the Crimea . RIA Novosti , March 3, 2014, accessed March 12, 2014.
- ↑ Lighthouses in Russia on a website about lighthouses worldwide, accessed April 15, 2014
- ^ Oil spill on the Kerch Strait between Ukraine and Russia Brief information and satellite map of the DFD's Center for Satellite-Based Crisis Information from November 11, 2007, accessed on March 12, 2014