Tullio Cianetti
Tullio Cianetti (born August 20, 1899 in Assisi , Italy , † April 8, 1976 in Maputo , Mozambique ) was an Italian fascist politician who was best known for his collaboration with the syndicate . It reached its zenith in 1943 when he briefly appeared as Ministero delle Corporazioni before he fled into exile in Mozambique.
Life
Tullio Cianetti was born on August 20, 1899 as the son of the peasant family Francesco and Matilde Falchetti in the central Italian city of Assisi and joined the Italian armed forces at the age of 18, having achieved conscription . Here he injured his leg slightly during the First World War and ended his military career in 1921 with the rank of lieutenant. He then became a teacher at the state boarding school Principe di Napoli in his hometown of Assisi. In addition, he helped Italian fascism gain a foothold in Assisi, whereupon he rose as secretary in 1922. He then moved to Terni , where he began to organize the syndicate , before he himself was appointed regional secretary of the syndicate for the Umbria region in 1924. In the same year, after the murder of Giacomo Matteotti , he turned his back on fascism for some time, where the suspicion arose that Cianetti was too far left-wing politically . Nevertheless, he returned in the following year 1925, was the regional secretary of the Syndicate responsible for the Syracuse region and subsequently held similar positions in Carrara , Messina , Matera and Treviso .
In 1931 he became secretary of the National Association of Mine and Quarry Workers, and in this position negotiated for higher wages for the workers, having appeared as a union representative in the 1920s. Despite his frequent conflicts with the Italian government, he gained more and more influence and eventually worked as a secretary for the syndicates of the Fascist Confederation of Industrial Workers , as well as the vice-president of social security. After he was promoted to President of the Industrial Workers' Association, he negotiated an agreement with Robert Ley , the organizer of the German Labor Front at the time , that allowed Italian workers to work in the German Reich . In recognition and appreciation Cianettis was initiated by the German Labor Front, of Volkswagen built hall in the city of the KdF car in Fallersleben , now Wolfsburg , in Tullio-Cianetti Hall to name. The hall was completed in 1938 and fell victim to a major fire one day before the official end of the Second World War . In the time of National Socialism it was used as an event center in the emerging automobile city.
Cianetti's rise continued, among other things, with his election to the Great Fascist Council in November 1934, in which he was re-elected in 1939 after a five-year term in office. During this time he acted as Undersecretary for Communities and reached his zenith again in 1943, when he was appointed Ministero delle Corporazioni , in German for example Minister of the Communities , similar to the current Minister for Economic Development . Here he worked on specially under the planning of Marcello Piacentini and Giuseppe Vaccaro , built Palazzo Piacentini in Rome from. He had a longstanding political relationship with Robert Ley, which is also proven by several meetings between the two. After he had made a party career under Benito Mussolini , his dissenting political tendencies came more and more to the fore, which culminated in the fact that Cianetti supported the fascist Dino Grandi in the coup against Mussolini.
Shortly afterwards, however, Cianetti wrote an apology to the Duce del Fascismo to avoid possible punishment and possible consequences. At the Verona trial , which took place in Verona from January 8-10, 1944 , Cianetti was one of the fascists accused. Due to his written apology to Mussolini, he was the only one of the six "renegade" participants to receive the meeting of the Great Fascist Council on 24/25. July 1943 in Rome a lighter sentence. While the other five were sentenced to death for high treason , union leader Tullio Cianetti received a sentence of 30 years in prison. Shortly after the occupation, Cianetti managed to flee to Mozambique , where he from then on spent the last 32 years of his life in exile before he died on April 8, 1976 in the capital Maputo at the age of 76.
Web links
- Tullio Cianetti on treccani.it (Italian)
- Newspaper article about Tullio Cianetti in the press kit of the 20th century of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Cianetti, Tullio |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Italian fascist politician |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 20, 1899 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Assisi , Italy |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 8, 1976 |
| Place of death | Maputo , Mozambique |